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All Journal Interaksi Online Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pathology and Medical Laboratory (IJCPML) Causa: Jurnal Hukum dan Kewarganegaraan
Endang Retnowati
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Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Social Sciences

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COMPARISON OF PERIPHERAL BLOOD ACTIVATED NK CELL PERCENTAGE BEFORE AND AFTER INDUCTION PHASE CHEMOTHERAPY IN PEDIATRIC ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA Syntia TJ; Endang Retnowati; Yetti Hernaningsih; I Dewa Gede Ugrasena; Soeprapto Ma’at
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 23, No 3 (2017)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v23i3.1208

Abstract

Leukemia Limfoblastik Akut (LLA) adalah keganasan sel progenitor limfoid yang berasal dari sumsum tulang dan ditandai proliferasileukosit. Kejadian LLA masih tinggi, sehingga perlu diteliti peran sel NK dalam melawan leukemia. Tujuan penelitian adalah untukmengetahui perbedaan persentase sel NK teraktivasi sebelum dan sesudah pengobatan induksi dan hubungan persentase sel NK teraktivasisebelum pengobatan induksi dengan keluaran kemoterapi pasien LLA anak. Penelitian analitik observasional dengan rancang banguncohort prospektif. Subjek penelitian 27 pasien di Ruang Rawat Inap Hemato-Onkologi Anak RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya, antara bulanMaret–Juli 2016. Metode memeriksa flowcytometry menggunakan alat BD FACS CaliburTM reagen Fast Immune CD56FITC/CD69PE/CD45 Per CP No.katalog.5055879. Analisis statistik dengan uji Wilcoxon Signed Rank dan regresi logistik. Terdapat perbedaan bermaknarerata persentase sel NK teraktivasi sebelum pengobatan induksi 0,57% (SB 0,53%) dan sesudahnya 2,01% (SB 1,86%) p=0,000.Menunjukkan peningkatan bermakna sel NK teraktivasi sesudah pengobatan induksi. Kenasaban sel NK teraktivasi sebelum pengobataninduksi dengan keluaran kemoterapi berkurangnya gejala penyakit (remisi) dan meninggal R=0.723 berarti kenasabannya kuat.Peningkatan persentase sel NK teraktivasi sesudah pengobatan induksi disebabkan kerja kemoterapi meningkatkan hasil MICA/B dankerja activating receptors sel NK (NKG2D) yang bersifat sitotoksik yang kuat. Persentase sel NK teraktivasi sebelum pengobatan induksiyang rendah disebabkan mekanisme menghilangnya tumor di LLA. Terdapat perbedaan bermakna persentase sel NK teraktivasi sebelumdan sesudah pengobatan induksi. Hasilnya dapat menjadi peramal keberhasilan pemberian kemoterapi LLA anak. Persentase sel NKteraktivasi sebelum kemoterapi tahap induksi yang tinggi berpengaruh kuat terhadap keluaran kemoterapi berkurangnya gejala penyakitdan sebaliknya bila rendah berpengaruh terhadap kemungkinan yang bersangkutan meninggal. Diperlukan hasil jangka panjang sampaiselesai dalam pengelolaan pemberian pengobatan terkait.
INTERLEUKIN-10 PLASMA DAN LIMFOSIT-T CD4+ PENDERITA TERINFEKSI HIV Kadek Mulyantari; Endang Retnowati; Nasronudin Nasronudin
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 18, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v18i1.351

