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PENGOLAHAN SUSU SAPI MELALUI PEMBUATAN YOGHURT PADA KELOMPOK TERNAK HARAPAN BARU M3 SAIYO DI KOTA PADANG PANJANG Zulkarnaini Zulkarnaini; Eka Faradilla Hasanah; Shinta Silvia; Tivany Edwin; Rinda Andhita Regia; Desto Jumeno
Jurnal Hilirisasi IPTEKS Vol 6 No 2 (2023)
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jhi.v6i2.643

Abstract

The production and marketing of cow's milk owned by dairy farmers Harapan Baru M3 Saiyo experienced several problems, such as low selling prices and perceptions of cow's milk that the smell of cows is not liked by the public and milking which is still done manually which is considered less hygienic. This activity aims to educate the Silaing Atas Village, Padang Panjang City community, to process milk from local cattle farms. This activity was carried out in the Silaing Atas Village, KB Village, Batu Limo Tourism Object, Padang Panjang Regency. The exercise targets women and youth in the Silaing Atas Village, Padang Panjang City. The activities carried out included counseling and training on making yogurt based on dairy cow's milk belonging to the Harapan Baru M3 Saiyo farm. Sixty participants attended this activity. The participants were very enthusiastic about this yogurt-making training and counseling activity. The results of this yogurt-making activity benefitted the people of Padang Panjang city in supporting a healthy lifestyle. This activity can increase public awareness of the importance of consuming milk and yogurt to fulfill family nutrition. The simple manufacture of yogurt has inspired several community members to start a home-scale yogurt-making business. In addition, after replacing spare parts, cattle breeders can reuse automatic milking equipment to ensure the sanitation and hygiene of milk products.
Pemicuan Community Led Total Sanitation di Jorong Lubuk Koto, Nagari Sialang, Kecamatan Kapur IX, Kabupaten 50 Kota Zulkarnaini Zulkarnaini; Berlinda Vaniake Wemas
Warta Pengabdian Andalas Vol 30 No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (LPPM) Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jwa.30.2.361-369.2023

Abstract

The main factors related to open defecation behaviour in Jorong Lubuk Koto are the lack of basic sanitation facilities and the low level of public knowledge regarding health problems due to poor sanitation. Triggering Community Led Total Sanitation (CLTS) is needed to help the community understand the diseases caused by open defecation practices and encourage community behaviour change to stop open defecation. Based on data from the Regional Technical Implementation Unit of Sialang Public Health Center, the percentage of households with pit latrines is only 31.8%. CLTS had yet to be previously implemented in Jorong Lubuk Koto. Therefore, Jorong Lubuk Koto was chosen as the location for triggering CLTS. The CLTS activities included triggering, observations, and interviews through questionnaires. The pre-test and post-test questionnaires showed the increasing knowledge of participants regarding diseases caused by open defecation practices and the community's desire to build healthy family latrines.
Pemanfaatan Limbah Sedotan Plastik sebagai Media Lekat dalam Proses Anammox: Utilization of Waste Plastic Straws as Carrier in the Anammox Process Zulkarnaini; Annisa Aulia Rasyidah; Ridwan
Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan Vol. 24 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : BRIN Publishing (Penerbit BRIN)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/jtl.2023.239

