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Dewa Ayu Agus Sri Laksmi
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Dentistry Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health

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Seroprevalens serta faktor-faktor risiko toksoplasmosis pada penduduk di Desa Kubu Kabupaten Karangasem Bali Laksmi, Dewa Ayu; Sudarmaja, I Made; Swastika, I Kadek; Damayanti, Putu Ayu Asri; Diarthini, Ni Luh Putu Eka
Medicina Vol 47 No 1 (2016): Januari 2016
Publisher : Medicina

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (382.586 KB)

Abstract

Toksoplasmosis menjadi salah satu masalah kesehatan masyarakat di seluruh dunia karena dapat menyebabkan kelainan kongenital pada neonatus. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan prevalens dan mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor risiko toksoplasmosis pada penduduk di Desa Kubu Karangasem. Sampel serum dikumpulkan dari penduduk di beberapa banjar secara consecutive. Kuesioner diberikan untuk memperoleh data tentang demografi dan faktor risiko toksoplasmosis. Faktor risiko yang diteliti adalah kontak dengan tanah, kebiasaan pola makan termasuk konsumsi daging mentah atau setengah matang, sayuran yang tidak dicuci, dan sumber air minum. Besar sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 106 orang dengan usia rerata 45,20 (SB 17,03) tahun. Prevalens IgG anti-Toksoplasma gondii di Kabupaten Kubu adalah 13,2%. Seroprevalens tertinggi toksoplasmosis dalam penelitian ini adalah 20%, ditemukan pada usia 50-59 tahun. Prevalens kelompok usia reproduksi (20-49 tahun) pada populasi penelitian adalah 15%. Faktor risiko yang signifikan terkait dengan toksoplasmosis adalah sumber air minum. Disimpulkan bahwa seroprevalens toksoplasmosis pada penduduk di Desa Kubu Kabupaten Karangasem Bali sebesar 13,3%, dan sumber air minum merupakan faktor risiko yang terkait. Toxoplasmosis has become one of public health problem worldwide because it can cause congenital malformation in newborn. The objective of this study was to determine the seroprevalence and to identify risk factors of toxoplasmosis in population of Kubu district Karangasem. We collected serum samples consecutively from resident of several banjar in Kubu. A questionnaire was administered to elicit data on demographics and practices considered to be risk factors for toxoplasmosis. Risk factor that had been evaluated in this study were contact with soil, food pattern habits including consumption of rare/ improperly cooked meat and unwashed vegetables, drinking water sources. The total sample in this study were 106 people with an average age of 45.20 (SD 17,03) years. Seroprevalence of IgG anti- Toksoplasma gondii in Kubu district was 13.2%. The highest seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis in this study was 20%, found in the age 50-59 years. The prevalence of reproductive age group (20-49 years ) in the study population was 15%. Risk factors significant associated with toxoplasmosis was source of drinking water. We conclude that seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis in population of Kubu district Karangasem was 13.2%, and source of drinking water was a significant risk factor.
PERBANDINGAN PENDEKATAN BELAJAR (LEARNING APPROACHES) MAHASISWA TAHUN PERTAMA DAN TAHUN KETIGA FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UNIVERSITAS UDAYANA Made Indira Dianti Sanjiwani; Ni Putu Wardani; Ni Luh Putu Eka Diarthini; Dewa Ayu Agus Sri Laksemi
E-Jurnal Medika Udayana Vol 10 No 10 (2021): Vol 10 No 10(2021): E-Jurnal Medika Udayana
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/MU.2021.V10.i10.P13

Abstract

Learning approach is a method applied by individuals in studying material to achieve learning outcomes. Learning approaches can be classified into surface, deep, and strategic learning approach. Changes in the learning environment may affect the learning process of a student. This is prone to occur in first-year medical students who are experiencing a transition from high school education to university. The purpose of this study was to explore the comparison of the learning approaches used by first and third-year medical students. This study is an analytical study with a cross-sectional approach using the Indonesian version of The Approaches and Study Skills Inventory for Students (ASSIST) questionnaire. The sample collection technique used random sampling method with a sample size of 216 students. The collected data were analyzed in univariate and bivariate ways using a computer program. Respondents ranging from 18 to 22 years old and most of them were females (66.2%). First-year student respondents were 106 people (49.1%) and third-year students were 110 people (50.9%). Comparative analysis for categorical data was carried out using the chi-square test and obtained p-value = 0.011 (p <0.05), indicates that there is a significant difference between the types of learning approaches of first and third-year medical students. Third-year students were found to have a deep learning approach dominantly, while first-year students have a surface learning approach dominantly. Further research related to learning approaches should be carried out as a contribution to the curriculum formation process and may encourage students to adopt a good learning approach
HUBUNGAN PERILAKU HIGIENITAS DIRI DAN SANITASI SEKOLAH DENGAN INFEKSI SOIL TRANSMITTED HELMINTHS PADA SISWA KELAS III-VI SEKOLAH DASAR NEGERI NO. 5 DELOD PEKEN TABANAN TAHUN 2014 Ni Luh Gede Dian Ratna Dewi; Dewa Ayu Agus Sri Laksmi
E-Jurnal Medika Udayana Vol 6 No 5 (2017): E-jurnal medika udayana
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

