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THE "CLASS" DISSENSION OF COLONIAL PERIOD IN SUNDANESE NOVELS: REVIEW OF IDENTITY POLITICS Asep Yusup Hudayat
LITERA Vol 19, No 2: LITERA JULI 2020
Publisher : Faculty of Languages and Arts, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/ltr.v19i2.33131

Abstract

The culture of feudalism and democracy in the Dutch East Indies agreed to oppose one another. The intersection of the two cultures is the perspective of indigenous and colonial identity which ultimately demands a struggle to demand its "class" rights. The struggle for narratives of power was inevitable. The first Sundanese novel Baruang ka nu Ngarora “Poison for the Youth” (1914) by D.K. Ardiwinata and Gogoda ka nu Ngarora “Temptations for the Youth”(1951) as a novel response from M.A. Salmun has shown these oppositional phenomena. This study aims to trace the struggle for narration that has implications for identity politics in the Dutch East Indies colonial period. The method used in this study is descriptive analysis from the perspective of postcolonial studies. From a postcolonial perspective, literary works have become an important means for tracking colonialism practices where the narratives of dominant and defensive forces are nested. The results of the analysis show that the narrative of class disagreement in Gogoda ka nu Ngarora is used as a motive for empowering the spirit of democracy, in Baruang ka nu Ngarora, is used as a motive for the assertion of partiality towards feudal culture. Through the spirit of democracy, the struggle for identity politics was built by M.A. Salmun in Gogoda ka nu Ngarora to rejects feudal ideologies. Through a feudal spirit, identity politics was built D.K. Ardiwinata in Baruang ka nu Ngarora to establishing class identity.Keywords: identity politics, class, native, colonialPERTENTANGAN "KELAS" PADA MASA KOLONIAL DALAM NOVEL SUNDA: TINJAUAN POLITIK IDENTITASAbstrak Budaya feodalisme dan budaya demokratis pada masa kolonial Hindia Belanda seringkali menunjukkan pertentangan satu dengan lainnya. Persinggungan kedua budaya tersebut dipengaruhi sudut pandang tentang identitas pribumi dan kolonial yang akhirnya memicu perjuangan menuntut hak-hak "kelas"-nya. Perebutan narasi kekuasaan pun tidak dapat dihindarkan. Novel Sunda pertama Baruang ka nu Ngarora (1914) karangan D.K. Ardiwinata dan novel sambutannya Gogoda ka nu Ngarora (1951) karangan M.A. Salmun telah menunjukkan fenomena-fenomena pertentangannya tersebut. Studi ini bertujuan menjejak perebutan narasi yang berimplikasi kepada upaya politik identitas pada masa kolonial Hindia Belanda. Metode yang digunakan dalam studi ini adalah deskriptif analisis dalam perspektif studi postkolonial. Berdasarkan perspektif postkolonial, karya sastra menjadi sarana penting untuk menjejak praktik kolonialisme tempat bersarangnya narasi-narasi kekuasaan dominan dan perlawanannya. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa narasi pertentangan kelas dalam Gogoda ka nu Ngarora digunakan sebagai motif pemberdayaan semangat demokrasi, dalam Baruang ka nu Ngarora digunakan sebagai motif penegas keberpihakan terhadap budaya feodal. Melalui semangat demokrasi, upaya politik identitas dibangun M.A. Salmun dalam Gogoda ka nu Ngarora untuk menolak ideologi-ideologi feodal. Melalui semangat feodal, politik identitas dibangun D.K. Ardiwinata dalam Baruang ka nu Ngarora untuk mengukuhkan identitas kelas.Kata kunci: politik identitas, kelas, pribumi, kolonial
LOKALITAS DAN KECERDASAN BUDAYA DALAM PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER Asep Yusup Hudayat
FKIP e-PROCEEDING 2017: SEMINAR NASIONAL #3: BAHASA DAN SASTRA INDONESIA DALAM KONTEKS GLOBAL
Publisher : Pendidikan Fisika FKIP UNEJ

