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Pengaruh laju Pembebanan Organik Terhadap Efisiensi Penyisihan COD Limbah Cair Kelapa Sawit Menggunakan Bioeraktor Hibrid Anaerob Dua Tahap Musfa, Nopi Andri; Ahmad, Adrianto; Bahruddin, Bahruddin
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 2 (2015): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2015
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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The development of palm oil factories in the last few years the rapid growth experienced and gived the impact of positive and negative impact for the community. One of the positive impact is increasing foreign exchange and community welfare state, while the negative impact that is causing waste could reduce the quality of the environment. Characteristic of COD in the liquid waste of plant crude palm is 60.000 mg/l. The value of COD for is a measure of water pollution of organic substances naturally cannot be degradation with microbiologists process and may also result in reduced oxygen dissolved in water. COD handling of liquid waste from factories crude palm oil can be done in anaerobic two stages bioreactor hybrid use anaerobic. This research purposed to determine the effect of organic loading rate for efficiency of COD removal and determine the optimal organic loading rate for efficiency of COD removal on liquid waste oil palm treatment with using anaerobic bioreactor hybrids two stages. Operating conditions on this research that using room temperature, each bioreactor volume by 10 liters and feet flow rate in bioreactor I is 5 liters per day with organic loading rate by 30 kg COD/m3day. The result showed that an COD removal with varying the organic loading rate of 8,568 kgCOD/m3day, 12 kgCOD/m3day and 19,8 kgCOD/m3day, this result obtained the highest efficiency COD removal in the organic loading rate is 8,568 kgCOD/m3day with the equal is 93,06 %. This indicates that bioreactor anaerobic hybrid two stages are relatively better for COD removal from the liquid waste content of crude palm oil.   Keywords: Anaerobic, COD, Liquid Waste of Crude Palm Oil, Two-Stage Anaerobic Bioreactor Hybrid  
Pengaruh Penambahan Graphene Oxide Terhadap Sifat Bioplastik Berbasis Pati Singkong Ekawati, Lestari; Amri, Amun; Bahruddin, Bahruddin
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 5 (2018): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2018
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Conventional plastics are still often used today derived from synthetic polymer materials that are difficult to be recycled and degraded by microorganisms. Bioplastic is one of solution to this problem. One of the materials that have the potential to be used as raw material is cassava because it has a high starch content. However, starch has a weakness that is still low mechanical properties. The general purpose of this research is to study the effect of adding graphene oxide and stirring time to mechanical properties, and biodegradation of cassava starch based bioplastic. Bioplastic was synthesized by intercalation method with variation of graphene oxide concentration (5% v / v and 15% v / v) and stirring time variation (30 minute and 60 minute). The results of the analysis showed that the treatment with the addition of filler graphene oxide and the variation of stirring time contributed to the resulting bioplastic mechanical properties. Bioplastic with the best characteristic was obtained by adding 15% graphene oxide and 60 minutes stirring time with tensile strength 3,92 Mpa, elongation 13,216%, modulus young 29,66 Mpa with water resistance 27,42% and within 1 week degraded 50 , 83%.Keywords: Bioplastic, glycerol, graphene oxide, Cassava Starch, plasticizer
Pengaruh Temperatur Dan Katalis Lempung Aktif Pada Pengolahan Sampah Plastik Jenis Polypropylene Dengan Metode Pirolisis Shaleh, Idries Hamidi; Daud, Syarfi; Bahruddin, Bahruddin
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 4, No 2 (2017): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2017
