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All Journal Jurnal Teknologi Prosiding Semnastek JURNAL CITRA WIDYA EDUKASI Jurnal Asiimetrik: Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Dan Inovasi Journal of Applied Sciences and Advanced Technology Jurnal Teknik Mesin Mechanical Xplore
Istianto Budhi Rahardja
Politeknik Kelapa Sawit Citra Widya Edukasi
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Automotive Engineering Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Economics, Econometrics & Finance Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering

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ANALISIS PENGARUH RADIUS BENDING PADA PROSES BENDING MENGGUNAKAN PELAT SPCC-SD TERHADAP PERUBAHAN STRUKTUR MIKRO Istianto Budhi Rahardja; Nana Rahdiana; Dodi Mulyadi; Sumanto; Abduh Al Afghani; Anwar Ilmar Ramadhan; Sukarman
Jurnal Teknik Mesin Mechanical Xplore Vol 1 No 1 (2020): Jurnal Teknik Mesin Mechanical Xplore
Publisher : Mechanical Engineering Department Universitas Buana Perjuangan Karawang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (743.682 KB) | DOI: 10.36805/jtmmx.v1i1.1279

Abstract

Paper ini membahas tentang pengaruh radius bending pada kualitas hasil bending dan pengaruhnya terhadap perubahan microstructure. Proses bending merupakan salah satu proses pembentukan logam (metal forming) dengan metode pembentukan dingin. Pada proses bending salah satu hal yang harus diperhatikan adalah penggunaan radius bending dan besarnya gaya yang diberikan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode ekperimental dengan menggunakan material baja carbon rendah SPCC-SD dengan ketebalan 1.0 mm. Spesifikasi material SPCC-SD mengacu pada JIS-3141. Peneitian dilakukan pada proses bending dengan menggunakan mesin power press berkapasitas 40 ton pada proses pembuatan omega clamp 1.5 Inchi. Pengamatan difokuskan pada zona radius bending R 0.8 mm dan R 2.5 mm. Hasil pengujian mengkonfirmasi bahwa terjadi keretakan disekitar zona bending R 0.8 mm sedangkan pada zona radius bending R 2.5 mm tidak ditemukan. Penelitian ini juga mengkonfirmasi adanya perubahan microstructure pada penggunaan radius bending R 0.8 mm. Pada penggunaan zona bending R 0.8 mm telah dikonfirmasi terjadi perubahan menjadi butiran pearlite berdiameter 3.09 -6.97 µm. Sementara pada zona bending R 2.0 hanya terjadi perubahan pergeseran pearlite ke pusat bending dan tidak sampai terbentuk butiran pearlite. Kata kunci: Struktur micro, Pembentukan baja, Baja karbon rendah, Pearlit, Radius penekukan This paper study the influence of bending radius on bending results' quality and its effect on microstructure changes. The bending process is one of the metal forming types with the cold forming process. In the bending process, one thing to consider is using a bending radius, and a total force applied. This study used an experimental method using low-carbon steel material SPCC-SD with a thickness of 1.0 mm. SPCC-SD material specifications used according to JIS-3141. The research was carried out in the bending process using a 40-ton capacity power press machine for the 1.5-inch omega clamp manufacturing process. The investigation focused on bending radius zones. It found cracks around R 0.8 mm' bending zone while the R 2.5 mm bending radius zone not observed. The investigation confirmed the changes in the microstructure in the use of a 1.0 mm bending radius. Using the R 0.8 mm bending zone, confirmed that there changed size grain to 3.09 μm-6.97 μm diameter pearlite. While in the bending zone R 2.0, there was only a change in the pearlite shift to the bending center and without changed the pearlite grain. Keywords: Microstructure, Metal forming, Low-carbon steel, Pearlite, Bending radius
Analisis Kalori Biodiesel Crude Palm Oil (CPO) dengan Katalis Abu Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (ATKKS) Istianto Budhi Rahardja; Sukarman Sukarman; Anwar Ilmar Ramadhan
Prosiding Semnastek PROSIDING SEMNASTEK 2019
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta

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Abstract

Biodiesel crude palm oil adalah bahan bakar nabati dengan menggunakan bahan baku minyak mentah sawit (Crude palm Oil(CPO)) dan abu tanda kosong kelapa sawit sebagai katalisnya. Abu tanda kosong mempercepat proses pembentukan biodiesel sehingga memikili nilai kalor yang cukup tinggi, sehingga dapat dilakukan proses pembakaran. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh Crude Palm Oil menjadi Bahan Bakar Nabati berupa Biodiesel. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan adalah eksperimental. Dalam proses pembuatan Crude palm oil menjadi biodiesel terlebih dahulu diperhatikan Free Fatty Acid (FFA) yang terkandung didalamnya. FFA yang dapat langsung diproses untuk menjadi biodiesel adalah ≥ 2% dengan menggunakan transesterifikasi dan CPO yang memiliki FFA ≤ 2% diproses dengan esterifikasi. Hasil penelitian dengan mempergunakan Abu tanda kosong kelapa sawit sebagai katalis dapat membentuk CPO menjadi biodiesel. Nilai kalor yang dihasilkan oleh biodiesel berbahan dasar minyak kelapa sawit (Crude Palm Oil) dengan katalis abu tandan kosong kelapa sawit adalah -1.382 kJ dari biodiesel yang terbentuk seberat 36,25 gr.
Pembentukan Biodiesel Melalui Proses Transesterifikasi Dengan Katalis Abu Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (ATKKS) Kezia Alfa Sarandon; Ahdiat Leksi Siregar; Istianto Budhi Rahardja
Prosiding Semnastek PROSIDING SEMNASTEK 2019
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta

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Abstract

Biodiesel merupakan pengganti bahan bakar solar yang menggunakan bahan nabati sebagai bahan bakunya. Crude Palm Oil (CPO) merupakan salah satu bahan nabati yang akan menghasilkan Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME). Biodiesel ini mempunyai keunggulan untuk mengurangi emisi gas di udara dan bahan baku yang renewable. Pada penelitian ini pembentukan biodiesel diolah dengan dua reaksi yaitu esterifikasi dan transesterifikasi. Proses esterifikasi menggunakan CPO, metanol teknis sebanyak 15% (b/b) dan katalis homogen  98% sebanyak 0,5% (b/b) berguna untuk menurunkan Free Fatty Acid (FFA). Sedangkan transesterifikasi menggunakan katalis Abu Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (ATKKS) yang mempunyai kandungan dengan rasio 2%, 5%, dan 8% berbandingan dengan parameter uji SNI yang dihasilkan. Pada penelitian ini Standar Nasional Indonesia yang dicapai belum memenuhi syarat, dikarenakan pembakaran abu tandan kosong yang belum sempurna.
Pengaruh Jenis Perekat Pada Briket Cangkang Kelapa Sawit Terhadap Waktu Bakar M Rifqi Aziz; Ahdiat Leksi Siregar; Azhar Basyir Rantawi; Istianto Budhi Rahardja
Prosiding Semnastek PROSIDING SEMNASTEK 2019
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta

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Abstract

Briket arang adalah arang yang diolah lebih lanjut menjadi bentuk briket (penampilan dan kemasan yang menarik) yang dapat digunakan untuk keperluan energi alterntif sehari-hari sebagai pengganti minyak tanah dan gas elpiji. Penelitian ini menggunakan tiga jenis perekat yaitu tepung tapioka, sagu, dan arpus. Perekat berfungsi untuk merekatkan partikel-partikel zat dalam bahan baku cangkang kelapa sawit dengan perbandingan perekat dan air 1:1 untuk tepung tapioka dan sagu, sedangkan perekat arpus dilakukan peroses pemanasan sampai mencair. Tujuan dari penelitian ini mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan jenis perekat pada briket cangkang kelapa sawit terhadap standar kualitas briket, mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan jenis perekat pada briket cangkang kelapa sawit terhadap waktu bakar yang meliputi nilai kalor, kadar air, dan kadar abu. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan yaitu ekperimen dengan variabel cangkang kelapa sawit 100 gram dan 12% perekat yang digunakan. Proses pengambilan data yaitu kadar air dan waktu bakar dilakukan 3 kali pengulangan, nilai kalor dan kadar abu dilakukan 1 kali pengulangan. Hasil pengolahan data didapatkan nilai kalor pada perekat tapioka 6328 kkal/kg, sagu aren 6330 kkal/kg, dan arpus 6366 kkal/kg, kadar air pada perekat tapioka 6,0 %, sagu aren 6,7 %, dan arpus 5,5%, kadar abu perekat tapioka 7,70 %, sagu aren 6,74%, dan arpus 7,11%, dan waktu bakar pada perekat tapioka 78 menit, sagu 74 menit, dan arpus 92,3 menit. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa penggunaan jenis perekat pada briket mempengaruhi standar kualitas briket dan waktu bakar. Semakin rendah kadar air dan kadar abu maka waktu bakar akan semakin lama, semakin besar nilai kalor maka waktu bakar akan semakin lama. Dari hasil analisa yang dilakukan bahwa jenis perekat terbaik adalah perekat arpus.
Mechanical Properties of Particle board from Empty Palm Fruit with Polyester Resin Adhesive Istianto Budhi Rahardja; Hayya Afifah; Yudi Dermawan; Ery Diniardi; Anwar Ilmar Ramadhan; Januar Parlaungan Siregar
Journal of Applied Sciences and Advanced Technology Vol 4, No 1 (2021): Journal of Applied Sciences and Advanced Technology
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24853/jasat.4.1.35-42

Abstract

The need for particleboard in Indonesia is increasing every year. Particleboard is usually made of wood that comes from the forest so it has a bad effect and forest products will decrease over time. To overcome this problem, new knowledge is created that can be done. The new knowledge is like utilizing empty palm oil bunches for particle board material to replace wood raw materials. Particleboard is usually made of wood or other lignocellulosic materials such as oil palm empty bunches. The empty fruit bunches that have been made will be mixed with polyester resin as an adhesive. This study examines the effect of the percentage of polyester resin adhesive used, namely 90%, 75% and 60%. The process of making particle board starts with the preparation of raw materials such as palm empty fruit bunches and polyester resin. For empty bunches fiber used is 1 cm long. After the particle board is made, a hardness test is carried out using a durometer with the ASTM D2240 standard.
Paving Block Investigation Using Waste Plastic, Used Oil, And Styrofoam with Different Variables St. Nugroho Kristono; Muhammad Malik Arifandi; Yudi Dermawan; Istianto Budhi Rahardja; Ahmad Mahfud
Journal of Applied Sciences and Advanced Technology Vol 4, No 1 (2021): Journal of Applied Sciences and Advanced Technology
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24853/jasat.4.1.1-6

Abstract

Paving block is a composition of building materials made from a mixture of portlandcement or similar hydraulic adhesives, which are components of building materials that are very commonly used. But besides that, the dependence on the use of cement as an adhesive for Paving Blocks is still high. Therefore, the solution taken is to use waste plastic, Styrofoam, and used oil as materials for making Paving Blocks. Based on the results of data processing, it can be concluded that the manufacture of paving blocks using a mixture of plastic, used oil, and styrofoam has several stages, namely the stages of preparing tools and materials, taking and collecting plastic waste, used oil , and styrofoam, heating stages, mixing stages, the printing stage, the release stage and the drying stage, and the laboratory testing stage. This study uses 6 comparisons of mixed materials. The results of the trial of making paving blocks using a good mixture of plastic waste and used oil, namely with a composition of 67%: 33% with an average compressive strength of 63.2 MPa and water absorption capacity of 2.4% entered into quality A used for roads while paving blocks with plastic waste materials, used oil, and styrofoam have the best compressive strength value, which is 26.0 MPa with a composition of 40%:50%:10% and the absorption power obtained is 5.2%. B quality is used for parking lots. 
Design of Refrigerant Leak Detector on Arduino Uno – Based Refrigeration System Sobri Sobri; M. Subroto Aliredjo; Yusuf Aditya Nugraha; Istianto Budhi Rahardja
Journal of Applied Sciences and Advanced Technology Vol 3, No 1 (2020): Journal of Applied Sciences and Advanced Technology
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24853/jasat.3.1.9-16

