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Rat Population Increase And Damage To Rice Plantations With Different Irrigation Systems In Wajo Regency, South Sulawesi Province Ummu Haddina; Swastiko Priyambodo; Dadan Hindayana
Asian Journal of Social and Humanities Vol. 2 No. 2 (2023): Asian Journal of Social and Humanities
Publisher : Pelopor Publikasi Akademika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59888/ajosh.v2i2.181

One of the rice producing regions in Indonesia is South Sulawesi. Wajo Regency is the second highest rice producing area in South Sulawesi, after Bone Regency. Based on the irrigation system, rice cultivation in Wajo Regency consists of technical irrigation, rainfed rice fields, and rice cultivation or dry land. Agriculture with various irrigation systems has an impact on pest population levels and the intensity of attacks. The decline in rice productivity is caused by many factors, one of which is the attack of rice rat pests that occur in several areas in Wajo Regency. There are several techniques and strategies for field rat management, ranging from sanitation, technical culture or plant cultivation, mechanical, biological, and chemical physical. All techniques and strategies of rice rat management must be applied integrated, continuously, and together in one stretch. This study aims to measure the potential presence of rice rats in several irrigation systems in Wajo Regency (irrigation, rainfed rice fields, and dryland rice), analyze the management of rice rats carried out by farmers, and the factors that affect it. The method used is observing rice planting patterns based on irrigation systems, estimating the population level of rice rats with single live traps and the level of attack on several rice planting irrigation systems. Likewise, rice rat population management in several rice planting irrigation systems, data analysis, and economic analysis. The result of this study is that the highest estimate of rats is in dryland rice plantations. The intensity of rat attacks was highest in dry land Pr>F 0.045 the area of attack was highest in rainfed land Pr>F was 0.0171, for intensity and area of attack in generative phase 1. The success of cultivation in dry land was 16.3% in generative phase 1 which was 16.48%. The presence of rats correlates both the intensity of the attack and the area of each addition of rats will increase the intensity of the attack by 0.155% and the area of attack by 0.308%.

Analysis of Rice Field Rat (Rattus argentiventer) Attacks After Owl (Tyto alba) Application in Karawang Regency, West Java Reza Rama Gunada; Swastiko Priyambodo; Dadan Hindayana
Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) Vol 14, No 2 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : The University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtep-l.v14i2.341-351

Environmentally friendly control using biological methods for rice field rats is currently being carried out, one of which is using the natural enemy of rice field rats, namely the owl predator which can control rice field rat pests without damaging rice and land or causing pollution. This research aims to evaluate the value of losses experienced by farmers caused by rice field rat pests in Karawang Regency, analyze farmers' perceptions and behavior towards controlling rice field rat pests using owls, implementation of rice field rat pest control in Karawang Regency, and policy priorities that can be implemented and taken to optimize the sustainable use of owls in the context of controlling rice field rat pests in Karawang Regency. The method used is a survey and field observation which includes observing the number of active rat nests, calculating the percentage of attacks, calculating the number of owls after introduction, calculating crop production, and farmers' perceptions of controlling field rats using owls, as well as data analysis. Results showed that the use of owls is effective in controlling rice field rat pests, this is shown by the correlation between the high number of owls and the reduced level of rat attacks in rice field areas. Keywords: Ricefield rat, Owl, Policy, Predator, Rice.

Rat Population Increase And Damage To Rice Plantations With Different Irrigation Systems In Wajo Regency, South Sulawesi Province Haddina, Ummu; Priyambodo, Swastiko; Hindayana, Dadan
Asian Journal of Social and Humanities Vol. 2 No. 2 (2023): Asian Journal of Social and Humanities
Publisher : Pelopor Publikasi Akademika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59888/ajosh.v2i2.181