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Abstract

Infeksi kecacingan yang disebabkan oleh soil transmitted helminths (STH) merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat Indonesia. Infeksi soil transmitted helminths sangat sering ditemui di Asia Tenggara termasuk Indonesia. Letak geografis Indonesia yang beriklim tropis sesuai untuk perkembangan parasit. Tujuan dari dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara perilaku higienitas diri dan sanitasi sekolah dengan kejadian infeksi soil transmitted helminths di Sekolah Dasar No. 5 Delod Peken Tabanan. Penelitian ini merupakan studi analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cross-sectional untuk menilai hubungan penyakit kecacingan akibat infeksi soil transmitted helminths (STH) dengan perilaku higienis dan sanitasi sekolah. Dari 105 sampel, didapatkan prevalensi infeksi kecacingan STH sebesar 7,6%. Berdasarkan jenis cacing, infeksi terbanyak terjadi karena Trichuris trichiura (55,6%), Hookworm (22,2%), Enterobius vermicularis (11,1%), dan Ascaris lumbricoides (11,1%). Sebagian besar anak tergolong dengan higenitas baik (65,7%), sementara 34,3% tergolong dengan higenitas buruk. Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara higenitas diri dengan infeksi STH (P=0,012), dimana faktor yang mempengaruhi adalah aktifitas mencuci tangan (P=0,001) dan kontak dengan tanah (P=0,003). Sementara tidak didapatkan hubungan infeksi STH dengan jenis kelamin (P=1), penggunaan alas kaki (P=0,333), dan kebersihan kuku (P=0,141).  
Risk factors of soil transmitted helminth infection among primary school students I Gede Gita Sastrawan; Jordaniel Setiabudi; Ni Putu Sanjiwani; Ni Komang Indriyani; Dewa Ayu Laksemi
Health Science Journal of Indonesia Vol 11 No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Sekretariat Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/hsji.v11i2.2885