Abstract

Refrigeration loos has big impact on inefficient system operation, increase power consumption, higher maintenance cost and moreover contribute to global warming. The purpose of this study is designing refrigerant leak detection device, making a refrigerant leak detector, and testing the refrigerant leak detector in a refrigeration system. Research was conducted for six months, starting in November 2018 until Mei 2019 at the ice block factory owned by KUD. Usaha Mina, Semarang City. The stages of method used in this study include studying of literature, designing device, making device, and testing refrigerant leak detection device. As for the research result are as follows 1) The design of the refrigerant leak detector is made using CorelDraw Grapichs Suite X7 very easily according to the input and output to get desired function 2) In assembling components using jumper cable, it must be in accordance with the input that is in the program so that it does not cause a short circuit to component. Sensitivity level of this refrigerant leak detection device is very high, depending on how in programing the desire level of sensitivity and other factors such as NH3, NOx, Alcohol, Benzene, Smoke, CO2, and other gases. Because the gases will affect the level of sensitivity of device. 4) The testing of a refrigereant leak detector must be close to the source of leakage which serves to accelerate the device to detect leakage 5) The voltage needed by this tool is between 5 – 20V (DC).
Comparative Analysis of the Amount of Fuel Use for Main Motor 1 in Theory and Reality in the Field During Operation One Trip at KMN. Cahaya Lapawawoi 01 Ade Hermawan; Teguh Binardi; Agustiawan Agustiawan; Samsi Samsi; Priyantini Dewi; Sobri Sobri; Istianto Budhi Rahardja
Journal of Applied Sciences and Advanced Technology Vol 4, No 1 (2021): Journal of Applied Sciences and Advanced Technology
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24853/jasat.4.1.7-14

Abstract

Ships are units used for transportation, logistics industry, fishing units and so on. In its operations, ships use fuel oil to move and reach their intended destination. The fuel oil used includes heavy fuel oil (HFO), medium fuel oil (MFO), and intermediate fuel oil (IFO). The main factors that affect the high and low use of fuel are rotation (rpm) and also the operating time of the main engine. Flowmeter is a measuring tool to determine the amount of fuel oil consumption in the engine. The function of the flowmeter is to measure the volume of liquid that passes through the device so that the total volume of liquid that enters a container / place or machine is obtained. Flowmeter and Tachometer are very helpful in calculating fuel consumption on board. Basically, with the use of high rotation, it can accelerate the speed of the ship's movement to reach its destination.
Analysis Cause of Automatic Voltage Regulator Damage to the Genset in KP Hiu 06 Owned the Ministry of Marine and Fisheries Sobri Sobri; Ade Hermawan; Edwin Haryanto; Istianto Budhi Rahardja
Journal of Applied Sciences and Advanced Technology Vol 2, No 1 (2019): Journal of Applied Sciences and Advanced Technology
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (548.565 KB) | DOI: 10.24853/jasat.2.1.1-6

Abstract

AVR on an electric generator is a device that serves to maintain the stability of the generator output voltage. KP Shark 06 suffered AVR damage twice in 2017 which affected the operations of the ship so it is necessary to analyze the cause of the damage. The steps to analyze the causes of AVR damage starts from the factor of overload on the electricity generator, the working condition of the electric generator and the motor driving factor of the electric generator. Based on observations and calculations of the ship's electricity load, it is known that there is no overload of electric generators, ie the average per day / hour of power used is 6,009.75 Watt, where the available power is 17,600 Watt (generator efficiency 34.14%). While the work of the generator is observed normally based on the results of the measurement of the electric current produced by the generator. It was concluded that the cause of AVR damage was due to the generator driving motor which experienced a decrease in performance so that when subjected to electric load the engine rotation experienced instability which caused voltage fluctuations where this caused the AVR to work abnormally resulting in AVR damage. After repairs to the generator drive engine during ship docking, the engine rotation of the electric generator drive motor becomes more stable and the working function of the AVR becomes more normal.
ANALISIS DESAIN STATIC MIXER PIPE UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PROSES KOAGULASI DI EXTERNAL WATER TREATMENT PLANT (WTP) Riyan Ariyansah; Istianto Budhi Rahardja; Adhes Gamayel
Jurnal Asiimetrik: Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa & Inovasi Volume 2 Nomor 2 Tahun 2020
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Universitas Pancasila