Abstract

Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) bacteria tend to settle in the reactor due to self-granulation capability. Carrier is used to enhancing nitrogen removal by anammox biofilm. This study analyzed nitrogen removal using plastic straws as carriers and compared nitrogen removal at different heights of the reactor. The study was conducted using an up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor with a volume of 300 mL with three sampling points of 8, 16, and 24 cm and operated for 72 days continuously. The artificial wastewater containing 70 mg-N/L ammonium and nitrite was continuously delivered into the reactor with a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 6 hours and 3 hours. Cultivated anammox bacteria from Lake Koto Baru, Indonesia, was inoculated into the reactor to start the experiment. The nitrogen removal performance was calculated based on the influent and effluent concentrations of ammonium, nitrate, and nitrite. The nitrogen removal performance achieved a nitrogen removal rate (NRR) of 0.96 kg-N/m3·d, nitrogen removal efficiency (NRE) of 74.62%, and ammonium conversion efficiency (ACE) of 87%. This study shows that nitrogen removal can be optimized by using plastic straws as the carrier. The nitrogen removal mainly occurred in the bottom of the reactor where the average nitrogen removal at 1/3, 2/3, and top of reactor height was 60, 30, and 10%, respectively.   Abstrak Bakteri anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) cenderung mengendap di dasar reaktor karena kemampuannya untuk membentuk granular. Media lekat sering digunakan untuk meningkatkan penyisihan nitrogen berupa biofilm anammox. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penyisihan nitrogen menggunakan sedotan plastik sebagai media lekat dan membandingkan penyisihan nitrogen pada ketinggian reaktor. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan reaktor up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) bervolume 300 mL dengan 3 titik sampling yaitu pada ketinggian 8, 16, dan 24 cm yang dioperasikan selama 72 hari. Bakteri anammox yang telah dikultivasi dari Telaga Koto Baru, Kabupaten Tanah Datar, Sumatra Barat, diinokulasikan ke dalam reaktor untuk memulai percobaan. Air limbah artifisial yang mengandung 70 mg-N/L amonium dan nitrit dialirkan ke dalam reaktor secara kontinu dengan hydraulic retention time (HRT) 6 jam dan 3 jam. Kinerja penyisihan nitrogen dihitung berdasarkan konsentrasi amonium, nitrit dan nitrat. Penyisihan nitrogen maksimal mencapai nitrogen removal rate (NRR) 0,96 kg-N/m3.h, nitrogen removal efficiency (NRE) 74,62%, dan ammonium conversion efficiency (ACE) 87%. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penyisihan nitrogen dapat dioptimalkan dengan menggunakan sedotan plastik sebagai media. Penyisihan nitrogen terutama terjadi di bagian bawah reaktor di mana rata-rata penyisihan nitrogen pada 1/3, 2/3, dan paling atas ketinggian reaktor masing-masing adalah 60, 30, dan 10%.
PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH PERTANIAN TONGKOL JAGUNG SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKU PEMBUATAN BRIKET DI NAGARI BUKIK SIKUMPA KABUPATEN LIMA PULUH KOTA Zulkarnaini Zulkarnaini; Khasman Khasman; Chyntia Dhiya Ulhaq
Jurnal Hilirisasi IPTEKS Vol 6 No 3 (2023)
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jhi.v6i3.689

Abstract

This activity aims to provide a solution for the people of Nagari Bukik Sikumpa, Lareh Sago Halaban Sub-district, Lima Puluh Kota Regency, in dealing with the abundance of corn cobs resulting from agricultural waste. These cobs can be raw materials to produce briquette charcoal, which has commercial value and is an eco-friendly alternative energy source. The methodology employed was to conduct a socialization effort that introduced the concept of briquette charcoal, accompanied by a demonstration of briquette charcoal production. The aim was to utilize agricultural waste, specifically corn cob, and turn it into an environmentally friendly and commercially viable product. Additionally, posters were put up to support information dissemination relating to briquettes within the community of Nagari Bukik Sikumpa. Based on the conducted socialization activities, the community's enthusiasm was evident through the attendance of 160 people and numerous questions asked during the event. The outcome of this activity is in the form of briquette charcoal that can sustain flame for approximately 1 hour and 7 minutes per piece of briquette without emitting carbon during the burning process. With the implementation of this activity, it can be concluded that the community has understood how to process agricultural waste from corn cobs, which are typically discarded as they are, into briquettes that have commercial value and serve as an eco-friendly alternative energy source. Corn cob briquettes could provide a promising business opportunity for the local community due to the abundance of agricultural waste in the form of corn cobs, which is not utilized in the local region. Corn cob briquettes have gained significant interest among the locals as they can be made from easily obtainable materials.
Sistematik Literatur Review Eksplorasi dan Identifikasi Karakteristik Padi Lokal Sumatra Barat Zulkarnaini Zulkarnaini; Irfan Suliansyah; Gusmini Gusmini; Syafrimen Yasin
HORIZON: Indonesian Journal of Multidisciplinary Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024): HORIZON: Indonesian Journal of Multidisciplinary (In-Press)
Publisher : Lembaga Intelektual Muda (LIM) Maluku

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54373/hijm.v2i1.665

Abstract

As much as 75% of people's daily calorie input in Asian countries comes from rice One of the provinces that has great potential as a contributor to national rice production is West Sumatra. Supported by natural resources and good climatic conditions and a large population, which is 4,846,909 people. The purpose of this article is to find out the development and mapping of research topics on Exploration and Identification of Local Rice Characteristics of West Sumatra. The type of research used is literature review using bibliometric analysis. The bibliometric analysis in this study shows a study of the evolutionary process on the research topic with local West Sumatran rice from 2010 to 2023. Vosviewer is an important programming tool for visualizing and analyzing network visualizations in mapping bibliometric analysis. Around 235 articles obtained from the Google Scholar database show that there is a use of the term West Sumatran local rice and can be a topic of future research.
PEMBUATAN PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR SEBAGAI UPAYA PENGURANGAN SAMPAH DI KELURAHAN KURAO PAGANG KOTA PADANG Calysta Deli Ad'hani; Bayu Muhammad Ilham; Kiki Ervina; Zulkarnaini Zulkarnaini
Jurnal Hilirisasi IPTEKS Vol 7 No 2 (2024)
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jhi.v7i2.770

