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Journal : Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics

Enhancing solar panel efficiency through dual-axis tracking and fresnel lens concentration: an image processing approach Ghozi Witsqa Ramadhan, Muhammad; Halim, Levin; Wahab, Faisal
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 14, No 2: April 2025
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/eei.v14i2.8465

Abstract

Solar energy is currently utilized as an inexhaustible renewable energy source. Solar panels can convert solar energy into electrical energy that humans can use. The drawback of solar panels is that they cannot always be perpendicular to the sun, causing a decrease in the intensity of incoming light. Therefore, in this research, a solar tracking system with a fresnel lens was designed using image processing to increase the output of solar panels. In this research, programming was done using Python software for image processing using the hue, saturation, value (HSV) color, and space model, which was then connected with Arduino using the PyFirmata library to move the motor. In this research, solar panels with a fresnel lens and solar tracking were implemented. Data collection was performed on the output voltage of the solar panel. The research concludes that solar panels with solar tracker and fresnel lens have a higher average output voltage of 7.53 V than passive solar panels with an average output voltage of 6.38 V. Also, the average output voltage increased by 18.02% after implementing the solar tracking system and adding the fresnel lens.
Design and implementation of linear quadratic regulator control for two-wheeled self-balancing robot Gilang Buana Putra, Leonardus; Wahab, Faisal; Agustinus Tamba, Tua
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 14, No 2: April 2025
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/eei.v14i2.8689

Abstract

This research aimed to develop a control system for a self-balancing robot (SBR) based on the mathematical model of an inverted pendulum on a two-wheeled cart. The linear quadratic regulator (LQR) control was implemented to maintain the SBR’s balance under normal conditions. A linearization approach was used to convert the dynamic model into a linear form, enabling the application of LQR. Testing was conducted through simulations and a physical SBR prototype equipped with an MPU6050 sensor and NEMA 17 motor. The test results demonstrated the effectiveness of the LQR control in maintaining the SBR’s balance and its responsiveness to disturbances. Although there are differences between the simulations and physical implementation, the system successfully maintained the SBR’s balance. In conclusion, the use of the inverted pendulum mathematical model and the implementation of LQR control successfully produced a stable and effective control system for SBR balance. By testing various values of the LQR parameters, optimal robot control parameters can be obtained.