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All Journal Jurnal Penelitian Sains Journal of Technomaterial Physics Jurnal Polimesin Recent in Engineering Science and Technology
Nanik Indayaningsih
Research Center For Physics-LIPI Kawasan Puspiptek Serpong 15314, Tangerang Selatan
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Synthesis of Conductive Carbon Sheet From Coconut Fiber with the Addition of Potassium Hydroxide (KOH) Activator Sinaga, Dian Surya; Indayaningsih, Nanik
Journal of Technomaterial Physics Vol. 4 No. 1 (2022): Journal of Technomaterial Physics
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jotp.v4i1.8177

Abstract

Research has been carried out on manufacturing conductive carbon sheets using carbon as raw material from coconut fiber with a Potassium Hydroxide (KOH) activator. First, activation was carried out using 1000 ml of 6M KOH solution mixed with 100 grams of carbon at 100℃ for 72 hours. Next, the carbon is pyrolyzed at temperatures of 900℃, 1100℃, and 1300℃ for 2 hours. Next, the pyrolysis carbon was washed with 2M HCl for 24 hours and washed with distilled water until the pH was neutral. Electrical resistance measurements were made with torque variations of 10, 20, and 30 kgf. cm using the four-point probe method, then the conductivity value was calculated. Finally, carbon characterization was carried out using the XRD tool. The increase in pyrolysis temperature causes the carbon conductivity to increase, which is 2.3855- 4.2340 S/cm at 900℃ and 6.8203-11.4577 S/cm at 1300℃. XRD analysis showed a sharp and narrow increase in diffraction peaks with each increase in pyrolysis temperature, indicating that carbon has a crystal structure close to graphite which is more ordered than carbon without an activator.
Bahasa Inggris Pramono, Agus Edy; Setyadi, Iman; Zuhri, Aminudin; Dewi, Anissa Puspa; Indayaningsih, Nanik
Recent in Engineering Science and Technology Vol. 3 No. 02 (2025): RiESTech Volume 3 No. 02 Years 2025
Publisher : MBI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59511/riestech.v3i2.95

Abstract

This paper compares the electrical conductivity of LLDPE-carbon composite materials, LLDPE-carbon-aluminum composites, and LLDPE-carbon-copper composites. Doping with aluminum (Al) and copper (Cu) metal powders influences electrical conductivity in carbon-based polymer composite materials. Adding metal powders as secondary fillers to a mixture of conductive carbon powders and LLDPE can decrease electrical conductivity. This is due to the agglomeration or clustering of metal powders within the polymer matrix, which disrupts conductive pathways and diminishes the efficiency of electrical charge transfer. The impact of filler type and quantity on electrical conductivity in composite materials was examined, and the findings revealed that factors such as the filler's amount, shape, and dispersal significantly affect the composite's electrical resistance properties. Increasing the amount of metal powder filler raises the composite's viscosity, reducing adhesion between the metal and polymer fillers while promoting metal-to-metal contacts.
Pembuatan Karbon Serat Sabut Kelapa dan Pengujian Konduktivitas Listriknya Naibaho, Marzuki; Fauzi, Nanang; Puspita, Endah; Bama, Akhmad Aminuddin; Ramlan, Ramlan; Indayaningsih, Nanik
Jurnal Penelitian Sains Vol 24, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Mathtmatics and Natural Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (515.177 KB) | DOI: 10.56064/jps.v24i2.690

Abstract

Telah dibuat karbon serat serabut kelapa dengan menggunakan metode pirolisi menggunakan suhu 900oC and 1300oC . Serat sabut kelapa di karbonisasi dengan suhu 500oC selama 1 jam dengan suasana inert gas N2. Selanjutnya karbon yang dibuat kemudian direndam dalam larutan KOH 25% selama 24 jam di suhu ruang, lalu dilakukan pengeringan. Pada tahap berikutnya, karbon dipirolisis dalam suasana inert gas, dengan kecepatan kenaikan suhu 5oC/menit sampai pada suhu 900 oC, ditahan selama waktu 2 jam. Perendaman kedua dilakukan dengan menggunakan HCl 2 M selama 24 jam, tiap 30 menit diaduk dengan magnetic stirer, kemudian karbon tersebut dicuci dengan menggunakan aquades sampai mendekati pH netral, lalu ditiriskan dan dikeringkan di dalam oven dengan suhu 60oC. Selanjutnya dilakukan pengujian  konduktivitas listrik.
The investigation of the properties of filaments fabricated from carbon biomass and LLDPE Pramono, Agus Edy; Patrick, Yohannes; Zuhri, Aminudin; Setiyadi, Iman; Maksum, Ahmad; Indayaningsih, Nanik; Subyakto, Subyakto
Jurnal Polimesin Vol 22, No 4 (2024): August
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30811/jpl.v22i4.5084

