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All Journal Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Jurnal Arbitrer Jurnal Biologi Universitas Andalas Jurnal Riset Industri Hasil Hutan Diglosia: Jurnal Kajian Bahasa, Sastra, dan Pengajarannya Jurnal Sastra Indonesia
Nadra Khairiah
Andalas University
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Education Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Materials Science & Nanotechnology Social Sciences

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Journal : Jurnal Arbitrer

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Phonological Change of Minangkabau Protolanguage in Tanjong Ipoh Isolect, Negeri Sembilan Nadra, Nadra; Aslinda, Aslinda; Zikri, Ahmad
Jurnal Arbitrer Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Masyarakat Linguistik Indonesia Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/ar.12.2.125-137.2025

Abstract

The traces of the Minangkabau language in Negeri Sembilan are evidence that the Minangkabau people not only migrated to the coastal areas of Sumatra but also to the Malay Peninsula. Despite historical evidence linking the Tanjong Ipoh isolect to Minangkabau, the extent of phonological change in this isolect remains undocumented. This study seeks to bridge this gap by systematically analyzing phonological evolution. This study aims to describe the forms and types of phonological changes observed in the Tanjong Ipoh isolect, located in Kuala Pilah, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia. Data were collected through observation and interviews. We interviewed three native speakers of the Tanjong Ipoh isolect, selected through purposive sampling based on linguistic competence and community recognition, who participated in this study. Additionally, we also interview various speakers to help validate the data. We documented the data using both note-taking and recording techniques. We conducted the analysis using a top-down approach by identifying Minangkabau protolanguage (PBM) reflexes in the Tanjong Ipoh isolect. The results are that the vowels that have changed in Tanjong Ipoh isolect are *i, *u, *ə, *e, and *a, while PBM consonants that have changed in Tanjong Ipoh isolect are *t, *k, *s, *R, and *l. PBM consonant changes in the Tanjong Ipoh isolect consistently occur in environments where PBM vowels also change. The study concludes that all sound changes observed in the Tanjong Ipoh isolect are conditioned. Among the types of changes, lenition (weakening) is the most prevalent, with additional changes including assimilation, dissimilation, fortition, diphthongization, splitting, merging, and elimination. The findings align with established phonological theories and contribute to understanding language evolution in migrant communities.
Assimilation of the Batak Angkola Language in Pintu Padang, North Sumatra, Indonesia Nadra, Nadra; Marnita, Rina; Amini, Khofifah Aisyah
Jurnal Arbitrer Vol. 11 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Masyarakat Linguistik Indonesia Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/ar.11.1.29-38.2024

Abstract

The objective of this research is to describe the assimilation process in the Toba Batak language, specifically as it is spoken in Pintu Padang Village, located in North Sumatra, Indonesia. Assimilation is a type of sound change that is not the same to become the same or almost the same. This process can occur between segments in a word and between components in compound words. So, it is essential to formalize it by describing the sound features that undergo these changes. The data was gathered through observation and interviews. Listening to Batak Angkola speakers communicate with one another allowed for observations. Simultaneously, interviews were conducted by directly interviewing informants who were chosen based on particular criteria. Three individuals were interviewed using a structured interview format. In addition, a set of unstructured interviews was carried out with several other speakers. For this purpose, a generative phonology approach is used. Data analysis was carried out by the distributional method with the segmenting immediate constituents technique. After that, the distinctive features of the sound are explained. The results of this research show that assimilation took place in nasal consonants [m], [n], and [ŋ], which met the consonants [k], [p], [s], [t], [l], and [c]. The sounds [m], [n], and [ŋ] appear in the forms [p], [t] and [k], respectively. Then, the sound [n] appears in the form [l] and [c] when it meets the sounds [l] and [c] too. Generally, it can be inferred that sound modifications in the form of assimilation are homorganic.
Co-Authors Amini, Khofifah Aisyah Anggraini, Geni Aslinda, Aslinda Dahelmi Dahelmi Damelza, Dwika Pavina Efri Yades Fajri Usman Ihsan, Hamlan Juwita, Tiara Marnita, Rina Noviatri Noviatri, Noviatri Prabawa, I Dewa Gede Putra Ratri Yuli Lestari, Ratri Yuli Reniwati . reniwati reniwati Risani, Maya Salim, Rais Syamsuardi Syamsuardi Zikri, Ahmad