One of the rice producing regions in Indonesia is South Sulawesi. Wajo Regency is the second highest rice producing area in South Sulawesi, after Bone Regency. Based on the irrigation system, rice cultivation in Wajo Regency consists of technical irrigation, rainfed rice fields, and rice cultivation or dry land. Agriculture with various irrigation systems has an impact on pest population levels and the intensity of attacks. The decline in rice productivity is caused by many factors, one of which is the attack of rice rat pests that occur in several areas in Wajo Regency. There are several techniques and strategies for field rat management, ranging from sanitation, technical culture or plant cultivation, mechanical, biological, and chemical physical. All techniques and strategies of rice rat management must be applied integrated, continuously, and together in one stretch. This study aims to measure the potential presence of rice rats in several irrigation systems in Wajo Regency (irrigation, rainfed rice fields, and dryland rice), analyze the management of rice rats carried out by farmers, and the factors that affect it. The method used is observing rice planting patterns based on irrigation systems, estimating the population level of rice rats with single live traps and the level of attack on several rice planting irrigation systems. Likewise, rice rat population management in several rice planting irrigation systems, data analysis, and economic analysis. The result of this study is that the highest estimate of rats is in dryland rice plantations. The intensity of rat attacks was highest in dry land Pr>F 0.045 the area of attack was highest in rainfed land Pr>F was 0.0171, for intensity and area of attack in generative phase 1. The success of cultivation in dry land was 16.3% in generative phase 1 which was 16.48%. The presence of rats correlates both the intensity of the attack and the area of each addition of rats will increase the intensity of the attack by 0.155% and the area of attack by 0.308%.

Struktur komunitas kutu putih (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) dan musuh alaminya pada tanaman singkong (Manihot esculenta Crantz) di Kecamatan Ciampea dan Sukaraja, Kabupaten Bogor, Jawa Barat: Community structure of mealybugs (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) and their natural enemies on cassava plants (Manihot esculenta Crantz) in Ciampea and Sukaraja Subdistrict, Bogor, West Java Putri Indah Wahyuni; Dadan Hindayana; Sartiami, Dewi; Lexi Majesty Pendong
Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia Vol 22 No 3 (2025): November
Publisher : Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5994/jei.22.3.152

Cassava is one of the food commodities in Indonesia, but its productivity often decreases due to mealybug attacks (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae). This study aims to determine the type and abundance of mealybugs and the ecological relationships between them and their natural enemies on cassava plants. The sampling method employed was purposive sampling, involving the selection of 100 sample plants per location, namely Benteng Village and Pasirlaya Village, in Bogor Regency. Mealybug and parasitoid samples were taken from three infested leaves, while predators were collected from the plant canopy. Identification was carried out morphologically to the species level, analyzed using the ecological index, and compared using the Mann-Whitney test (P = 0.05). The study’s results identified four species of mealybugs: Paracoccus marginatus Williams & Granara de Willink, Ferrisia virgata (Cockerell), Pseudococcus jackbeardsleyi (Gimpel & Miller), and Phenacoccus manihoti Matile-Ferrero. Natural enemies of mealybugs found from the predator group were Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant, Plesiochrysa ramburi (Schneider), Scymnus sp.1, Scymnus sp.2, Theridion sp., and from the parasitoid group, namely Anagyrus lopezi (De Santis), Acerophagus papayae Noyes & Schauff. The diversity, evenness, and richness indices of arthropod species were higher in Pasirlaya, while dominance was higher in Benteng. The parasitization rate of A. papayae and A. lopezi was more stable in Pasirlaya, although the arthropod population did not differ significantly between locations (P = 0,31). This study concluded that Pa. marginatus and Ph. manihoti were the dominant mealybug species, with predators Theridion sp. and C. montrouzieri as the most abundant natural enemies, The parasitoid A. lopezi was known to parasitize Ph. manihoti, and A. papayae parasitized Pa. marginatus.

Farmers' Perception and Participation in Bat Conservation in Agricultural Areas of Banyuwangi, East Java, Indonesia Adelia, Venika Shafa; Priyambodo, Swastiko; Hindayana, Dadan; Wiantoro, Sigit
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 29, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.103894

Pests in the agricultural sector cause huge losses to farmers' production and income. Sustainable pest management, such as the utilization of natural predators, is important to maintain agricultural productivity. In Banyuwangi, East Java, Indonesia fruit-eating bats pose a threat to horticultural yields, although their ecological roles as pollinators and seed dispersers are recognized. Conflicts between bat conservation efforts and farmers' needs arise because most farmers view bats as pests. This study examines farmers' perceptions of bats and their participation in bat conservation in Banyuwangi, as well as the factors that influence their attitudes. Based on interviews and data analysis in three sub-districts, this study found that farmers' knowledge on the benefits of bats is not always directly proportional to their positive attitude towards them. To resolve this conflict, a management strategy that includes education, incentives and collaboration with farmers is suggested. Through this approach, a balance between bat conservation and agriculture sustainability is expected to be realized, providing long-term benefits for the ecosystem and agricultural productivity in the region.