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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The increasing amounts of plastic wastes generate enormous environmental problems because its nonbiodegradable properties. Various attempts have been done to reduce plastic waste. One of the way to reuse the plastic waste is converted to the liquid fuel by pyrolisis process. Pyrolysis, while can decomposed plastic safely, its product can be alternative source of fuel. The purpose of this study is to observe the effect of process variable (process temperature and active clay catalyst) for yield form polypropylene plastic and generated pyrolysis liquid fuel characterization. The pyrolysis process was carried out at 300 oC, 350 oC, 400 oC and variation of active clay catalyst to 0.5%, 1%, 1.5% and non-catalyst for polypropylene plastic and with reaction time of 120 min. The results of this study resulted in the highest yield of 65.86% at 400oC and 1.5% active clay catalyst. Characterization of pyrolysis liquid fuel of density 0,784 gram / ml, kinematic viscosity 2,956 cSt, flash point 49 oC and caloric value 46,815 MJ/ kg.Keyword : pyrolysis, active clay, polypropylena, pyrolysis liquid fuel
Pembuatan Biodiesel Dari Minyak Biji Karet Menggunakan Reaktor Membran Fauzi, Subehan; Syarfi, Syarfi; Bahruddin, Bahruddin
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 1 (2015): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2015
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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One of the challenges in biodiesel manufacturing were the limited conventional mass transfer. The problem can be solved by using new technology in the biodiesel manufacturing process, namely tmembrane reactor. Membrane reactor has a close relationship to productivity and selectivity. This research aims to study the effect of variations in the molar ratio and transmembrane pressure on the characteristics and productivity of biodiesel. This research was conducted by two stages of preparation of rubber seed oil and biodiesel production using a membrane reactor. Rubber seed oil preparation process consists of stripping, drying, resizing, extraction and degumming. Biodiesel production is conducted by using H2SO4 catalyst, reaction time 6 h, reaction temperature 60°C, the variation of the molar ratio of 1:15, 1:20 and 1:25 and transmembrane pressure of 1 bar, 1.5 bar and 2 bar. Results of preparation of rubber seed oil yield of 19% was obtained with a free fatty acid content before and after degumming is 37.6% and 29.12%. The results showed the highest yield of biodiesel production amounted to 62.15% at a molar ratio of 1:20 and a transmembrane pressure of 1.5 bar. Biodiesel produced has a density of 0.880 g/ml, viscosity 7.73 mm2/s and flash point 180oC. The largest composition of biodiesel ie 26.5% of Oleic Acid Methyl Ester.Keywords: biodiesel, membrane reactor, rubber seed oil
Pengaruh Waktu Dan Suhu Pencampuran Terhadap Derajat Grafting Maleated Natural Rubber Dengan Inisiator Benzoil Peroksida Zuliarti, Indah; Khairat, Khairat; Bahruddin, Bahruddin
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 2 (2015): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2015
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Maleated natural rubber is modification of natural rubber with grafting polar fungsional of maleic anhydride. This research aim to learning effect of the reaction temperature and reaction time modified MNR with benzoyl peroxide. Benzoyl peroxide was used to initiate the free radical graft copolymerization. Process produced Maleated Natural Rubber were modifed at internal mixer reaction temperature and reaction time, which are variated by 150o C, 155o C, 160o C, and 165o C of reaction temperature, and 8, 10, 12, 14 minutes of reaction time. Amount of MAH 8 phr and 60 rpm rotor rate of internal mixer. Quantities of the grafted anhydride (MA) were determined by titration of the methanol. Initiator benzoyl peroxide of the grafted anhydride on natural rubber relatif not effected. Increasing temperatur and time reaction also causes increasing levels grafting until point of optimum. The results showed the optimum temperature is 160oC and reaction time is 12 minutes. produced 4,75% grafting.Keywords : benzoyl peroxide, grafting , maleic anhydric, maleated natural rubber, temperature
Pengaruh Kadar Serbuk Gergaji Dalam Proses Bioremediasi Tanah Tercemar Minyak Putri, Ade Rahayu; Amraini, Said Zul; Bahruddin, Bahruddin
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 1, No 1 (2014): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2014
