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PENGARUH JUMLAH PELARUT PADA PROSES EKSTRAKSI MINYAK KAYU CENGKEH MENGGUNAKAN MICROWAVE Adhiksana, Arief; Kusyanto, .
Journal of Research and Technology Vol 1, No 01 (2015)
Publisher : Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Sidoarjo

Clove oil is usually produced from the leaves and flowers, while the twigs cloves actually have potential to be exploited. One of the latest methods that can be used is the microwave assisted extraction. The advantages of microwaves is its ability to deliver energy directly to all material, so it can save time compared to conventional extraction methods. This research aims to study the effect of solvents on the extraction using microwaves. The solvent is water because the polar so very good at absorbing microwave. The variables studied were the weight (75-150 grams) and volume of solvent (400-500 ml) , while the microwave power of 264 W. The choice of wood clove oil yield was obtained of 3.89 % on the amount of solvent to 500 ml with weight is 150 grams.

PEMANFAATAN GELOMBANG MIKRO DALAM EKSTRAKSI ANTOSIANIN DARI KULIT BUAH NAGA SEBAGAI PENGGANTI RHODAMIN B UNTUK SEDIAAN PEWARNA BIBIR ALAMI Adhiksana, Arief; Jumardi, Andi; Kusyanto, Kusyanto; Andriani, Rina
Journal of Research and Technology Vol 3, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Sidoarjo

Today, microwave can be used in various chemical processes. The advantage of microwaves is able to deliver energy directly to the material. One of microwave application is the extraction process of natural materials. Microwaves can be used to reduce extraction process time of the anthocyanin from the dragon fruit skin. This research aims to determine the solvent extracted effect to the anthocyanin extraction of dragon fruit skin using microwaves. The solvent used was 95% ethanol, 85% ethanol, 75% ethanol, 95% ethanol –citric acid, 85% ethanol -acids and 75% - citric acid ethanol to the anthocyanin extraction results of dragon fruit skin extracted using microwaves. The consumption of microwave power is 400 watt with 50 gram of dragon fruits skin. Then, anthocyanin extracts are mixe with supporting materials to be made as lipstick and proposed for topical and favorite test. The best yield can be obtained by using ethanol-citric acid solvent at 25,031%.

The Effect of H2SO4 Concentration and Micro Wave Power in Microwave Assisted Hydrolysis of Furfural Production from Empty Palm Fruit Bunches Kusyanto, Kusyanto; Rahmadina, Suci
Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan Vol 8, No 1 (2019): June 2019 [Nationally Accredited - Sinta 2]
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jbat.v8i1.15425

Empty fruit bunches (EFB), which are wastes from fresh palm fruit bunches, are one of organic wastes from palm oil processing industries as much as 23% of the total production. The utilization of this waste, which has a high economic value, is still not optimum although it has been used as a boiler fuel. In fact, EFB has a high economic value if processed further. The EFB as a waste can be processed using hydrolysis method to obtain its pentosan content and changed into furfural with the addition of acid as a catalyst. The objectives of this research are to find out the optimum yield on the sulfuric acid concentration and the effects of the power of microwaves used on hydrolysis process of EFB. On this hydrolysis process, 10 grams of Ã‚Â EFB was added with 250ml of sulfuric acid with the variations of 3%, 6%, 9%, 12%, 15%, and 18%, and microwave was used with the power variations of 400W, 600W, and 800W for 75 minutes. The analysis method used in this study to determine the furfural contentis Gas Chromatography (GC). The results showed the highest furfural content was obtained at H2SO4concentration of 9% with 800W power on the microwave and the concentration of 0.39 mg/mL and furfural yield of 0.9620%.Ã‚Â

Penurunan Kadar Zat Warna Dalam Sampel Limbah Cair Industri Sarung Tenun Samarinda Menggunakan Adsorben CaO Dari Cangkang Kerang Darah (Anadara granosa) Kusyanto Kusyanto; Siti Sahraeni; Yusak Yusak
JURNAL TEKNIK KIMIA VOKASIONAL (JIMSI) Vol 2, No 1 (2022): JURNAL TEKNIK KIMIA VOKASIONAL (JIMSI)
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Samarinda