Abstract

HIV & AIDS have become a global problem throughout the world including Indonesia. The incidence is rapidly increasing. Various treatment and efforts have been carried out but until now have not yet been succeeded, the mortality remains high. Examination of CD4+ lymphocyte-T which is carried out to determine the immune status and monitoring the treatment has some limitation. Besides the degradation of CD4+ lymphocyte-T, the increase of the disease progression is also followed by an increase of interleukin-10 as well. The determination of interleukin-10 is expected to be use as an alternative examination if CD4+ lymphocyte-T can not be performed. To analyze the correlation between the levels of plasma interleukin-10 and amount of CD4+ lymphocyte-T in the asymptomatic HIV infected patients. A cross sectional, observational analytical study of 41 patients with HIV infection stage I, has been conducted from March–April 2009, at the Intermediate Infectious Disease Care Unit Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya. The diagnosis of HIV patients was based on positive result of HIV test using three (3) different methods. Eight mL venous blood were taken from each patient, 6 mL is put into a heparin tube for the examination of IL-10 plasma with ELISA method and 2 mL is put into a K3EDTA tube for examining the CD4+ lymphocyte-T using flowcytometry. The results showed of plasma IL-10 level and the amount of CD4+ lymphocyte-T, which were analyzed by Pearson correlation test to determine the correlation between the two (2) variabels. The IL-10 levels in HIV patients were 3.80–44.50 pg/mL (mean 18.09 pg/mL, SD 8.84 pg/mL). The amount of absolute CD4+ lymphocyte-T was 5–846 cells/µL (mean 322.07 cells/µL and SD 221.89 cells/µL), while the amount of percentage CD4+ lymphocyte-T was 0.41–29.48% (mean 13.99%, SD 7.62%). Statistical analyzes show a significant negative correlation either between plasma IL-10 level with absolute CD4+lymphocyte-T and plasma IL-10 level with percentage of CD4+ lymphocyte-T, e ach level of r was –0.652 and –0,683. A significant negative correlation was also formed between plasma IL-10 level and the amount of CD4+ lymphocyte-T in the HIV infected patients. In the HIV infected patients, the increase of plasma IL-10 level was followed by a decrease of CD4+ lymphocyte-T.
KOMPLEMEN SERUM C3C DAN LIMFOSIT T-CD4+ DARAH I. Komang Parwata; Endang Retnowati; Betty Agustina Tambunan
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 19, No 3 (2013)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v19i3.415

Abstract

The incidence of HIV and AIDS infection continues to increase despite various treatments have been applied, thus the mortality rate remains high. The examination of CD4+ T lymphocytes number to determine the immune status and the monitoring of therapy has some limitations in facilities and personnel examination as well as expensive costs. The decrease in CD4+ T lymphocytes number will be followed by an increase in the virus number and complement activation, so that the C3c complement levels will decrease. The purpose of this study was to know the correlation between C3c complement serum levels and CD4+ T lymphocytes number in stage I HIV-infected patients by determining them. This research is an observational cross-sectional study. Thirty samples of stage I HIV-infected patients at the UPIPI of Dr. Soetomo Hospital were included in this study; they were collected between July and August 2011. HIV diagnosis was confirmed by positive HIV test results using three different methods. The CD4+ T lymphocytes number were examined using flowcytometry (FACS Calibur, Becton Dickinson (BD) Diagnostics) and complement C3c using Radial Immunodiffusion (NOR Partigen * C3c, Siemens). The results of complement C3c serum levels and CD4 + T lymphocytes number were analyzed with Pearson’s correlation and regression test (Pearson Product Moment Correlation) and Spearman’s Correlation test. The majority (83.33%) of C3c complement levels in stage I HIV-infected patients was still within normal limits (0.55 g/L up to 2.01 g/L; mean 1.39 g/L, SD 0.313 g/L) while the majority of CD4+ T lymphocytes absolute number (80%) were decreased (24-567 cells/μL; mean 295 cells/μL, SD 177 cells/μL). Based on a percentage value of CD4+ T lymphocytes, the majority (86.67%) decreased (2.54-29.48%; mean 13.58%, SD 6.7%). In this study was found that no significant correlation exists between C3c complement and CD4+ T lymphocyte absolute number with p=0.130 and percentage with p=0.217. There was no significant correlation of C3c complement and CD4+ T lymphocyte. This means that C3c complement examination can not be used to predict CD4+ T lymphocytes number.
PROTEIN 24 HIV DAN LIMFOSIT T-CD4+ DI INFEKSI HIV TAHAP I (HIV p24 Protein and CD4+ T-lymphocyte in Stage I HIV infection) I Made Sila Darmana; Endang Retnowati; Erwin Astha Triyono
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 21, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v21i3.1280