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Setiap suku bangsa memiliki nilai-nilai kerifan lokal yang terkandung di setiap sendi kehidupan tradisonalnya. Penerapan nilainilai kearifan di era global tentu menjadi sangat penting dalam upaya memperkuat karakter bangsa.  Nilai-nilai kearifan lokal  menyangkut silih asah, silih asih, dan silih asuh yang merupakan warisan kecerdasan budaya leluhur bangsa Indonesia akan menempati fungsi nyatanya dalam geliat globalisasi. Menyangkut penerapan nilai yang dimaksud, kecerdasan budaya „cultural intelligence‟ menjadi penting untuk diberdayakan dalam pengajaran bahasa dan sastra yang dimungkinkan peserta didiknya berlatar belakang budaya heterogen sehingga penerapan pembelajaran berbasis kecerdasan budaya menjadi sangat penting. Makalah ini memusatkan perhatian kepada penjejakan andil nilai-nilai kearifan lokal berbasis kecerdasan budaya dalam pembentukan karakter peserta didik. Tujuan utama makalah ini adalah memetakan secara konseptual makna-makna hubungan kecerdasan kultural dengan nilai-nilai kearifan lokal untuk menakar identitas bangsa. Menurut Barker (2005: 15)  identitas itu diciptakan dan bukan ditemukan dan terbentuk dari representasirepresentasinya. Dengan demikian, identitas kebangsan yang dapat dijejak melalui nilai-nilai kearifan lokal pun berada dalam kapasitas pengkonstruksiannya secara kultural. Identitas pun terbentuk melalui representasi-representasinya. Metode yang digunakan dalam kepentingan menjejak andil nilai-nilai kearifan lokal tersebut adalah metode dialektika. Hasil yang diharapkan dari makalah ini adalah pemetaan makna-makna hubungan kecerdasan kultural dengan nilainilai kearifan lokal melalui ekspresi dan sumber-sumber maknanya. Kata Kunci: lokalitas, kecerdasan budaya, identitas, pendidikan karakter 
Perempuan, Alam, Siluman, dan Tabu dalam Novel Burak Siluman Karya Moh. Ambri: Tinjauan Realisme Magis Asep Yusup Hudayat
Tsaqofah Vol. 19 No. 02 (2021): December 2021
Publisher : Departement of History and Islamic Civilization, Faculty of Ushuluddin and Adab, State Islamic University of Sultan Maulana Hasanuddin Banten, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32678/tsaqofah.v19i02.5482

Abstract

Women, nature, ghost, and taboo are the main discourses related to magical realism in “Burak Siluman”, a novel by Moh. Ambri. In Burak Siluman, women (the main sign) were connected to the discourse of nature, ghost, and taboo. In it, women represent the suppressed desires of the lower class for wealth, position, honor wrapped in narratives of fascination, search, wandering, misfortune, and a curse. Discourses on the supernatural, half-ghost, and taboo legends in the novel are important traditional realities that are studied and seen by the workings of the concepts of magical realism in the colonial period of the Dutch East Indies. The main problem is: how does the concept of magical realism affect the construction of the world (physical and supernatural), especially related to ghost and taboo narratives in “Burak Siluman”. Thus, the main objective of this research is the interaction of the influence of magical realism on narratives construction related to women, nature, ghost, and taboo. To resolve the issue, the concept of contemporary magical realism is used from a postcolonial perspective. The results of this study is the placement of the "between" space (magic in rational) which is represented in the wandering figure is the core idea of ​​magical realism in “Burak Siluman”.
PERJUANGAN PEREMPUAN SANTANA MASA KOLONIAL DALAM NOVEL GOGODA KA NU NGARORA KARYA M.A. SALMUN Asep Yusup Hudayat
JENTERA: Jurnal Kajian Sastra Vol 10, No 1 (2021): Jentera: Jurnal Kajian Sastra
Publisher : Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26499/jentera.v10i1.3536