Industri sarung tenun Samarinda menghasilkan limbah cair dari sisa pewarnaan benang, dengan konsentrasi warna limbah cair sebesar 2168 Pt.Co. Konsentrasi ini berpotensi mencemari lingkungan, sehingga perlu dilakukan dekolorisasi agar konsentrasi warna limbah cair industri sarung tenun Samarinda dapat memenuhi standar baku mutu warna limbah yaitu sebesar 50 Pt.Co. Dekolorisasi limbah cair industri sarung tenun Samarinda menggunakan adsorben cangkang kerang darah teraktivasi. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh massa adsorben dan kecepatan pengadukan dalam menurunkan konsentrasi warna limbah cair industri sarung tenun Samarinda. Variabel berubah yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah massa adsorben (0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5 g) dan kecepatan pengadukan (120, 150, 200 rpm). Sampel limbah cair sarung tenun Samarinda dimasukan ke dalam Erlenmeyer sebanyak 50 mL lalu menambahkan adsorben cangkang kerang darah teraktivasi berukuran 200 mesh, kemudian mengaduk dengan shaker selama 30 menit. Sampel limbah kemudian disaring dengan kertas saring Whattman-42 lalu menganalisa konsentrasi akhir warna sampel setelah proses adsorpsi dengan metode analisa SNI 06-6989.24-2005. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kondisi optimum adsorpsi warna limbah cair industri sarung tenun Samarinda adalah pada massa adsorben 0,5 g, dan kecepatan pengadukan 150 rpm, dengan konsentrasi warna akhir sebesar 33,14 Pt.Co atau %removal sebesar 98,47%.

PEMBUATAN BIOBRIKET DARI CAMPURAN KULIT KACANG TANAH DAN TEMPURUNG KEMIRI DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE KARBONISASI Kusyanto Kusyanto; Rinda Handayani; Andri Kurniawan
JURNAL TEKNIK KIMIA VOKASIONAL (JIMSI) Vol 2, No 2 (2022): JURNAL TEKNIK KIMIA VOKASIONAL (JIMSI)
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Samarinda

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46964/jimsi.v2i2.1692

Biobriquettes are one of the alternative energy solid fuels that are the basic materials of a biomass mixture. The addition of the word bio to briquettes is due to the addition of biomass as a raw material. Peanut skin and hazelnut shell that is only wasted resulted in the accumulation of agricultural waste in the form of peanut skin and hazelnut shell. To overcome this, further research is needed to have added value. In this study, it aims to influence the effect of the comparison of the composition of raw materials of peanut skin charcoal and hazelnut shells against proximate values and heat values. This study used carbonization methods. From the results of the analysis obtained the highest heat value in the treatment E was 6006 Cal/gr. Briquette water content ranges from 4 - 5% and the lowest water content was obtained in treatment B which was 4.08%. The results of the analysis of ash levels ranged from 11 - 17% and obtained the lowest ash levels in treatment B, which was 11.92%. Volatile matter results ranged from 26 - 28% and the lowest Volatile Matter level at D treatment was 26.57% and fixed carbon results ranged from 50 - 55% and the highest fixed carbon result was at 55.96%.Keywords: bean skin, hazelnut shell, biobriquette, proximate

PEMANFAATAN KULIT KACANG TANAH DAN BAMBU SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKU PEMBUATAN BIOBRIKET DENGAN METODE KARBONISASI Kusyanto Kusyanto; Marinda Rahim; Muhammad Yahya Subakir; Ibnu Eka Rahayu; Fitriyana Fitriyana
DISTILAT: JURNAL TEKNOLOGI SEPARASI Vol 8, No 4 (2022): December 2022
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33795/distilat.v8i4.504