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Bioremediation is one of the most cost-effective and environmentally friendly methods to remediate many different types of waste materials widely used by many private and public entities. This research was conducted to determine the influence rates of sawdust in the bioremediation process of petroleum contaminated soil by using laboratory methods, in combination with the addition of fertilizer as sources of nitrogen. This research was conducted based on the 100:5:1 of C:N:P ratios, respectively. Test parameters needed to knowing the optimal condition in remediation were pH, moisture content and temperature. Results show the Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) was degraded until 44% for the addition of 500 grams sawdust size 0.2 cm, 33% for the addition of 750 grams sawdust size 3 cm and 20% without any treatment within around two months. The addition of sawdust and fertilizer has increased the efficiency of TPH degradation and obtained positive relationship for the addition of fertilizer to the level of TPH degradation.  Keywords: bioremediation, sawdust, degradation, TPH, fertilizer
تطبيق اللعب اللغوي بطاقة الصدر في تعليم اللغة العربية لترقية مهارة الكتابة Umar, Umar; Bahruddin, Bahruddin
Arabia Vol 10, No 1 (2018): JURNAL ARABIA
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Arab Fakultas Tarbiyah IAIN Kudus

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21043/arabia.v10i1.3594

Abstract

لا يريد الباحث من هذا البحث إلا الهدفين الاثنين: أولهما، لمعرفة تطبيق وسيلة اللعب اللغوي بطاقة الصدر فى تعليم اللغة العربية لترقية مهارة الكتابة؛ وثانهما، لمعرفة فعّالية استخدام وسيلة اللعب اللغوي بطاقة الصدر فى تعليم اللغة العربية لترقية مهارة الكتابة فى الفصل الثامن بالمدرسة مزرعة الهدى الإسلامية المتوسطة كارانج أيار دماك.  ومن ثم، كان نوع هذا البحث تجريبيا، وأمّا المدخل الذي استخدمه الباين فهو المدخل الكمّي الذي يركز على تحليل ومعالجة البيانات الرقمية مع الأساليب الإحصائية. تجمع الباحثة البيانات فى هذا البحث بطريقة الملاحظة والتوثيق والإختبار. وطريقة تحليل البيانات إختبار الصدق وإختبار الثبات، تحليل الافتراض التقليدي هو إختبار الاستواء وإختبار التجانس.ويجد الباحث نتائج هذا البحث التى سيذكرها ما يلي: أولا، أن تطبيق وسيلة اللعب اللغوي بطاقة الصدر فى تعليم اللغة العربية لترقية مهارة الكتابة المستخدمة موافق بالنظرية والخطوات المقررة؛ ثانيا، أن تطبيق وسيلة اللعب اللغوي بطاقة الصدر لترقية مهارة الكتابة فى الفصل الثامن فعّال. والدليل على ذلك أن النتائج المكتسبة من الطلاب بعد الإختبار اكبر من النتائج المكتسبة قبل الإختبار، وهي بمعدل قبل الإختبار 59،72 وبمعدل بعد الإختبار 71،77 . ودرجة الإختبار من Tالحساب 11،15 اكبر من Tالجدول من المستوى 1% 2،71 و5% 2،02. بذلك فإن فعّالية استخدام وسيلة لوحة فى تعليم اللغة العربية لترقية مهارة الكتابة مقبولة. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah : 1) Untuk mengetahui penerapan media Kartu dada dalam pembelajaran bahasa Arab untuk meningkatkan keterampilan menulis, 2) Untuk mengetahui efektifitas penggunaan media kartu dada dalam pembelajaran bahasa Arab untuk meningkatkan keterampilan menulis di kelas 8 MTs Mazo’atul Huda Karanganyar Demak .Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen dan pendekatannya yaitu pendekatan kuantitatif yang memusatkan pada analisis dan pengujian data angka menggunakan metode statistik (SPSS). Metode pengumpulan data dengan tehnik observasi, dokumentasi, dan tes. Dan metode analisis data yaitu uji validitas dan uji reliabilitas, analisis asumsi klasik yaitu uji normalitas dan uji homogenitas.Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini 1) penerapan media kartu dada dalam pembelajaran bahasa arab untuk meningkatkan keterampilan menulis sudah sesuai dengan materi dalam buku pembelajaran di sekolah. 2) dan penerapan  kartu dada saku untuk meningkatkan keterampilan menulis di kelas 8 efektif. Dan berdasarkan bukti nilai dari siswa bahwa rata-rata nilai Posttest lebih tinggi dari rata-rata nilai Pretest yaitu rata-rata nilai Pretest 59,72 dan rata-rata nilai Posttest 71,77. Dan dari nilai tes yang dihitung dengan menggunakan rumus Ttest, t˳ mencapai nilai 11,15 yang artinya lebih tinggi dari nilai Ttabel dengan taraf signifikansi 1% 2,71 dan 5% 2,02. Maka efektifitas penggunan media kartu dada dalam pembelajaran Bahasa Arab untuk meningkatkan keterampilan menulis bisa diterima.