Abstract

Artikel ini mengungkap perjuangan perempuan santana (kelas menengah) pada masa kolonial yang direpresentasikan dalam novel Gogoda ka nu Ngarora karya M.A. Salmun. Perjuangan perempuan santana  tidak saja melekat kepada upaya pembebasan diri dari banyak kungkungan patriarki tetapi juga ditunjukkan melalui cara perempuan santana menempatkan diri sebagai subjek yang “belajar” dari budaya kolonial. Budaya kolonial diterima perempuan santana untuk mengembangkan wawasannya, juga dijadikan sebagai sumber-sumber peniruan. Gogoda ka nu Ngarora “Godaan bagi Kaula Muda” karya M.A. Salmun yang berkisah tentang kaum pribumi pada tahun 1870-an hingga 1880-an merepresentasikan perjuangan perempuan santana dalam kungkungan feodalisme melalui penerimaan atas modernitas yang dibawa pihak kolonial. Cara-cara penerimaan perempuan santana yang dipicu kesadaran untuk menuntut hak-haknya dalam semangat demokrasi menjadi penting untuk dijejak berdasarkan perspektif postkolonial. Berdasarkan perspektif postkolonial, Bhaba (dalam Loomba, 2003: 229-236) menyebutkan bahwa wacana kolonial mendorong subjek terjajah untuk 'meniru' penjajah, dengan mengadopsi budaya, kebiasaan, asumsi, dan nilai-nilai yang hasilnya tidak pernah sederhana menyangkut reproduksi sifat-sifat. Tiruannya bersifat kabur dan tidak pernah jauh dari ejekan atau parodi dalam ketidakpastian kontrol perilaku terjajah (pribumi) dalam dominasi kolonial. Dengan demikian, masalah pokok yang akan dijawab dalam penelitian  ini  adalah bagaimana perempuan santana mengadopsi dan mengekspresikan kebudayaan kolonial dalam kepentingan perjuangan menuntut hak-haknya melalui pengungkapan praktik mimikri yang dilakukan perempuan santana pribumi secara dialektis. Hasil penelitian ini adalah perempuan santana ditempatkan dalam Gogoda ka nu Ngarora untuk menyangkal dan menggugat  kesewenangan kaum ménak. Adapun kaum ménak yang dilemahkan adalah bentuk pembelaan Salmun terhadap santana dan cacah. Semangat meruntuhkan penindasan kaum ménak dilakukan perempuan santana melalui mimikri yang mengarah kepada tindakan mengolok-olok kaum ménak sekaligus untuk menggangu otoritas utama, yaitu kolonial. Kata kunci: perempuan, kelas menengah, mimikri, kolonial  AbstractThis article aims to describe the ‘santana’ (middle class) women's struggle during the colonial period as represented in the novel “Gogoda ka nu Ngarora” by M.A. Salmun. The ‘santana’ women's struggle was related to efforts to free themselves from many patriarchal confinements. This is also shown by the way that ‘santana’ women positioned themselves as subjects who "learned" from colonial culture. The colonial culture was accepted by ‘santana’ women in developing their horizons, also colonial culture was used as sources of imitation. “Gogoda ka nu Ngarora” "Temptation for Youths" by M.A. Salmun, which tells the story of the natives from the 1870s to 1880s, represents the struggle of ‘santana’ women in the confines of feudalism through acceptance of modernity brought by the colonial side. The ways of accepting ‘santana’ women which are triggered by awareness to demand their rights in the spirit of democracy are important to be traced based on a post-colonial perspective. Based on a post-colonial perspective, Homi Bhabha (in Loomba, 2003: 229-236) states that colonial discourse encourages colonized subjects to 'imitate' the colonizer, by adopting culture, habits, assumptions, and values whose results are never simple regarding the reproduction of traits. Its imitation is vague and is never far from ridicule or parody of the uncertainty of control over the behavior of the colonized (natives) in colonial domination. Thus, the main problem that will be answered in this article is how ‘santana’ women adopted and expressed colonial culture in the interests of struggling to claim their rights through dialectical disclosure of mimicry practices carried out by indigenous ‘santana’ women. The result of this research is that ‘santana’ women are placed in “Gogoda ka nu Ngarora” to deny and sue the abuses of men. As for the people who are weakened, they are defending M.A. Salmun for ‘santana’ and ‘cacah’ (low class). The spirit of overthrowing the oppression of the aristocracy was carried out by ‘santana’ women through mimicry which resulted in the act of mocking the aristocracy as well as disturbing the main authority, namely the colonial. Keywords: women, middle class, mimicry, colonial
LANDSCAPE AND THE SILENCE OF COLONIALISM NARRATIVE IN THE FIRST SUNDANESE NOVEL (1914) Asep Yusup Hudayat; Lina Meilinawati; Teddi Muhtadin
Prosiding Seminar Nasional dan Internasional HISKI 2020: 29TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON LITERATURE AND HISKI 36TH ANNIVERSARY IN GORONTALO 2020 (Lite
Publisher : Himpunan Sarjana-Kesusastraan Indonesia (HISKI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37905/psni.v0i0.56

Abstract

The landscape (nature and domestic space) in the first Sundanese novel (1914) Baruang ka nu Ngarora” Poison for the Youth”, which was published during the colonial period of the Dutch East Indies, can be interpreted as ambiguous, which has the potential to show a palimpsest. The reasons are (1) the landscape (especially nature) in the novel has an atmosphere of silence, (2) the atmosphere cannot be interpreted as peaceful, but how the problems surrounding the practice of colonialism are likely to be hidden, diverted, or even interpreted, and (3) the landscape has the potential as a layered text based on memory traces inherent in narratives about the changing natural landscapes and domestic space. Thus, this study aims to uncover the potential of landscapes as areas of hiding, diversifying, and suppressing the narratives of colonialism. The approach used for this purpose is postcolonial. From a postcolonial perspective, Loomba (2003: 92-93) states that literature is also an important means of taking, reversing, or opposing the dominant colonial means and ideologies. This study also uses the palimpsest concept to show the overlapping phenomenon of pre-colonial and colonial narratives in the natural landscape and domestic space, which indicates the hidden narrative of colonialism behind this background. The result of this research is the silence of the narrative of colonialism in the background of natural landscapes and domestic space which is constructed as hiding and transferring of colonialism narratives.