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35814/asiimetrik.v2i2.1386

Abstract

Di pabrik kelapa sawit, Water Treatment Plant adalah stasiun yang digunakan khusus untuk melakukan proses pengolahan air. Adapun tahapan-tahapan dari proses pengolahannya adalah dari sungai, waduk (reservoir) untreated tank, clarifier tank, water basin, sand filter, treated water tank dan selanjutnya dikirim untuk domestik dan air untuk kebutuhan dalam pengoperasian Boiler. Kualitas air yang dihasilkan sangat tergantung bagaimana cara pengolahan dan jumlah chemical yang dibutuhkan dalam kg/jam, dan kinerja dari chemical juga dipengaruhi oleh desain dari Water Treatment Plant itu sendiri. Adapun jenis chemical yang ada pada pengolahan air di Water Treatment Plant adalah untuk koagulan digunakan alum (Nalco 3276) sebagai pembuat flock dan utuk flokulasi digunakan Nalco 8173. Untuk meningkatkan kerja dari Nalco 3276 sebagai pembuat flock adalah dengan cara menyebarkan keseluruh bagian sisi pipa dan menurunkan laju kecepatannya sehingga flocknya dapat terbentuk secara sempurna dan juga memudahkan kerja dari Nalco 8173 sebagai penjaring atau penangkap flock. Dengan alasan ini dibuatlah sebuah alat guna menunjang kinerja dari Nalco 3276 yaitu Static Mixer Pipe sebagai pengaduk dan menaikkan turbulensi dari Re 95.808,800 hingga menjadi Re 191.912,2400. Sedangkan penambahan Head loss yang terjadi adalah sebesar 0,4542 m dari total Head loss desain awal yaitu 5,343 m. Penambahan Static Mixer Pipe akan menghasilkan dua kali pengadukan yang lebih besar dari aliran turbulen yang terjadi sehingga akan menghasilkan pembentukan flock yang lebih banyak sehingga menghasilkan kualitas air yang lebih baik untuk proses pengolahan air di pabrik minyak kelapa sawit (PMKS).
Co-Authors Abduh Al Afghani Adhes Gamayel Agustiawan Agustiawan Ahdiat Leksi Siregar Ahmad Mahfud Akmal Imam Faisal Alvika Meta Sari Anita Rahayu Anwar Ilmar Ramadhan Azhar Basyir Rantawi Cenda E. Hasibuan Dani Saputra Daruki Daruki Deni Almanda Djoko Hadi Prajitno Dodi Mulyadi Edwin Haryanto Efrizon Umar Efrizon Umar Erlangga Abinanda Ery Diniardi Fikriyansyah Fikriyansyah Firmansyah Firmansyah Gerhard Alex Sitorus Hayya Afifah Januar Parlaungan Siregar Juni Afriani Kezia Alfa Sarandon Kushendarsyah Saptaji M Rifqi Aziz M. Subroto Aliredjo Mohd Hamisa Abdul Hamid Muhammad Dadi Saputra Muhammad Malik Arifandi Muhammad Soleman Muhammad Sopyan Mutiara Salsabila Nana Rahdiana Priyantini Dewi Rahmawati Suryani Rian Fitriana Riyan Ariyansah Samsi Samsi Siti Purwani Sobri Sobri Sobri Sobri Sri Rejeki Ambarita St Nugroho Kristono St. Nugroho Kristono St. Nugroho Kristono Sukarman Sukarman Sukarman Sumanto Teguh Binardi Tri Yuni Hendrawati Yudi Dermawan Yusuf Aditya Nugraha