Abstract

Measuring HIV p24 protein is a test which is more practical than determination of CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts and viral load, asit does not require a very sophisticated instrument and requires a lower cost. Independent predictive value of p24 to the decline ofCD4+ T-lymphocytes, clinical progression and survival in HIV-infected patients have been reported. In this study, HIV-infected patientswere found to have HIV p24 protein levels inversely proportional to CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts by using Spearman test (R2=0.225;p=0.0331). Studies on the correlation between HIV p24 protein levels and CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts in stage I HIV infection have notyet been reported. The aim of this study was to prove the correlation between HIV p24 protein levels and CD4+ T-lymphocytes in stageI HIV infection. Research issue was whether a correlation between HIV p24 protein levels and CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts in stage I HIVinfection existed ? The hypothesis was that a correlation between HIV p24 protein levels and CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts in stage I HIVinfection existed. The study design was cross sectional observational. Subjects consisted of 30 stage I HIV-infected patients treated at theInfectious Disease Intermediate Care Unit, Dr. Soetomo Hospital and VCT Clinic of the Dr. Ramelan Naval Hospital, Surabaya from Mayto July 2014. Stage I HIV infection is an asymptomatic HIV infection or with persistent generalized lymphadenopathy and the patientis able to perform normal activities. Levels of p24 were measured by ELISA method and CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts using flowcytometry(BD FACSCaliburTM). The results were statistically analyzed using Pearson’s correlation test. HIV p24 protein levels in stage I of HIVinfection ranged from 1.8 to 10.8 pg/mL, mean of 5.14 pg/mL and a standard deviation of 2.08 pg/mL. CD4+ T-lymphocyte countsdecreased with a range of 49-559 cells /uL for absolute values and 4.42–26.02% for percentage values Correlations between blood p24levels and CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts either absolute (r=–0.392, p=0.032) or percentage (r=–0.363, p=0.049) were found. In stageI HIV-infected patients, a negative correlation was found between p24 levels and CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts, in both CD4+T-lymphocytecounts as absolute and as well as percentage values. This negative correlation showed that the p24 HIV levels were inversely proportionalto the CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts. HIV p24 protein levels have a possibility to be used predicting CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts.
COMPARISON OF PERCENTAGE PERIPHERAL BLOOD LYMPHOBLAST PROLIFERATION AND APOPTOSIS IN PEDIATRIC ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA BEFORE AND AFTER CHEMOTHERAPY INDUCTION PHASE Farida Nur’Aini; Endang Retnowati; Yetti Hernaningsih; Mia Ratwita A
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 23, No 3 (2017)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v23i3.1205

Abstract

Leukemia Limfoblastik Akut (LLA) adalah penyakit neoplasma yang dihasilkan dari perpindahan somatik multistep progenitorlimfoid di sumsum tulang, ditandai maturation arrest, proliferasi tidak terkendali seri limfoid serta penumpukan limfoblas di sumsumtulang dan darah tepi. Kelainan terkait aktivitas proliferasi sel berkaitan dengan kendali apoptosis. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahuiperbandingan persentase proliferasi dan apoptosis limfoblas di darah tepi pasien LLA anak sebelum dan sesudah kemoterapi tahapinduksi. Subjek penelitian sebesar 12 pasien LLA anak kasus baru yang diperiksa sebelum dan sesudah kemoterapi tahap induksi. Jenispenelitian ini cohort prospektif tanpa pembanding. Pemeriksaan proliferasi limfoblas dilakukan menggunakan spesimen darah tepisedangkan pengecatannya menggunakan reagen PI/RNase. Pemeriksaan apoptosis limfoblas dilakukan menggunakan spesimen darahtepi sedangkan pengecatannya menggunakan reagen FITC Annexin V. Pembacaan proliferasi dan apoptosis limfoblas menggunakan alatBD FACSCallibur dengan metode flow cytometry. Rerata persentase proliferasi dan apoptosis limfoblas sebelum kemoterapi tahap induksi7,84%±7,50 dan 11,50%±8,60 sesudah kemoterapi tahap induksi 3,2%±1,89 dan 13,42%±8,10. Persentase proliferasi limfoblas didarah tepi sesudah pemberian kemoterapi tahap induksi terdapat penurunan bermakna, sedangkan pemeriksaan apoptosis limfoblasdidapatkan peningkatan yang tidak bermakna. Persentase proliferasi limfoblas di darah tepi sesudah kemoterapi tahap induksi terdapatpenurunan bermakna, sehingga dapat dipergunakan sebagai peramal keberhasilan pengobatan pasien LLA anak. Pemeriksaan apoptosislimfoblas tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna sebelum dan sesudah kemoterapi tahap induksi. Perlu penelitian lebih lanjut untukmenganalisis hasil yang didapat.
MAKNA BUDAYA TRADISIONAL BELU BAGI MULTIKULTURALISME: TINJAUAN FILSAFAT Endang Retnowati
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol. 19 No. 2 (2017)
Publisher : LIPI Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jmb.v19i2.504