Pengaruh Sorbitol Terhadap Karakteristik Bioplastik Berbasis Pati Sagu-Polivinil Alkohol (Pva) Dengan Menambahkan Kitosan Sebagai Filler Dan Sorbitol Sebagai Plastisizer Nurazizah, Nurazizah; Amraini, Said Jul; Bahruddin, Bahruddin
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 6 (2019): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2019
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Bioplastic based on sago starch have weaknesses in low mechanical properties. To improve the mechanical properties can be done by adding ingredients such as fillers, plasticizers and other addictive substances into the starch. This result aims to determine of bioplastic on the addition of polyvinyl alcohol, chitosan, and sorbitol to mechanical properties and biodegradability of sago starch-based bioplastic and formulating empirical equations the relationship between the nature of bioplastics and the research variables statistically. In thisstudy bioplastic are prepared in three stages of work. The first stage of sago starch at a ratio of 1:15 and heated at 80oC for five minutes. The second stage of the mixture was then added polyvinyl alcohol (10, 20, and 30 gram w/w) sorbitol (2%, 2,5%, and 3% w/w) and remainedstirred for ten minutes. The third stage of chitosan (2, 3, and 4% w/w) which was dissolved in acetic acid 1% w/v at 70oC was mixed into starch-PVA solution and remained stirred until glititization occurred. Then a mixture of printed bioplastic. Data analysis using response surface methodology (RSM) Shows that the factors that have the most significant effect on all responses are in the condition of ratio PVA 30 gram, chitosan 4% w/w, and sorbitol 3% w/w. The best response value obtained is the value of tensile strength 16,69 Mpa, elongation at break 94,77%, tear strength 12,729 khf/mm, water uptake 21,42% and biodegrability 78,29%. The result of analysis hopefully bioplastic show the surface of bioplastic polymers to be homogeneous with cross starch-chitosan bonds but there are still air bubbles, pores andcracks.Keywords: bioplastic, chitosan, polyvinyl alcohol , sago starch , sorbitol.
Modifikasi Bioplastik Berbasis Pati Sagu Dengan Asam Sitrat Dan Filler Microcrystalline Cellulose (MCC) Oktaviani, Cindy; Khairat, Khairat; Bahruddin, Bahruddin
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 6 (2019): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2019
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Bioplastic or biodegradable plastic is one of alternative replacement to conventional plastic that has the potential to harmful to the environment. One of the raw material that has the potential to be made into bioplastic is sago starch because it has ability to degraded. The general purpose of this research is to determine the characteristics of sago-based bioplastic by modified the citric acid, microcrystalline cellulose filler, plasticizer gliserol and create mathematical models of research parameters for bioplastics characteristics using statistical method. The synthesis method is casting of starch, water, filler MCC and plasticizer Glycerol with composition of filler is (15-25 % b/b), composition of plasticizer (25–35 % b/b), and composition citric acid (3-9 % b/b). The results showed that the treatment with the addition of MCC fillers, glycerol plasticizers, and citric acid are contributed to the mechanical properties produced. In the best process conditions (25% b / b MCC filler in 25% b / b glycerol plasticizer with 3% citric acid b / b) the best response value was obtained for the value of tensile strength of 9.34 MPa, elongation of 8.79%,and biodegradation of 65.68%. Keywords: bioplastics, cross-linking agents, MCC fillers, glycerol, sago starch