Abstract

Household organic waste can be used as raw material to produce Liquid Organic Fertilizer (LOF) as an effort to reduce the amount of solid waste disposed of at Temporary Disposal Sites (TPS). The organic fertilizer produced can be reused in home gardens, such as for ornamental or fruit plants. In addition to being used as fertilizer, LOF can be used as a starter for making other organic fertilizers or as a decomposer in the production of compost. The community empowerment activities in making LOF aim to raise awareness of the potential of household waste as a valuable resource. Through a participatory approach, the community is encouraged to actively engage in the process of converting waste into LOF, which benefits agriculture and the environment. The empowerment and community development activities regarding the application of simple LOF production were conducted at RT 03 RW 09, Tanjung Berok, Kurao Pagang Sub-District, Padang City. The activities included socialization, education, and practical training on converting household organic waste into LOF using buckets as containers. As a result of these activities, the community gained increased knowledge in processing household organic waste into LOF and Microorganism Liquid (MOL), which can be used for fruit and ornamental plants in their yards and residential areas. The attendees realized the importance of protecting the environment by managing their household waste and avoiding disposing of waste into water channels.
Effect of Electrode Distance, Stirring Speed and Contact Time on Removal of Polyethylene Microplastics (Microbeads) Using Electrocoagulation Method Fadhila Fadhila; Zulkarnaini Zulkarnaini; Amir Husin; Ferdy Ashari Syawal
Elkawnie: Journal of Islamic Science and Technology Vol 10, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/ekw.v10i1.22195

Abstract

Abstract: Daily use of personal care products containing microbeads causes severe problems for the aquatic environment. Greywater is a pathway for microbeads to enter domestic waste and wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) from personal care products. Their tiny size and hydrophobic nature allow microbeads to escape from WWTPs and end up in surface water. Therefore, processing efforts are needed to remove microbeads, one of which is using the electrocoagulation method with aluminum (Al) electrodes. This study aims to evaluate the performance of the electrocoagulation process using Al electrodes arranged in a monopolar configuration in a batch reactor to see the effect of variations in distance between electrodes of 1, 2.5, and 3.5 cm, stirring speed of 150, 200, and 250 rpm; with the contact time 60, 120, and 180 minutes in removing microbeads from artificial wastewater. This research shows that the best efficiency value of 99.30% occurs in operating conditions with a distance between electrodes of 2.5 cm, a stirring speed of 150 rpm, and a contact time of 180 minutes. ANOVA results showed that distance between electrodes, stirring speed, and contact time significantly affected microbead removal efficiency (p<0.05). The results of this research can be a reference for alternative tertiary processing at WWTPs.Abstrak: Penggunaan produk perawatan pribadi sehari-hari yang mengandung microbeads menyebabkan masalah serius bagi lingkungan perairan. Greywater merupakan jalur masuknya microbeads ke dalam limbah domestik dan instalasi pengolahan air limbah (IPAL) dari produk perawatan pribadi. Ukurannya yang sangat kecil dan sifat hidrofobiknya memungkinkan microbeads keluar dari IPAL dan berakhir ke air permukaan. Oleh karena itu diperlukan upaya pengolahan untuk menyisihkan microbeads, salah satunya dengan menggunakan metode elektrokoagulasi dengan elektroda aluminium (Al). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kinerja proses elektrokoagulasi menggunakan elektroda Al yang disusun dalam konfigurasi monopolar dalam reaktor batch untuk melihat pengaruh variasi jarak antar elektroda 1, 2,5, dan 3,5 cm, kecepatan pengadukan 150, 200, dan 250 rpm, dan waktu kontak 60, 120, dan 180 menit dalam menyisihkan microbeads dari air limbah artifisial. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa nilai efisiensi terbaik sebesar 99,30% terjadi pada kondisi operasi dengan jarak antar elektroda 2,5 cm, kecepatan pengadukan 150 rpm, dan waktu kontak 180 menit. Hasil ANOVA menunjukkan bahwa jarak antar elektroda, kecepatan pengadukan, dan waktu kontak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap efisiensi penyisihan microbead (p<0,05). Hasil penelitian ini dapat menjadi referensi alternatif pengolahan tersier di IPAL.
Analysis of The Effect of Aluminum Electrode Geometry on The Removal of Polyethylene Microbeads Using The Electrocoagulation Method in Greywater Ferdy Ashari Syawal; Zulkarnaini Zulkarnaini; Shinta Indah; Fadhila Fadhila
Elkawnie: Journal of Islamic Science and Technology Vol 10, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/ekw.v10i1.22307