Abstract

Masyarakat Belu merupakan salah satu suku bangsa di Indonesia yang masih melestarikan kebudayaan tradisional mereka. Walaupun sudah ada peraturan daerah untuk meneguhkan pelestarian budaya tradisional di wilayah Belu, tetapi saat ini kebudayaan tradisional Belu dihadapkan pada tantangan budaya global. Apabila masyarakat Belu masih mempraktikkan budaya tradisional di tengah perkembangan budaya global, apa makna budaya tradisional Belu di tengah budaya global bagi multikulturalisme? Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan pemahaman mengenai makna budaya tradisional Belu bagi multikulturalisme di Indonesia dari perspektif filsafat. Budaya tradisional Belu merupakan warisan nenek moyang beberapa suku bangsa yang hidup di Belu dan luar Belu seperti Timor Leste, Kalimantan, dan pulau-pulau lain di Indonesia. Hingga kini mereka memiliki kebebasan untuk memelihara dan mengembangkan nilai-nilai di dalamnya di atas dasar hukum. Sejak Indonesia merdeka para pendahulu kita melindungi budaya tradisional melalui konstitusi, kemudian negara turut melindungi melalui beberapa peraturan, yaitu melalui Peraturan Menteri Dalam Negeri hingga bentuk Peraturan Daerah Kabupaten Belu.Budaya tradisional Belu merupakan salah satu budaya yang memiliki andil bagi predikat multikulturalisme di Indonesia.Pada perkembangannya kini sebenarnya tantangan terhadap budaya tradisional datang dari budaya global yang membangun nilai hedonis-konsumeris pada generasi muda. Budaya global banyak menawarkan kemudahan-kemudahan. Dengan demikian apa makna budaya tradisional Belu di tengah budaya global bagi multikulturalisme? Artikel ini disusun berdasarkan data pustaka dan lapangan. Data kemudian ditata, dideskripsikan, dipahami, dan direfleksikan sesuai dengan kerangka pemikiran.Atas dasar itu semua ditemukan bahwa makna budaya tradisional Belu adalah sebagai jalan merawat multikulturalisme di tengah kehidupan global. Nilai-nilai di dalamnya mampu memelihara persatuan dan kesatuan di antara mereka.Pelestarian budaya tradisional, dalam hal ini pelestarian nilai-nilai tradisional yang memiliki kekuatan sebagai alat integrasi bangsa sama artinya dengan merawat multikulturalisme di tengah kehidupan global. Di sini peran setiap anggota masyarakat sebagai homo religiosus sangat penting. Karena itu pendidikan tentang budaya tradisional atau multikulturalisme perlu diberikan kepada generasi muda. The purpose of this study is to express an understanding of meaning of Belu's traditional cultural for multiculturalism in Indonesia from a philosophical perspective. Belu traditional culture is the heritage of some ancestors who live in Belu and outside Belu such as Timor Leste, Kalimantan, and other islands in Indonesia. Until now they have the freedom to maintain and develop their values on the basis of the law. Since Indonesia's independence our Bapak Pendiri protect the traditional culture through the Constitution, then the state protects through several regulations, namely the Minister of Home Affairs Regulation to form the Regional Regulation of Belu Regency. The traditional culture of Belu is one of the cultures that has contributed to the predicate of multiculturalism in Indonesia. In its development is now actually a challenge to traditional culture comes from global culture that is able to build a hedonic-consumtive values in the younger generation. Global culture offers many conveniences. What is the meaning of Belu's traditional culture in the middle of a global culture for multiculturalism? This article is based on library and field data. The data is then organized, described, understood, reflected in accordance with the frame of thought. On the basis of it all found that the meaning of Belu traditional culture is a way of caring for multiculturalism in the midst of global life. Values in it are able to maintain unity and unity among them. Preservation of traditional culture, in this case the preservation of traditional values that have the power as a tool of national integration is tantamount to caring for multiculturalism in the middle of global life.Here the role of each member of society as homo religiosus is very important. Therefore, education on traditional culture or multiculturalism should be given to the younger generation.
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PRINCIPLES OF INTERNAL BALANCE BUYING AND BUYING LAND Widodo, Sigit; Endang Retnowati; Agam Sulaksono
Causa: Jurnal Hukum dan Kewarganegaraan Vol. 5 No. 12 (2024): Causa: Jurnal Hukum dan Kewarganegaraan
Publisher : Cahaya Ilmu Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.3783/causa.v5i12.5357

