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Praxis and Religious Authority in Islam: The Case of Ahmad Dahlan, Founder of Muhammadiyah Hyung-Jun Kim
Studia Islamika Vol 17, No 1 (2010): Studia Islamika
Publisher : Center for Study of Islam and Society (PPIM) Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University

The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of praxis in the formation of religious authority. Although not fully acknowledged in Islam, the separation of religious from non-religious domains has become sharper and more clearly discernable in modern society. Accordingly, it is relevant to ask how praxis in the politico-economic and socio-cultural domains is evaluated in Islamic terms and what roles it plays in accessing religious legitimacy and leadership. The focus of this study is on Ahmad Dahlan, the founder of an Islamic mass-organization in Indonesia, the Muhammadiyah. Examination of his background reveals that he was not equipped with the traditional sources of authority.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v17i1.468

Islamic Religious Education Curriculum Innovation: Fethullah Gülen's Perspective Muhamad Restu Fauzi; Tasman Hamami; Hyung-Jun Kim
Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam Vol. 21 No. 1 (2024): Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam
Publisher : Yogyakarta: Jurusan Pendidikan Agama Islam Fakultas Ilmu Tarbiyah dan Keguruan UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/jpai.v21i1.7089

Purpose – This study aims to (1) Formulate what is the ideal orientation of Islamic religious education according to Fethullah Gülen and (2) Formulate Islamic religious education curriculum innovations from the Gülen perspective in the realm of objectives, materials, media, methods, and evaluations. Design/methods/approach – This study was a literature research. The source of data in this study was the works of Gülen. The data collection method used the documentation method. The data analysis method used the content analysis method through several stages of reading the entire data, encoding, code sorting, finding relationships between categories, and formulating the meaning. Findings – The findings were (1) The ideal Islamic religious education, according to Gülen, should include educating and shaping individual character, and (2) The purpose of the Islamic religious education curriculum, according to Gülen, is to create Islamic religious education that is relevant to the times, high in quality, and strengthening the identity of Muslims; Learning materials comprise content expansion that integrates classical religious texts with contemporary science; Learning media must make Islamic religious education more interesting and challenging for students so that they are more interested in learning Islam; The learning method involves students actively and collaboratively in the learning process; and Curriculum evaluation includes aspects of the quality of learning materials, learning methods, and learning outcomes. Research implications/limitations – The research has implications for developing Islamic religious education curricula that focus on a more inclusive, moderate, and relevant approach to the needs of the times. It can affect the way schools educate, encourage intercultural dialogue, and promote universal values such as tolerance and peace. Originality/value – This study has explored Gülen's perspective on the innovation of the Islamic religious education curriculum. By examining its perspective, this research provides new insights and presents a unique perspective on curriculum development.

Contestation of Islamic Law on Traditional Sharecropping in Rural West Java, Indonesia Kusmayanti, Hazar; Kania, Dede; Riswadinata, Indra; Kim, Hyung-Jun
Al-Ahkam Vol. 35 No. 1 (2025): April
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law, Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Walisongo Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/ahkam.2025.35.1.23334

This study examines the contested legal status of traditional sharecropping contracts among Islamic scholars and religious leaders in rural West Java, Indonesia. The primary objective is to analyze how Islamic law governs these contracts both normatively and in practice and how relevant regulations function within the local context. Employing an empirical legal approach, the research relies on direct observation and analysis of legal behavior in society. Findings indicate that the rising value of land and labor has turned traditional sharecropping arrangements into symbols of economic inequality. Ideologically, the legitimacy of such contracts is debated among village groups with varying socio-religious orientations. This contestation reflects an ongoing process of rural Islamization and highlights emerging pragmatism. The increasing accessibility of global information via the internet enables rural communities to reinterpret Islamic legal norms and agricultural practices, illustrating their adaptive responses to socioeconomic change and technological advancement.

Purifying the Faith, Acting for Progress: Reinterpreting Muhammadiyah Kim, Hyung-Jun
Al-Jami'ah: Journal of Islamic Studies Vol 62, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Al-Jami'ah Research Centre