Pembuatan Komposit Pati Sagu/Polivinil Alkohol (PVA) Dengan Penambahan Kitosan Sebagai Filler Dan Gliserol Sebagai Plasticizer Deliana, Putri; Khairat, Khairat; Bahruddin, Bahruddin
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 6 (2019): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2019
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Sago-based bioplastics have weaknesses in low mechanical properties, so it is necessary to add synthetic plastics that are stronger but biodegradable and suitable fillers. This study aims to determine the effect of PVA, glycerol and chitosan on the mechanical and morphological properties of sago starch-based bioplastics. Bioplastics are made by intercalation of solutions,namely mixing sago starch, PVA, glycerol and chitosan. Testing samples include tensile strength, elongation, elastic modulus, tear strength, water uptake, biodegradability, and morphology. Data analysis using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with the method used Central Composite Design (CCD). The results showed that starch starch/PVA levels, glycerol and chitosan greatly influenced the properties and morphology of sago starch-basededible film bioplastic products. The best process conditions were obtained from the ratio of sago starch/PVA 1/3 b/b, glycerol 0,06 ml/g of sago starch, 4% chitosan b/b composite, with tensile strength of 15,88 MPa, elongation of 10,29%, elastic modulus 138,09 MPa, tear strength 9,32 Kgf, water uptake 73,38% and biodegradability 75,25%. These results have met SNI tensile strength 13,7 MPa specifications for bioplastic products.Keywords : bioplastics, glycerol, chitosan, tensile strength, PVA
Co-Authors - Martutik Abbas, Nur Asrah Abd. Rahim Abdullah Abdullah Ade Rahayu Putri Adrianto Ahmad Afrianti, Dwi Afrilianti, Azyarah Afrilla, Nurul Agusriani, Uci Ahmad Fadli Ajib, Andi Muhammad Akbar, Anif Aulia Ali, Moh Rizal Alia fitri Alirman, Pidiya Ambtenarie Jessica Sihombing, Ambtenarie Jessica Aminuyati Amraini, Said Jul Amun Amri Anisa, Sufitri Arfah, Rudy Artha, Ulfa Dwi Asrindah, Asrindah Damayanti, Elok Darmawan Darmawan Deliana, Putri Dwifirman, Widya Edi Kurniawan Ekawati, Lestari Fadli, A fatimah Fatimah Fatmawati Fatmawati Fatmawati, Fatmawati Fauzi, Subehan Febye Alfia Azzahra Firmansyah Firmansyah Fitriani Fitriani Hamnah, Hamnah Hapsa, Nur Hara Novarisa Nanda Harsani, Harsani hasdiana, hasdiana Hendri, Zwilla Oktoriana HS, Irdoni. Ida Zahrina Imam Agus Basuki Iradhatullah Rahim Irdoni HS Irdoni Irdoni Irfan Maulana, Irfan Irmayani Irmayani Irwiadi, Irfan Israwati Israwati, Israwati Jahrizal Khairat, Khairat Khofifah Indar Ladung, Fajar Lubis, Apriadi Mahenra, Yusri Mayasari Yamin, Mayasari Mica, Mica MS, Frasucia Aquaviva Muhammad Hatta Muhammad Reza Muhammad Rivai Munir Munir, Munir Musdalifah Musdalifah Nadimisia, Tiara Dwisca Nisa, Fariq Fahrun Nopi Andri Musfa, Nopi Andri Novriyani, Vivi Nufus, Izatun Nurazisah, Nurazisah Nurazizah Nurazizah, Nurazizah Oktaviani, Cindy R Firmansyah Rahmawati Semaun Rahmawati, Rahmawati Ramlayani, Ramlayani Renaldi Renaldi Rismawati Rismawati Romfis, Dio Rubia, Rubia Ruslang T Ruslang T Russita Martani S, Sukri Sampara, Nirwana Sanjaya, Andi Arjuna Sarina Sarina Sa’diyah, Maemunah Septian, Septian Septiana Veronika s, Septiana Veronika Shaleh, Idries Hamidi Sri Nur Qadri Sri Rezeki Muria ST. Nur Halisa Suhardi, Dayu Suhari Suhari Suherman, Suherman Sukardi Sukardi Sukmawati Sukmawati Sumadi, Eko SUSANTO, RENO Syamsiar Zamzam Syamsu Herman Syarfi Daud Syarfi, Syarfi Syarfie, Syarfie Syelvia Putri Utami Syukri, Fitriyani T, Ruslang Tahir, Heriati Umar Umar Untung Suwardoyo W, Ririen Wahdaniyah Wahdaniyah, Wahdaniyah Wardhani, Wardhani Wiranata, Arya Yelmida Azis Yolanda, Putri Gusti Yulia, Indri Yulianto, Farikhatul Akhlis Fahruddin Yunus, Aulia Zuchra Helwani, Zuchra Zuliarti, Indah Zultiniar, Zultiniar