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All Journal VALENSI JURNAL KIMIA SAINS DAN APLIKASI Jurnal Ilmu Kimia Universitas Brawijaya Indonesian Green Technology Journal Science and Technology Indonesia Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Makara Journal of Science International Journal of Renewable Energy Development
Elvina Dhiaul Iftitah
Department of Chemistry, University of Brawijaya, Jl. Veteran, Malang
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Control & Systems Engineering Earth & Planetary Sciences Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Physics Other

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Synthesis and Optical Properties of Carbon Quantum Dots Based on Terung Dayak (Solanum Ferox) Fruit Juice as Antioxidant and Metal Ion Sensor Ariefin, Mokhamat; Pasaribu, Marvin Horale; Manurung, Tety Wahyuningsih; Hakim, Muh. Supwatul; Iftitah, Elvina Dhiaul; Suma, Joy Angel Aria; Cahyani, Risfiah Ruli
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 28, No 4 (2025): Volume 28 Issue 4 Year 2025
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jksa.28.4.176-182

Abstract

Carbon dots (CDs) are a novel class of carbon-based nanomaterials with diverse applications due to their biocompatibility, optical properties, and chemical stability. This study aims to synthesize CDs from Terung Dayak (Solanum ferox) using a microwave-assisted method and evaluate their optical properties, metal ion sensing capability, and antioxidant activity. The CDs were synthesized with variations in microwave power and citric acid concentration, specifically: CD-a using 1 g citric acid at 600 W, CD-b using 2 g citric acid at 600 W, CD-c using 3 g citric acid at 600 W, and CD-d using 2 g citric acid at 800 W, and then characterized using UV-Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy. The results revealed strong UV absorption with maximum peaks at 250 nm for all CDs synthesized and 275 nm for CD-d, depending on synthesis conditions. The CDs exhibited fluorescence intensity influenced by microwave power, with the highest intensity observed for CDs synthesized at 800 W and 2 g of citric acid. The optical bandgap from UV-Vis spectra, determined via Tauc plot analysis, ranged from 4.03 eV to 4.71 eV, indicating quantum confinement effects for all CDs. Furthermore, CD-d demonstrated selective fluorescence quenching for Fe3+ ions, which quenched the fluorescence of the CD. Antioxidant activity was confirmed via 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, with an IC50 value of 126 ppm for CD-d. These findings highlight the potential of Terung Dayak-derived CDs as multifunctional materials for sensing and antioxidant applications.
Continuous Essential Oil and Oleoresin Extraction from Star Anise (Illicium verum) by Hydrodistillation and Solvent Extraction Miranda, Fitri Ariadna Sodi; Iftitah, Elvina Dhiaul; Warsito, Warsito; Berliana, Adilatunnisa Nur Indah; Seta, Fadhlih Arya
Indonesian Green Technology Journal Vol. 11 No. 2 (2022): Indonesian Green Technology Journal
Publisher : Sekolah Pascasarjana, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.igtj.2022.011.02.03

Abstract

Star anise (Illicium verum) is widely used as a medicinal herb and spice. The extracts, essential oil and oleoresin, can be cici4d produced by hydro-distillation and steam distillation, while solvent and supercritical fluid extraction can be used to extract oleoresin. In this work, the star anise is distilled to obtain the oil, subsequently, its residue is extracted by solvent extraction to get the oleoresin. Whole and grounded star anise fruit is distilled by hydro-distillation for 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24 hours, thus the highest yield is obtained at 20 hours from grounded fruit, and the highest trans-anethole content of 68.50% is obtained at 8 hours from grounded fruit. Residue from the whole fruit-distillation process is extracted by Soxhlet extraction with three types of solvent (ethanol, diethyl ether, and n-hexane) for 6 hours. The highest yield was obtained from ethanol extraction with 1.16% yield and the highest content of trans-anethol was obtained from n-hexane fraction. One sample with the highest content of anethole from whole and grounded fruit-distilled oil and oleoresin are picked, and later they are tested to cici4d measure their antioxidant capacity by Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power Assay (FRAP). Keywords: Essential oil, oleoresin, star anise, trans-anethole
Effect of Citric Acid Cross-Linking on the Functional and Mechanical Properties of Chitosan-Based Edible Films with Aloe vera Gel and Red Ginger Extract Cahayo, Mafud; Iftitah, Elvina Dhiaul; Mardiana, Diah
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 26, No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.105521