Abstract

Latar belakang: Infeksi kronis dari soil transmitted helminth (STH) dapat menyebabkan gangguan gizi, pertumbuhan dan kognitif pada anak. Untuk mengurangi dampak infeksi STH, diperlukan identifikasi faktor risiko. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan infeksi STH pada siswa sekolah dasar di Desa Seraya Timur, Karangasem, Bali. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain potong lintang dengan mengambil total sampel. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari 2020. Data primer mengenai faktor-faktor risiko infeksi STH dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Diagnosis infeksi STH dilakukan dengan pemeriksaan tinja dengan metode Kato-Katz. Analisis data menggunakan uji chi-square untuk menentukan faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan infeksi STH. Hasil: Sebanyak 83 siswa yang berusia 6-12 tahun berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini. Terdapat 9 siswa (10.84%) yang terinfeksi STH dengan intensitas infeksi ringan. Sebanyak 55.56% terinfeksi Trichuris trichiura, 33.33% terinfeksi Ascaris lumbricoides dan 11.11% terinfeksi cacing tambang. Terdapat beberapa faktor risiko yang memiliki hubungan bermakna dengan infeksi STH diantaranya adalah sering bermain tanah (OR=6.86; 95%CI 1.326-35.494), bermain tanpa alas kaki (OR=10.5; 95%CI 1.249-88.278) tidak mencuci tangan setelah bermain tanah (OR=9.450; 95%CI 1.809-49.358) dan tidak memotong kuku secara rutin (OR=6.462; 95%CI 1.250-33.388). Pemberian obat cacing setiap enam bulan mampu memberikan efek proteksi terhadap infeksi STH (OR=0.085; 95%CI 0.016-0.449). Kesimpulan: Kebersihan diri menjadi faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan infeksi STH. Direkomendasikan untuk meningkatkan promosi kesehatan terkait kebersihan diri disamping pemberian obat cacing setiap enam bulan. Kata kunci: Faktor risiko, infeksi STH, anak sekolah dasar Abstract Background: Chronic soil transmitted helminth (STH) infection might cause nutritional, growth and cognitive impairment in children. Identifying the risk factors of STH infection is crucially needed to minimize the infection effects. This study aimed to identify risk factors associated with STH infections among primary school students in Seraya Timur Village, Karangasem, Bali. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design with a total sampling method. The study was conducted in January 2020. Risk factors data were collected using a questionnaire. The diagnosis of STH infection was done by stool examination with the Kato-Katz method. The chi-square test was used to determine the risk factors associated with STH infection. Results: 83 students with ages ranging from 6-12 years participated in this study. There were 9 students (10.84%) whose infected with mild infection of STH. 55.56% of students were infected by Trichuris trichiura, 33.33% were Ascaris lumbricoides infections and 11.11% were hookworm infections. There were several risk factors that significantly associated with STH infection including ground’s playing (OR=6.86; 95%CI 1.326-35.494), barefoot (OR=10.5; 95%CI 1.249-88.278), did not wash hands after playing soil (OR=9.450; 95%CI 1.809-49.358) and did not routinely cut their nails (OR=6.462; 95%CI 1.250-33.388). Deworming every six months could provide a protective effect against STH infection (OR=0.085; 95%CI 0.016-0.449). Conclusion: Personal hygiene is a risk factor associated with STH infection. It is recommended to increase personal hygiene promotion besides dewormed every six months. Keywords: Risk factors, STH infection, primary school students
Ethanol Extract of Spondias pinnata Leaves Reduce Parasite Number and Increase Macrophage Phagocytosis Capacity of Mice Infected by Plasmodium berghei Dewa Ayu Agus Sri Laksemi; I Gusti Kamasan Arijana; I Made Sudarmaja; Ni Luh Ariwati; Ketut Tunas; Putu Ayu Asri Damayanti; Ni Luh Putu Eka Diarthini; I Kadek Swastika; Ida Ayu Dewi Wiryantini
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 13, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v13i1.1286

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Currently, there is no vaccine against malaria in humans, the development of resistance to anti-malarial drugs, causing the need to find new alternatives to overcome malaria infections. This study aimed to determine effect of Spondias pinnata in increasing cellular immunity, especially phagocytosis activity of peritoneal macrophages against Plasmodium berghei infection.METHODS: This was an experimental study with two stages of research, each stage requires 36 Balb/c mice, aged 2 months and weight 20-25 grams. After one week of acclimatization, the mice were put into 6 different groups, each group consisted of 6 mice. The negative control was a group of mice given distilled water for 14 days then infected by P. berghei in the 15th day. Meanwhile, T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 groups were given S. pinnata leaves ethanol extract with dose of 25, 50, 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day, respectively, and then infected by P. berghei in the 15th day.RESULTS: The results showed that the lowest parasitemia and the highest capacity of macrophage to phagocytose latex was found in treatment group T3 that received 50 mg/kg BW of S. pinnata leaves ethanol extract. Based on analysis of the Pearson correlation test, there was a significant correlation between percent phagocytosis and parasitemia (p<0.05).CONCLUSION: Ethanol extract of S. pinnata leaves lower the parasite number of P. berghei in Balb/c mice and increase the capacity of macrophage to phagocytose latex. However, the mechanisms of how S. pinnata leaves extract in activating phagocytosis capacity and reducing parasitemia still need further investigation.KEYWORDS: phagocytosis, Plasmodium berghei, parasite number, Spondias pinnata
Co-Authors Anak Agung Ayu Mirah Adi I Gede Gita Sastrawan I Gusti Ayu Dewi Ratnayanti I Gusti Kamasan Arijana I Gusti Ngurah Mayun I Gusti Nyoman Sri Wiryawan I Kadek Swastika I Ketut Tunas I Made Sudarmaja I NYOMAN MANTIK ASTAWA I Wayan Sugiritama Ida Ayu Dewi Wiryantini Jordaniel Setiabudi Made Indira Dianti Sanjiwani Mahardika Agus Wijayanti Ni Komang Indriyani Ni Luh Ariwati Ni Luh Gede Dian Ratna Dewi Ni Luh Putu Eka Diarthini Ni Made Linawati Ni Putu Sanjiwani Ni Putu Wardani Putu Ayu Asri Damayanti Wayan Tunas Artama