Abstract

ABSTRAC Land is an asset that is really needed by society, where human needs for land will continue to increase, and accessibility to land is increasingly limited. The need for land is monetary, social and mechanical. Land registration is a prerequisite in efforts to organize and regulate the allocation, control, ownership and use of land, including to resolve various land problems. Land registration is intended to provide certainty of rights and legal protection for holders of land rights by proving a land certificate, as a controlling instrument in the use and benefits of land. The transfer of land rights due to sale and purchase should be carried out before the PPAT by making a binding sale and purchase agreement in accordance with Government Regulations. Number 24 of 1997 concerning Land Registration in the practice of buying and selling land, buying and selling is based on the power contained in the land sale and purchase agreement, so the researcher wrote about "Implementation of the Principle of Balance in Land Buying and Selling". The formulation of the main problem in this research is about how the principle of balance in the sale and purchase of land is implemented and what is the legal position of sellers and buyers in the sale and purchase of land with the research objective being to analyze the implementation of the principle of balance to what extent it is applied in making land sale and purchase agreements. As well as to analyze the legal position of the Seller and Buyer in the Sale and Purchase of Land to prevent violations of the implementation of the principle of balance in the sale and purchase of land. This research is normative legal research, or a literature review of legal provisions. Secondary Legal Materials, specifically provide explanations of primary legal materials such as research results, the work of the legal community, and so on. It is a scientific method for determining truth based on normative logic and using law as its object. The absence of norms, unclear norms, and conflicting norms are the forerunners of normative legal research. By looking for the benefits of implementing the Principle of Balance in buying and selling land, it provides legal protection for the rights and responsibilities of executors, namely sellers and buyers, in carrying out land buying and selling transactions by binding themselves to each other. Apart from that, the application of the principle of balance is explained in the formulation of the rights and obligations of the parties, as a determining indicator of the explanation it appears in the balanced position between the rights and obligations of each party in the land sale and purchase agreement and the implementation of the Principle of Balance in the Sale and Purchase of Land is a form of giving each other their rights. each buyer-seller and the responsibility of each buyer-seller in carrying out and implementing the Land Sale and Purchase Agreement in the hope that there will be no disputes in the future. Keywords: Land, Buying and Selling, Balance, Seller, Buyer
Co-Authors Agam Sulaksono Agus Naryoso S.Sos, M.Si, Agus Naryoso Andy Cahyadi Arief S. Hariyanto Betty Agustina Tambunan Erawati Armayani Erwin Astha Triyono Farida Nur’Aini Halik Wijaya Harianah Harianah Hermi Indita I Dewa Gede Ugrasena I Made Sila Darmana I. Komang Parwata INDROPO AGUSNI Johanis Johanis Mahrany Graciella Bumbungan Maranatha, Daniel Mia Ratwita A Mia Ratwita Andarsini Much. Yulianto Nasronudin Nasronudin Ni Kadek Mulyantari Rahmi Rusanti Si Ngr. Oka Putrawan Sigit Widodo Soeprapto Ma’at Suprapto Ma'at Ma'at Syntia TJ Turchan, Agus wahjoe djatisoesanto Wiwid Noor Rakhmad Yetti Hernaningsih