Abstract

Abstract: The increasing use of cosmetics and personal care products containing small-sized and low-density microbeads will disrupt the aquatic environment because they are difficult to remove in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Electrocoagulation (EC) is an effective technology for removing microbeads from greywater. This research aims to develop an effective cylindrical electrode geometry design in the EC process to reduce electrode passivation, as evidenced by the removal of polyethylene (PE) microbeads from greywater, reduced energy consumption, and the analysis of the EC kinetics model. Experiments were carried out on batch and continuous systems using artificial greywater with an initial concentration of 0.5 g/L. Variations made in the batch system are the geometry of the cylindrical electrode without holes (ESTB), a cylindrical electrode with holes (ESB), a cylindrical electrode with anode with holes, and a cathode with no holes (ESB-A), a cylindrical electrode with cathode, with holes and anode with no holes (ESB-K), and plate electrode (EP). The variations carried out in the continuous system were flow rates of 60, 70, 80, and 90 mL/minute using the best electrode geometry design obtained from the batch system. The best removal efficiency of PE microbeads in a batch system was 98.44% in ESB-K geometry and saved 75% energy consumption compared to EP. The best removal efficiency of PE microbeads in a continuous system was 79.76% at a flow rate of 60 mL/minute. The kinetic model of the EC reaction which corresponds to the removal process of PE microbeads is a first-order reaction. Future research should focus on optimizing the design of continuous reactors so that they can be applied to tertiary processing in domestic WWTPs and industrial WWTPs.Abstrak: Meningkatnya penggunaan kosmetik dan produk perawatan pribadi (CPCP) yang mengandung microbeads berukuran kecil dan berkepadatan rendah akan mengganggu lingkungan perairan karena sulit disisihkan di instalasi pengolahan air limbah (IPAL). Elektrokoagulasi adalah teknologi yang efektif untuk menyisihkan microbeads dari greywater. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan desain geometri elektroda silinder yang efektif pada proses elektrokoagulasi untuk mengurangi pasivasi elektroda yang dibuktikan dari penyisihan microbeads polyethylene dari greywater dan pengurangan konsumsi energi yang digunakan dan menganalisis model kinetika elektrokoagukasi. Eksperimen dilakukan pada sistem batch dan kontinu menggunakan greywater artifisial dengan konsentrasi awal 0,5 g/L. Variasi yang dilakukan pada sistem batch adalah geometri elektroda silinder tidak berlubang (ESTB), elektroda  silinder  berlubang (ESB), elektroda silinder anoda berlubang dan katoda  tidak  berlubang (ESB-A), elektroda  silinder  katoda  berlubang  dan  anoda  tidak  berlubang (ESB-K), dan elektroda pelat (EP). Variasi yang dilakukan pada sistem kontinu adalah laju alir 60, 70, 80, dan 90 mL/menit menggunakan desain geometri elektroda terbaik yang diperoleh dari sistem batch. Efisiensi penyisihan microbeads polyethylene terbaik pada sistem batch sebesar 98,44% pada geometri ESB-K dan menghemat 75% konsumsi energi dibandingkan EP. Efisiensi penyisihan microbeads polyethylene terbaik pada sistem kontinu sebesar 79,76% pada laju alir 60 mL/menit. Model kinetika reaksi elektrokoagulasi yang sesuai dengan proses penyisihan microbeads polyethylene adalah reaksi orde satu. Penelitian selanjutnya harus berfokus pada optimalisasi desain reaktor kontinu, sehingga dapat diterapkan pada pengolahan tersier di IPAL domestik maupun IPAL industri.
Analysis of Microplastics of Bilih Fish (Mystacoleucus padangensis) in Lake Singkarak, West Sumatra Using FT-IR Spectroscopy Ad'hani, Calysta Deli; Zulkarnaini, Zulkarnaini; Silvia, Shinta; Yuranda, Fitri
Elkawnie: Journal of Islamic Science and Technology Vol 10, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/ekw.v10i2.22336

