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Journal : Journal of Economics, Business,

Capital Account Liberalization and Income Inequality: A Panel Study of 28 European Countries Muhammad Taufik Radhianshah; Akhmad Syakir Kurnia
Journal of Economics, Business, & Accountancy Ventura Vol 24, No 1 (2021): April - July 2021
Publisher : Universitas Hayam Wuruk Perbanas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14414/jebav.v24i1.2530

Abstract

Financial globalization has evolved from domestic policy to international scope policy. One of its form is capital liberalization which we can observe from the declining number of restrictions among countries for cross-border financial transaction, and the increasing level of capital flow between countries. Europe cross-country financial transaction has been increasing for the last three decades and this increase happened simultaneously with the increase of income inequality as measured with Gini index. This condition gives impression that there is a positive correlation between income inequality and capital account liberalization. This research aims to study whether income inequality corresponds to the increase of capital account liberalization in 28 Europe countries. Furthermore, this research seeks to understand the role of institutional quality and financial depth as threshold variables. By employing System GMM Estimator on balanced panel data, this study finds that capital account liberalization positively correlated with income inequality and institutional quality proven to be important threshold variable. These findings emphasize the urgency for policy maker to consider institutional quality before or during the implementation of capital account liberalization.
Local indicators of spatial association (LISA) of Indonesian workers Caroline, Caroline; Sugiyanto, FX; Kurnia, Akhmad Syakir; Irwandi, Soni Agus
Journal of Economics, Business, and Accountancy Ventura Vol. 22 No. 2 (2019): August - November 2019
Publisher : Universitas Hayam Wuruk Perbanas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14414/jebav.v22i2.1685

Abstract

The migration of Indonesian workers abroad and that of foreign workers into Indonesia made problems for the economic growth of Indonesia and ASEAN. This study attempts to analyze the patterns of spatial interaction of labor that occur in Indonesia. It used the Euclidean distance, spatial weight matrix approach to calculate the Local Indicators of Spatial Association (LISA). This study took a sample of workers in ASEAN member countries with a focus on analysis on Indonesian workers during 2004-2018. Analysis was performed using spatial panel data. The results showed that there was a change in the pattern of spatial interaction of Indonesian workers, which in 2004 had a lot of spatial interactions with workers from countries with a large workforce. However, in 2018, they interacted spatially with workers from countries with few workers. Besides, the majority of Indonesian migrants work as low-ranking workers in ASEAN countries, while the majority of foreign workers from ASEAN countries work in managerial and professional levels. This implies that the Indonesian government needs to provide technical and managerial skills, soft skills, and English for migrant workers before working abroad so that they are better able to compete with foreign workers and subsequently receive better salaries.
Local indicators of spatial association (LISA) of Indonesian workers Caroline, Caroline; Sugiyanto, FX; Kurnia, Akhmad Syakir; Irwandi, Soni Agus
Journal of Economics, Business, and Accountancy Ventura Vol. 22 No. 2 (2019): August - November 2019
Publisher : Universitas Hayam Wuruk Perbanas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14414/jebav.v22i2.1685

Abstract

The migration of Indonesian workers abroad and that of foreign workers into Indonesia made problems for the economic growth of Indonesia and ASEAN. This study attempts to analyze the patterns of spatial interaction of labor that occur in Indonesia. It used the Euclidean distance, spatial weight matrix approach to calculate the Local Indicators of Spatial Association (LISA). This study took a sample of workers in ASEAN member countries with a focus on analysis on Indonesian workers during 2004-2018. Analysis was performed using spatial panel data. The results showed that there was a change in the pattern of spatial interaction of Indonesian workers, which in 2004 had a lot of spatial interactions with workers from countries with a large workforce. However, in 2018, they interacted spatially with workers from countries with few workers. Besides, the majority of Indonesian migrants work as low-ranking workers in ASEAN countries, while the majority of foreign workers from ASEAN countries work in managerial and professional levels. This implies that the Indonesian government needs to provide technical and managerial skills, soft skills, and English for migrant workers before working abroad so that they are better able to compete with foreign workers and subsequently receive better salaries.
Capital Account Liberalization and Income Inequality: A Panel Study of 28 European Countries Radhianshah, Muhammad Taufik; Kurnia, Akhmad Syakir
Journal of Economics, Business, and Accountancy Ventura Vol. 24 No. 1 (2021): April - July 2021
Publisher : Universitas Hayam Wuruk Perbanas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14414/jebav.v24i1.2530

Abstract

Financial globalization has evolved from domestic policy to international scope policy. One of its form is capital liberalization which we can observe from the declining number of restrictions among countries for cross-border financial transaction, and the increasing level of capital flow between countries. Europe cross-country financial transaction has been increasing for the last three decades and this increase happened simultaneously with the increase of income inequality as measured with Gini index. This condition gives impression that there is a positive correlation between income inequality and capital account liberalization. This research aims to study whether income inequality corresponds to the increase of capital account liberalization in 28 Europe countries. Furthermore, this research seeks to understand the role of institutional quality and financial depth as threshold variables. By employing System GMM Estimator on balanced panel data, this study finds that capital account liberalization positively correlated with income inequality and institutional quality proven to be important threshold variable. These findings emphasize the urgency for policy maker to consider institutional quality before or during the implementation of capital account liberalization.