Kalimantan Timur menghasilkan kacang tanah sebanyak 654 ton pada tahun 2020, sementara itu produksi bambu di Indonesia pada tahun 2019 sekitar 17,1 miliar batang. Perlu pengolahan bahan agar dapat digunakan menjadi biobriket. Biobriket merupakan sumber energi terbarukan dan ekonomis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbandingan pencampuran biomassa kulit kacang tanah dan bambu terhadap kualitas biobriket berdasarkan standar SNI 01-6235-2000. Karbonisasi dilakukan pada kulit kacang tanah 450°C dan bambu 500°C selama 60 menit. Arang dihaluskan kemudian diayak lebih kecil dari 70 mesh. Arang kulit kacang tanah (KK) dan bambu (B) ditimbang 20 gram dengan komposisi 100%KK, 80%KK : 20%B, 60%KK : 40%B, 50%KK : 50%B , 40%KK : 60%B, 20%KK : 80%B, 100%B. Arang dicampurkan dengan perekat kanji 5 % dari massa arang (1 gr kanji : air 25 ml). Dikeringkan pada suhu 80°C selama 24 jam. Hasil kombinasi terbaik didapatkan pada kulit kacang tanah 20% dan bambu 80% dengan nilai kalor 6908,6 kal/g, kadar air 3,95%, kadar abu 6,27%, kadar karbon terikat 73,2% telah memenuhi standar SNI 01-6235-2000, kecuali untuk kadar zat terbang 16,58% masih belum memenuhi standar SNI 01-6235-2000.

PEMANFAATAN GELOMBANG MIKRO DALAM EKSTRAKSI ANTOSIANIN DARI KULIT BUAH NAGA SEBAGAI PENGGANTI RHODAMIN B UNTUK SEDIAAN PEWARNA BIBIR ALAMI Arief Adhiksana; Andi Jumardi; Kusyanto; Rina Andriani
Journal of Research and Technology Vol. 3 No. 1 (2017): JRT Volume 3 No 1 Jun 2017
Publisher : 2477 - 6165

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Today, microwave can be used in various chemical processes. The advantage of microwaves is able to deliver energy directly to the material. One of microwave application is the extraction process of natural materials. Microwaves can be used to reduce extraction process time of the anthocyanin from the dragon fruit skin. This research aims to determine the solvent extracted effect to the anthocyanin extraction of dragon fruit skin using microwaves. The solvent used was 95% ethanol, 85% ethanol, 75% ethanol, 95% ethanol –citric acid, 85% ethanol -acids and 75% - citric acid ethanol to the anthocyanin extraction results of dragon fruit skin extracted using microwaves. The consumption of microwave power is 400 watt with 50 gram of dragon fruits skin. Then, anthocyanin extracts are mixed with supporting materials to be made as lipstick and proposed for topical and favorite test. The best yield can be obtained by using ethanol-citric acid solvent at 25,031%.

PENGARUH JUMLAH PELARUT PADA PROSES EKSTRAKSI MINYAK KAYU CENGKEH MENGGUNAKAN MICROWAVE Adhiksana, Arief; Kusyanto
Journal of Research and Technology Vol. 1 No. 1 (2015): JRT Volume 1 No 1 Des 2015
Publisher : 2477 - 6165

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55732/jrt.v1i1.328

Clove oil is usually produced from the leaves and flowers, while the twigs cloves actually have potential to be exploited. One of the latest methods that can be used is the microwave assisted extraction. The advantages of microwaves is its ability to deliver energy directly to all material, so it can save time compared to conventional extraction methods. This research aims to study the effect of solvents on the extraction using microwaves. The solvent is water because the polar so very good at absorbing microwave. The variables studied were the weight (75-150 grams) and volume of solvent (400-500 ml) , while the microwave power of 264 W. The choice of wood clove oil yield was obtained of 3.89 % on the amount of solvent to 500 ml with weight is 150 grams.