Abstract

Abstract: Microplastics have become a global concern due to their wide distribution and ecological effects. Understanding the interactions between microplastics and ecosystems is important for environmental risk assessment. This study analyzed the abundance and distribution of microplastics in Lake Singkarak. Substantial microplastic research is still lacking for freshwater biota, so a study was conducted to determine the level of microplastic pollution in bilih fish tissue. The fish's size, weight, and sampling point were studied about microplastic uptake through two channels, digestion and respiration. From the results, the types of polymers identified in this study were polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, and polyethylene terephthalate. Overall, 7.14% - 23.53% (average = 11.48%) of microplastics were identified in the D tract of bilih fish from sixteen different sampling points. While 7.69% - 17.39% (average = 11.85%) of microplastics were identified in the respiration of bilih fish. The highest percentage of the abundance of microplastic forms in the digestions identified was fiber at 70.42% and 66.82% in the digestions. At the same time, The lowest percentage identified was fragmented, with an average abundance of 29.58% in digestion and 33.32% in respiration. In conclusion, this study reveals the presence and impact of microplastics in Lake Singkarak, West Sumatra, on the bilih fish (Mystacoleucus padangensis). By examining the fish's digestive and respiratory systems and using FT-IR Spectroscopy, the research highlights the ecological and economic implications of microplastic pollution. These findings emphasize the need for targeted conservation and management strategies.Abstrak: Mikroplastik telah menjadi perhatian global karena distribusinya yang luas dan efek ekologisnya. Pemahaman tentang interaksi antara mikroplastik dengan ekosistem dinilai penting untuk penilaian risiko lingkungannya. Penelitian ini menganalisis kelimpahan dan distribusi mikroplastik di Danau Singkarak. Penelitian mikroplastik secara substansial masih sedikit untuk biota air tawar maka dilakukan penelitian untuk menentukan tingkat polusi mikroplastik pada jaringan ikan bilih. Ukuran, berat, dan titik sampling ikan diteliti dalam kaitannya dengan jerapan mikroplastik melalui dua saluran, yaitu digestif (pencernaan) dan respirasi (pernapasan). Dari hasil penelitian, jenis polimer yang teridentifikasi dalam penelitian ini adalah jenis polietilen, polivinil klorida, dan polietilen tereftalat. Secara keseluruhan 7,14% - 23,53% (rata-rata = 11,48%) mikroplastik teridentifikasi pada digestif ikan bilih dari enam belas titik sampling yang berbeda. Sementara 7,69% - 17,39% (rata-rata = 11,85%) mikroplastik teridentifikasi pada respirasi ikan bilih. Persentase kelimpahan bentuk mikroplastik tertinggi pada digestif yang diidentifikasi adalah fiber sebesar 70,42% dan 66,82% pada digestif. Sementara persentase terendah yang diidentifikasi adalah fragment dengan rata-rata kelimpahan sebesar 29,58% di digestif dan 33,32% di respirasi. Sebagai kesimpulan, penelitian ini mengungkap keberadaan dan dampak mikroplastik di Danau Singkarak, Sumatera Barat, pada ikan bilih (Mystacoleucus padangensis). Dengan memeriksa sistem pencernaan dan pernapasan ikan serta menggunakan Spektroskopi FT-IR, studi ini menunjukkan implikasi ekologis dan ekonomi dari polusi mikroplastik. Temuan ini menekankan perlunya strategi konservasi dan pengelolaan yang terarah.
Analisis Komposisi Sedimen di Unit Pengolahan Limbah Kota Padang Ummi, Sodaya; Zulkarnaini; Indah, Shinta
Jurnal Serambi Engineering Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Serambi Mekkah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to identify factors that affect environmental parameters in sediments and their impact on sewage treatment plant in Padang city in order to become a basic scientific reference in effective and sustainable water resources management. The measurements were carried out at 5 artificial system locations, namely the Rubber Factory Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP), Tofu Factory wastewater drainage, WWTP of Teaching Hospital Andalas University, Fecal Sludge Treatment Plant, and Leachate Treatment Plant at the Air Dingin of Landfill in Padang City, West Sumatra. The measured water parameters are pH, temperature, and salinity, while the measured sediments are nitrite and nitrate. Analysis of environmental parameters in the waters were temperature (30 - 34°C), pH (5.5 - 6.8), and salinity (0 ± 0.4 ppt). The results obtained in the sediment were nitrite (0.63 - 153.58 mg/L), and nitrate (19.28 - 50.01mg/L). Factors that affect water and sediment parameters are biological activity and anthropogenic contaminants. One of the causes of high concentrations of environmental parameters in sediments is the ability of sediments to accumulate and absorb particles and chemicals.