Abstract

Chitosan-based edible films (CBEFs) suffer from poor water vapor barrier and mechanical properties. This study investigated the effect of citric acid cross-linking and bioactive additives, including Aloe vera gel (AVG) and red ginger extract (RGE), on the physicochemical, functional, structural, and thermal properties of CBEFs. Eight formulations were prepared by dissolving 1% chitosan in either 1.25% acetic acid (A1 series) or 1.25% citric acid (A2 series), with or without the addition of 30% AVG, 0.25% RGE, or both. RGE significantly enhanced antioxidant capacity, especially in non-cross-linked CBEFs (max. 61.2-fold). Citric acid cross-linking improved film thickness and elongation, while reducing WVTR, and slightly decreased antioxidant capacity. FTIR and FE-SEM suggested that RGE primarily interacted via hydrogen bonding and ionic interactions, reinforcing the film matrix. All formulations exhibited antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Xanthomonas campestris. Thermal analysis revealed that A2C3 exhibited the highest Tmax (340 °C) and a pronounced high-temperature endothermic peak (~536.8 °C), indicating superior thermal stability. When applied to cherry tomatoes, A2C3 reduced weight loss (5.27%) and preserved vitamin C (11.2 mg/100 g) over 18 days without affecting sensory acceptance. These findings highlight A2C3 as a promising natural film and coating for the preservation of fresh produce.
Immobilized L-arginine on methacrylate polymer as reusable heterogeneous catalyst for crude palm oil transesterification Erwanto, Erwanto; Warsito, Warsito; Sabarudin, Akhmad; Mardiana, Diah; Iftitah, Elvina Dhiaul
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 15, No 3 (2026): May 2026
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy (CBIORE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61435/ijred.2026.61761

Abstract

The development of enviromentally friendly and reusable heterogenous catalyst has attracted significant attention for sustainable biodiesel production from low-cost feedstocks such as crude palm oil (CPO). This study aims to synthesize and evaluate an L-arginine immobilized methacrylate-based porous polymer as an efficient and reusable heterogenous base catalyst for CPO transesterification. In this study, a porous polymer synthesized from glycidyl methacrylate (GM) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGD), denoted as poly(GM-co-EGD), was employed as a support matrix for L-arginine immobilization to develop an efficient heterogeneous base catalyst for the transesterification of CPO. The catalyst was prepared via free radical polymerization followed by covalent immobilization of L-arginine onto the porous polymer framework. FESEM analysis revealed a well-developed interconnected porous morphology, which was further supported by textural characterization showing a high BET surface area of 650 m² g⁻¹ and a total pore volume of 2.07 cm³ g⁻¹. FTIR spectra confirmed the successful chemical bonding between L-arginine and the polymer matrix. Thermogravimetric analysis indicated good thermal stability of the polymeric catalyst up to 120 °C, suitable for transesterification conditions. The basic strength evaluated using Hammett indicators showed moderate-to-strong basicity (9.9 < H_ < 12), while quantitative back titration with benzoic acid revealed that the catalyst with a poly(GM-co-EGD):L-arginine ratio of 1:2 exhibited the highest total basicity of 1.01 mmol g⁻¹. Process optimization using Response Surface Methodology with a Box–Behnken design produced a highly accurate quadratic model (R² = 0.9992). Under optimal conditions, a biodiesel yield of 82.34 ± 1.08% was achieved, consistent with model predictions. The catalyst maintained stable performance over five consecutive cycles, demonstrating its potential as a green and sustainable catalyst for biodiesel production from CPO.
Physicochemical Properties and Antibacterial Activity of Kaffir Lime Oil Emulsion Applicable to Baverage Product Windrayan Pambudi, Vincentius Johar; Iftitah, Elvina Dhiaul; Mardiana, Diah
Indonesian Green Technology Journal Vol. 11 No. 1 (2022): Indonesian Green Technology Journal
Publisher : Sekolah Pascasarjana, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.igtj.2022.011.01.02