Absorption Time and Temperature Effects on The Physical Chemical Properties of Refined Used Cooking Oil Using Bentonite and Carbon Bagasse Adsorbents: Pengaruh Temperature dan Waktu Absorpsi Terhadap Properti Fisik dan Kimia dari Minyak Goreng Bekas yang Dimurnikan Menggunakan Adsorben Bentonit dan Karbon Ampas Tebu Adhiksana, Arief; Febriyana, Qobid; Wahyudi, Wahyudi; Irwan, Muhammad; Tahir, Ramli; Fitriyana, Fitriyana; Kusyanto, Kusyanto; Oko, Syarifuddin
Jurnal Rekayasa Bahan Alam dan Energi Berkelanjutan Vol. 8 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.rbaet.2024.008.01.01

Bentonite and carbon bagasse adsorbents are used to study the effects of temperature and absorption time on the physico-chemical properties of refined used cooking oil. Any extended use of outdated cooking oil will have an impact on the body's health since it causes fat cells to accumulate in various vital organs. Used cooking oil can be cleaned by using adsorbents like bentonite, bagasse, and activated carbon. This study investigated the effects of temperature and adsorption period on the purification results of used cooking oil using activated carbon adsorbents comprised of bagasse and bentonite. In this study, a factorial group randomised design was used. First, there is a 1:1 adsorbent to substrate ratio. Secondly, there are four adsorption temperature levels: 30°C, 60°C, 90°C, and 120°C. The third factor is adsorption time, which are: 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes. Counting the quantity of acids, peroxides, and free fatty acids was one method of data analysis. The best results are obtained when used cooking oil is refined using activated carbon, bagasse, and bentonite at 120°C for 90 minutes of adsorption. The result is an acid number of 0.913, a peroxide number of 2.532, and a free fatty acid content of 0.459%.

PENGARUH DAYA MICROWAVE TERHADAP KADAR TANIN PADA BUBUK PEWARNA ALAMI DARI SERBUK GERGAJI KAYU ULIN Setyowati, Sekar Ayu; Arifin, Zainal; Kusyanto, Kusyanto; Prayogo, Wempi
DISTILAT: Jurnal Teknologi Separasi Vol. 10 No. 2 (2024): June 2024
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33795/distilat.v10i2.5110

Serbuk kayu ulin merupakan salah satu sisa hasil samping dari proses pengolahan kayu ulin. Warna coklat hingga kehitaman yang dihasilkan dari tanin dalam serbuk kayu ulin memiliki potensi sebagai bahan pewarna alami. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk membuat bubuk pewarna alami dari serbuk kayu ulin menggunakan metode foam mat drying dengan bantuan microwave dan untuk mengetahui pengaruh microwave terhadap waktu pengeringan dan kadar tanin bubuk pewarna alami. Serbuk gergaji kayu ulin diekstrak dengan akuades menggunakan metode maserasi selama 48 jam. Ekstrak disaring dan disentifugasi dan dilanjutkan dengan mengeringkan menggunakan microwave. Pada metode ini, bahan pembusa tween 80 dengan variasi konsentrasi 0,5% (v/v) dan 1% (v/v) serta bahan pengisi maltodekstrin dengan konsentrasi 5% (b/v) dari ekstrak kayu ulin ditambahkan. Ekstrak kayu ulin dikeringkan dengan bantuan microwave dengan variasi daya (180, 300, 450, 600, dan 800 Watt) hingga memiliki kadar air sekitar 4-6% (b/b). Ekstrak pewarna alami dikeringkan menjadi bubuk lebih cepat ketika daya microwave semakin tinggi, dimana pada daya 800 Watt pengeringan ekstrak membutuhkan 65 menit. Kadar air bubuk pewarna alami yang diperoleh antara 4,89% (b/b) hingga 5,78% (b/b) dan kelarutan tertinggi sebesar 97,82% dengan penambahan Tween 80 pada konsentrasi 0,5% (b/v). Uji kualitatif tanin pada bubuk pewarna alami menunjukkan bahwa terdapat kandungan tanin pada serbuk pewarna alami. Kadar tanin tertinggi diperoleh sebesar 3,04 ppm pada bubuk pewarna yang dihasilkan dari variasi tween 80 dengan konsentrasi 1% dan pada daya microwave 180 Watt.

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