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajis.2024.622.241-276

This paper investigates Muhammadiyah, specifically exploring the intricate relationship between purification and social activism and addressing the interpretive challenges inherent in their connection. It posits that ijtihad and progress, fundamental to Muhammadiyah’s theological underpinnings, broaden the understanding of purification beyond mere adherence to the Scriptures, aligning purification with the necessity of adapting to contemporary developments. The initial sections of the paper analyze Suara Muhammadiyah to shed light on the organization’s early theological framework that seamlessly integrates purification, social activism, ijtihad, and progress. Subsequent sections, drawing on diverse research findings, explore the evolution of these concepts and their implementations throughout Muhammadiyah’s history. The paper concludes that the fusion of ijtihad and progress has fostered diverse approaches to purification, reflecting various cultural and social contexts. This synthesis has prevented stagnation in the realm of social activism and infused it with vitality and dynamism.[Tulisan ini mengkaji ormas Muhammadiyah, khususnya tentang hubungan rumit antara pemurnian dan aktivisme sosial serta penafsiran-penafsiran dalam hubungan keduanya. Studi ini mengemukakan bahwa ijtihad dan kemajuan, yang merupakan landasan teologis Muhammadiyah, memperluas pemahaman tentang pemurnian lebih dari sekedar ketaatan pada kitab suci, tetapi menyelaraskan pemurnian dengan kebutuhan untuk beradaptasi dengan perkembangan kontemporer. Bagian awal makalah ini menganalisis Suara Muhammadiyah, menyoroti kerangka teologis awal organisasi yang mengintegrasikan pemurnian, aktivisme sosial, ijtihad, dan kemajuan. Bagian selanjutnya mengeksplorasi evolusi konsep-konsep tersebut dan implementasinya sepanjang sejarah Muhammadiyah, dengan memanfaatkan beragam temuan penelitian. Makalah ini menyimpulkan bahwa perpaduan ijtihad dan kemajuan telah mendorong beragam pendekatan terhadap pemurnian, yang mencerminkan berbagai konteks budaya dan sosial. Sintesis ini telah mencegah stagnasi di bidang aktivisme sosial serta menanamkan vitalitas dan dinamisme di dalamnya.]

Praxis and Religious Authority in Islam: The Case of Ahmad Dahlan, Founder of Muhammadiyah Kim, Hyung-Jun
Studia Islamika Vol. 17 No. 1 (2010): Studia Islamika
Publisher : Center for Study of Islam and Society (PPIM) Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v17i1.468

The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of praxis in the formation of religious authority. Although not fully acknowledged in Islam, the separation of religious from non-religious domains has become sharper and more clearly discernable in modern society. Accordingly, it is relevant to ask how praxis in the politico-economic and socio-cultural domains is evaluated in Islamic terms and what roles it plays in accessing religious legitimacy and leadership. The focus of this study is on Ahmad Dahlan, the founder of an Islamic mass-organization in Indonesia, the Muhammadiyah. Examination of his background reveals that he was not equipped with the traditional sources of authority.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v17i1.468

What Makes Islamic Microfinance Islamic? A Case of Indonesia’s Bayt al-Māl wa al-Tamwīl Kim, Hyung-Jun; Hudayana, Bambang
Studia Islamika Vol. 29 No. 1 (2022): Studia Islamika
Publisher : Center for Study of Islam and Society (PPIM) Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36712/sdi.v29i1.17862

This article highlights the weaknesses in the formalistic approach to Islamic finance which deals mainly with shariah compliance. This research examines religious elements that consist in the operations of the Indonesian Islamic microfinance institution by criticizing it for the costs of transactions, the composition of contracts, and the procedures for murābaḥah (working capital finance). Acknowledging that shariah principles were compromised to some extent, the BMT’s employees did not question the Islamic character and identity of the BMT. Highlighting their commitments to improving the economic conditions of the Muslim community, active involvement in charity and socio-religious works, business practices caring for the unfortunate people, and their Islamic networks, the employees believe that the BMT has implemented Islamic values. For them, Islamic finance is not only attributed to sharia compliance, but it must also contain a wide range of religious tendencies and practices. By stressing the importance of the aspirations and commitments of Muslim activists, this paper widens the discussion of how to vitalize Islamic finance.

Collegial Leadership and Election in Muhammadiyah: Institutional Ways to Diffuse the Religious Authority of Leaders Kim, Hyung-Jun
Studia Islamika Vol. 30 No. 2 (2023): Studia Islamika
Publisher : Center for Study of Islam and Society (PPIM) Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36712/sdi.v30i2.33741

Muhammadiyah advocates for the equal and rational standing of Muslims, underscoring that judgment lies solely with Allah and discouraging hierarchical leadership privileges. This viewpoint permeates its organizational structure, portraying leaders as dedicated members without elevated status. Alongside its emphasis on egalitarianism and rationality, Muhammadiyah has developed organizational mechanisms, aimed at preventing the concentration of religious authority in the hands of popular leaders. The article explores two of these mechanisms, collegial leadership and elections. Collegial leadership establishes a collective oversight body, ensuring equal rights for each leader. The unique election system, requiring the choice of thirteen candidates, prevents individual dominance and a potential landslide victory. By minimizing differences, emphasizing similarities, and discouraging the showcasing of individual merits and popularity, these mechanisms effectively diffuse religious authority within Muhammadiyah’s leadership.

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