Abstract

Essential oil inside beverage emulsion became an interesting subject to get a new value for the fast-moving customer goods (FMCG) market. In this study, kaffir lime oil (KFO) antibacterial test on formulation and physicochemical properties of kaffir lime oil in water beverage emulsions was investigated. The main ingredients of beverage emulsions are water, high fructose corn syrup (HFCS), Arabic gum as an emulsifier, vitamin E, and kaffir lime oil as flavoring and antibacterial. KFO composition used instrument with Stability of oil-in-water emulsion was observed by measuring physicochemical properties: turbidity, alkalinity, and conductivity. GC-MS characterization on kaffir lime essential oils revealed the top three components, i.e., citronella (46,47%), citronellol (12,22%), and citronellyl acetate (6,48%). FT-IR KFO spectrum had absorbance at 1726 (C=O stretching), 2922, and 2874 cm-1 (C-H stretching from aldehyde). Absorbance was also present on 1454 and 1379 cm-1 (C=C stretching) wavelengths, resembling citronella. Gum arabic with R−S(=O)₂−OH  group addition reduced pH value to 1.1 on each composition addition and increased conductivity by 317.3 μS/cm. Fructose addition reduced the value by 153.4 μS/cm. Turbidity value increased averagely by 46,9 NTU, then reduced by 14,4 NTU. Citronellal in KFO could hinder e-coli bacterial growth and had an alt value >72 CFU/mL. This formulation study produces a beverage product with pH, conductivity, and turbidity values following the standard and has criteria under the microbiological contamination limit of BPOM and SNI standards. Keywords: emulsified beverage, kaffir lime oil, physicochemical properties, stability, perception
The Activity of Lipase From Jatropha Seed (Jatropha Curcas L.) And Its Application On Hydrolysis of Castor Oil In Organic Solvent Faradis, Taritsu Hazal; Srihardyastutie, Arie; Iftitah, Elvina Dhiaul
Indonesian Green Technology Journal Vol. 11 No. 2 (2022): Indonesian Green Technology Journal
Publisher : Sekolah Pascasarjana, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.igtj.2022.011.02.02

Abstract

Jatropha curcas L. is one of the seed plants that have lipase activity and can work well in hydrolysis reactions and chemical synthesis. This study aims to determine lipase activity that reacts with castor oil in organic solvents. In this research, organic solvents, especially hydrophobic solvents, were used in the hydrolysis reaction to increase lipase's catalytic activity. The organic solvent used has a hydrophobicity level between 2 and 4, namely hexane. The research stages consisted of lipase isolation, lipase assay, the effect of adding metal ions assay, and analysis of the compound of castor oil. The results showed that jatropha seeds had lipase activity in crude of 0.603 U/mL and increased to 0.911 U/mL after the addition of K+. The result of hydrolysis and transesterification of castor oil by lipase is ricinoleic acid (4,58%) and methyl ricinoleic (11,67%), and the concentration of ricinoleic acid (17.09%) and methyl ricinoleic (60.83%) were increased after addition of K+. The esterification reaction produces alkyl ester compounds such as methyl palmitate, ethyl pentadecanoate, methyl linoleate, methyl oleate, and methyl stearate. The lipase isolated from jatropha seeds not only catalyzes the hydrolysis reaction but also catalyzes chemical synthesis reactions such as esterification and transesterification. Keywords: lipase enzyme, Jatropha seeds, isolation, biocatalyst, hexane.
Co-Authors A.A. Ketut Agung Cahyawan W Akhmad Sabarudin Arie Srihardyastutie Berliana, Adilatunnisa Nur Indah Cahayo, Mafud Cahyani, Risfiah Ruli Damiana Nofita Birhi Diah Mardiana Erwanto Faradis, Taritsu Hazal Hakim, Muh. Supwatul Hidayatul Mustafidah Indah Nur Pramesti Khoirun Nisyak Marvin Horale Pasaribu Miranda, Fitri Ariadna Sodi Moh. Farid Rahman Mokhamat Ariefin Pertiwi, Gilly Putri Pratama, Safreno Panggih Putri, Aufy Nuraini Rachmat Triandi Tjahjanto Seta, Fadhlih Arya Siti Mariyah Ulfa Soesantyo, Adi Kurnia Suma, Joy Angel Aria Suratmo Suratmo Tety Wahyuningsih Manurung Warsito Warsito Windrayan Pambudi, Vincentius Johar Wulandari, Ivtarina