Analysis of Rice Field Rat (Rattus argentiventer) Attacks After Owl (Tyto alba) Application in Karawang Regency, West Java Reza Rama Gunada; Swastiko Priyambodo; Dadan Hindayana
Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : The University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtep-l.v14i2.341-351

Environmentally friendly control using biological methods for rice field rats is currently being carried out, one of which is using the natural enemy of rice field rats, namely the owl predator which can control rice field rat pests without damaging rice and land or causing pollution. This research aims to evaluate the value of losses experienced by farmers caused by rice field rat pests in Karawang Regency, analyze farmers' perceptions and behavior towards controlling rice field rat pests using owls, implementation of rice field rat pest control in Karawang Regency, and policy priorities that can be implemented and taken to optimize the sustainable use of owls in the context of controlling rice field rat pests in Karawang Regency. The method used is a survey and field observation which includes observing the number of active rat nests, calculating the percentage of attacks, calculating the number of owls after introduction, calculating crop production, and farmers' perceptions of controlling field rats using owls, as well as data analysis. Results showed that the use of owls is effective in controlling rice field rat pests, this is shown by the correlation between the high number of owls and the reduced level of rat attacks in rice field areas. Keywords: Ricefield rat, Owl, Policy, Predator, Rice.

Geographic distribution of the invasive mealybug Phenacoccus manihoti and its introduced parasitoid Anagyrus lopezi in parts of Indonesia Muhammad Zainal Fanani; Aunu Rauf; Nina Maryana; Ali Nurmansyah; Dadan Hindayana
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 12 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d201238

Abstract. Fanani Z. M., Rauf A, Maryana N, Nurmansyah A, Hindayana D. 2019. Geographic distribution of the invasive mealybug Phenacoccus manihoti and its introduced parasitoid Anagyrus lopezi in parts of Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 3751-3757. Cassava mealybug, Phenacoccus manihoti Matile-Ferrero (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), is an invasive pest detected for the first time in Indonesia in 2010. An exotic parasitoid Anagyrus lopezi (De Santis) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) was introduced and released in 2014 to control the pest. Study was conducted with the objective to determine the geographic distribution of P. manihoti and spread of A. lopezi. Field surveys were conducted on cassava fields in various locations in Lampung, Java, and Nusa Tenggara. Our studies showed that P. manihoti was found to be widely distributed in Lampung, Banten, West Java, Central Java, East Java, West Nusa Tenggara and East Nusa Tenggara. In each location visited, symptoms of P. manihoti infestation as indicated by internode distortion and bunchy top were prominent. Three years following release, parasitoid A. lopezi has established and spread into several cassava growing areas, except East Nusa Tenggara. Parasitism rates varied from 1.50% in West Nusa Tenggara up to 59.18% in East Java. Logistic regression revealed that probability of severe damage by the cassava mealybug was significantly (P<0.05) increased with the increasing abundance of ants.

Parasitism disruption by ants of Anagyrus lopezi (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), parasitoid of cassava mealybug Muhammad Zainal Fanani; Aunu Rauf; Nina Maryana; Ali Nurmansyah; Dadan Hindayana
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 6 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210601