Abstract

This study aims to develop composites using electrically conductive carbon and polymer polyethylene (LLDPE) to enhance electrical conductivity. Investigations have been conducted on the fabrication of electrically conductive composites and the modulus of elasticity through heat compaction using mixtures of carbon-LLDPE powders. Heat compaction is performed at temperatures ranging from 120°C to 150°C, with varying composition ratios of carbon-LLDPE, including 50:50, 60:40, and 70:30 % wt. Higher proportions of carbon and compaction temperatures are correlated with increased electrical conductivity. For instance, the C7-3LLDPE composite, compacted at 150°C, demonstrates the highest electrical current flow of 0.0018 A, whereas the C5-5LLDPE composite, compacted at 135°C, exhibits the lowest current flow at 0.0000638 A. Regarding the modulus of elasticity, the composition ratio of C7-3LLDPE, compacted at 120°C, achieves the highest value at 2686.43 [N/mm2 ]. Conversely, the composition ratio of C5-5LLDPE, compacted at 135°C, yields the lowest modulus of elasticity at 1530.94 [N/mm2 ]. Elasticity modulus testing follows the ASTM D638 standard, with a speed of 2 mm/min. It is observed that increasing the compaction temperature results in a decreased modulus of elasticity across all composition ratios. Furthermore, a higher carbon content within the composite corresponds to a higher modulus of elasticity, regardless of the compaction temperature.
Study on the impact of natural graphite amount and dispersion on the electrical performance of PET/graphite composites Pramono, Agus Edy; Dewi, Anissa Puspa; Nufus, Tatun Hayatun; Indayaningsih, Nanik
Jurnal Polimesin Vol 23, No 3 (2025): June
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30811/jpl.v23i3.6872

Abstract

Polymer composites have experienced rapid development in recent decades due to their ability to integrate mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties tailored for specific applications. One of the major challenges in polymer development is improving electrical conductivity, as most polymers are inherently insulating. To address this, various conductive fillers such as carbon black, graphite, carbon nanotubes, and graphene have been utilized. This study investigates the effect of natural graphite loading on the electrical conductivity, microstructure, and porosity of virgin Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) composites. Composites containing 10%, 20%, and 30% graphite by weight were fabricated using the hot compaction method. Morphological analysis via Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) revealed that higher graphite content enhances filler connectivity, with the formation of conductive pathways beginning at 20% and a continuous network forming at 30%, despite some agglomeration and weak interfacial bonding. Density measurements and porosity analysis indicated that increasing graphite content leads to greater porosity, with the 30% composite reaching 19.68%. Electrical conductivity increased significantly with increasing graphite loading, exhibiting a transition from insulating to conductive behavior. The percolation threshold was identified at approximately 13.2 wt%, with conductivity rising from 0.00347 S/m at 10 wt% to 6.97 S/m at 30 wt%, consistent with classical percolation theory. These findings demonstrate that natural graphite is an effective conductive filler for PET-based composites and that its content must be optimized to balance conductivity with structural integrity.
Co-Authors Ahmad Maksum Akhmad Aminuddin Bama, Akhmad Aminuddin Dewi, Anissa Puspa Fauzi, Nanang Naibaho, Marzuki Patrick, Yohannes Pramono, Agus Edy Puspita, Endah Ramlan, H. Setiyadi, Iman Setyadi, Iman Sinaga, Dian Surya Subyakto Subyakto Tatun Hayatun Nufus Zuhri, Aminudin