Abstract. Fanani MZ, Rauf A, Maryana N, Nurmansyah A, Hindayana D. 2020. Parasitism disruption by ants of Anagyrus lopezi (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), parasitoid of cassava mealybug. Biodiversitas 21: 2337-2343. Parasitoid, Anagyrus lopezi (De Santis) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) was introduced into Indonesia in 2014 to control the invasive cassava mealybug, Phenacoccus manihoti Matile-Ferrero (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae). Among ants associated with honeydew-producing hemipterans, there are three common species in Indonesia i.e., Anoplolepis gracilipes (Smith), Dolichoderus thoracicus (Smith), and Oecophylla smaragdina (Fabricius) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). The objective of this research was to investigate the relative influence of the three ant species on the parasitism of A. lopezi under laboratory conditions. Experiments were carried out by allowing a number of ants and parasitoids to forage on mealybugs-infested waterleaf (Talinum triangulare (Jaqc.) Willd.). The average time spent by individual parasitoid foraging was significantly longer (27.39 minutes) on ant-excluded plants compared to ant-attended plants (2.47- 4.68 minutes). Accordingly, parasitoid spent less time in finding hosts on ant-excluded plants, while spent a longer time in handling hosts. More oviposition activities by parasitoids on mealybug were occurred on ant-excluded plants compared to those on ant-attended plants. As a result, the percentage of parasitism and the number of wasps that emerged from the hosts on ant-excluded plants were almost 2 - 3 folds higher than those on ant-attended plants.

Parasitism of cassava mealybug by Anagyrus lopezi: Effects of varying host and parasitoid densities Muhammad Zainal Fanani; Aunu Rauf; Nina Maryana; Ali Nurmansyah; Dadan Hindayana
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 10 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d211064

Abstract. Fanani MZ, Rauf A, Maryana N, Nurmansyah A, Hindayana D. 2020. Parasitism of cassava mealybug by Anagyrus lopezi: Effects of varying host and parasitoid densities. Biodiversitas 21: 4973-4980. The solitary endoparasitoid Anagyrus lopezi (De Santis) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) was introduced into Indonesia in 2014 to control the cassava mealybug, Phenacoccus manihoti Matile-Ferrero (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae). The objectives of this study were to understand the influence of host and parasitoid densities on functional response and mutual interference of the parasitoid, by altering either the host or parasitoid density while keeping the other constant. The effects of host and parasitoid densities on parasitism, superparasitism, progeny production, and sex ratio were also assessed. Logistic regression was used to determine the shape of the functional response. Nonlinear least-squares regression was used to estimate the attack rate (a) and handling time (Th). Nicholson’s model and linear regression were used to determine per capita searching efficiency and interference coefficient, respectively. The logistic regression results suggested a Holling type II functional response to changing host densities, with an estimated attack rate (a) and handling time (Th) were 0.037 h-1 and 1.19 h, respectively. The estimated maximum number of mealybugs parasitized over 24-h period was 20.2 mealybugs. The wasp-mealybug ratio and offspring production increased significantly from 1:2 to 1:100 and from 1.35 to 10.45, respectively. However, the per capita number of parasitization decreased significantly from 14.20 to 4.37, with the increase in parasitoid density from 1 to 8. Searching efficiency of the parasitoid decreased significantly with increasing parasitoid density, with a mutual interference constant (m) of -0.52.

Comparisons of the composition of spider assemblages in three vegetation habitats in Bogor, West Java, Indonesia MAYANDA LIA; AUNU RAUF; DADAN HINDAYANA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230130

Abstract. Lia M, Rauf A, Hindayana D. 2021. Comparisons of the composition of spider assemblages in three vegetation habitats in Bogor, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 244-255. Vegetation structures are known to influence the microclimate and consequently the invertebrate assemblages. This study, therefore, aims to compare the species composition of assemblages of ground- and foliage-dwelling spiders in three vegetation habitats: undisturbed urban forest, oil palm plantation, and cornfield, in Bogor, West Java. To ensure a thorough representation of all spider guilds, spiders were collected using pitfall traps, sweep net, and through a direct search on ground and vegetation from January to July 2016. A total of 2299 individual spiders, representing 28 families and 207 species/morphospecies were collected. The spider species richness, abundance, and diversity were higher in the forest and oil palm plantation, compared to the cornfield. Furthermore, the dominant guild in the forest habitat was orb weavers, while the oil palm and corn habitats were dominated by ground runners. The non-metric multidimensional scaling exhibited that the composition of spider assemblages varied among the three vegetation habitats, with spider assemblages in forest habitat associated with higher RH, while the corn habitat was correlated with high light intensity and air temperature. The indicator species analysis revealed that Tetragnathidae has high potential as indicators of the dense, complex vegetation structure of the forest, while Lycosidae is indicators of the more open vegetation of oil palm plantation and cornfield habitats.

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