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POTENSI EKSTRAK KARAMUNTING (MELASTOMA MALABATHRICUM L.) SEBAGAI INSEKTISIDA NABATI UNTUK MENGENDALIKAN ULAT GRAYAK (SPODOPTERA LITURA F.) Kartina, Kartina; Shulkipli, Shulkipli; Mardhiana, Mardhiana; Egra, Saat
Agrotekma: Jurnal Agroteknologi dan Ilmu Pertanian Vol 4, No 1 (2019): Agrotekma: Jurnal Agroteknologi dan Ilmu Pertanian, Desember
Publisher : Universitas Medan Area

Spodoptera litura F. is one of the important pests in Horticulture commodities which can cause damage 80% and up to 100%. Karamunting (Melastome malabathricum) is a wild plant that grows in Tarakan City. This plant is known to contain secondary metabolites which are thought to have the potential to control pests. This study aims to determine the potential of Karamunting extract as a botanical insecticide material to control armyworms. This study uses a completely randomized design (CRD) method with 1 treatment factor, namely the concentration of Karamunting leaf extract. Potential extracts as botanical insecticides were tested by dye method using 4 concentrations, namely 0 (control); 500; 1000; 2000; 4000; and 8000 ppm. The results showed that Karamunting leaf extract was able to control armyworm pests. Giving extracts of 8000 ppm (P5) in feed caused the highest decrease in eating activity up to 41,2%, larval mortality up to 85%, and the highest mortality rate after 7 days of observation. Decreased feeding activity and larval mortality were thought to be influenced by the presence of phenol compounds, fatty acids, terpenoids, sterols and alkaloids identified in the extract. Thus, Karamunting leaf extract has the potential to be developed as an active ingredient in botanical insecticides to control armyworm.

Pengaruh Ekstraksi Benih Mentimun dengan Sodium Hipoklorit (NaOCl) dan Teknik Pengeringan Benih terhadap Pertumbuhan Vegetatif Mentimun (Cucumis sativus) Kartina, Kartina; Karlina, Wiwik; Mardhiana, Mardhiana
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 5, No 3 (2020): October 2020
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24002/biota.v5i3.4556

Kendala dalam penanganan benih mentimun adalah adanya selaput daging berlendir (pulp), yang menyebabkan benih mudah terinfeksi penyakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstraksi benih mentimun dengan Sodium hipoklorit (NaOCl) dan teknik pengeringan berbeda terhadap pertumbuhan vegetatif benih mentimun. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen, menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) faktorial, yang terdiri dari dari 8 kombinasi perlakuan dengan 3 ulangan. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan two way anova, dan disajikan dalam bentuk tabel. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa perlakuan ekstraksi benih dengan NaOCl dan teknik pengeringan berbeda pada benih mentimun, tidak menunjukkan hasil yang berbeda nyata pada semua parameter, kecuali pada parameter jumlah daun pada tanaman yang berumur 21 dan 28 hari setelah tanam (HST), NaOCl secara umum menekan pertumbuhan vegetatif seperti tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun dan luas daun. Namun pada parameter panjang akar, berat basah dan berat kering tanaman kombinasi perlakuan NaOCl 15% dan pengeringan dengan oven (K3D1) konsisten menunjukkan nilai tertinggi dibandingkan dengan perlakuan lainnya. Perlu dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut untuk mengetahui nilai vigor dan viabilitas benih, serta hasil tanaman yang diperoleh. Â Â

Potensi Ekstrak Karamunting (Melastoma malabathricum L.) sebagai Insektisida Nabati untuk Mengendalikan Ulat Grayak (Spodoptera litura F.) Kartina, Kartina; Shulkipli, Shulkipli; Mardhiana, Mardhiana; Egra, Saat
Agrotekma: Jurnal Agroteknologi dan Ilmu Pertanian Vol 4, No 1 (2019): Agrotekma: Jurnal Agroteknologi dan Ilmu Pertanian, Desember
Publisher : Universitas Medan Area

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31289/agr.v4i1.2806

Spodoptera litura F. is one of the important pests in Horticulture commodities which can cause damage 80% and up to 100%. Karamunting (Melastome malabathricum) is a wild plant that grows in Tarakan City. This plant is known to contain secondary metabolites which are thought to have the potential to control pests. This study aims to determine the potential of Karamunting extract as a botanical insecticide material to control armyworms. This study uses a completely randomized design (CRD) method with 1 treatment factor, namely the concentration of Karamunting leaf extract. Potential extracts as botanical insecticides were tested by dye method using 4 concentrations, namely 0 (control); 500; 1000; 2000; 4000; and 8000 ppm. The results showed that Karamunting leaf extract was able to control armyworm pests. Giving extracts of 8000 ppm (P5) in feed caused the highest decrease in eating activity up to 41,2%, larval mortality up to 85%, and the highest mortality rate after 7 days of observation. Decreased feeding activity and larval mortality were thought to be influenced by the presence of phenol compounds, fatty acids, terpenoids, sterols and alkaloids identified in the extract. Thus, Karamunting leaf extract has the potential to be developed as an active ingredient in botanical insecticides to control armyworm.

Training of Karamunting Fruit Processing as Natural Dyes in the PKK Group in Tarakan City Jumiati, Elly; Mardhiana, Mardhiana
Altifani Journal: International Journal of Community Engagement Vol 2, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32502/altifani.v2i1.3819

The agricultural sector is a source of income for residents in Tarakan City, especially SMEs that process agricultural products into various food products. These products are processed with synthetic dyes, which pose a health risk if consumed in excess overtime. Natural dyes from plants can be used to produce safe food products, one of which is Karamunting fruit. This training aims to provide knowledge as well as the practice of processing Karamunting fruit into natural food and beverage coloring. This training is aimed at partner institutions, namely the PKK group from RT 9 and RT 11 Pamusian Village, Central Tarakan District, Tarakan City. This activity is carried out using training and mentoring methods. The method used is the lecture method, with the practice being evaluated with a questionnaire to measure the effectiveness of the activities to increase the knowledge and skills of participants. The results of this activity are that 1) participants have a positive perception of the training provided; 2) participants gain new insights and knowledge about the benefits and efficacy of Karamunting fruit. 3) Participants gain new skills and experience; 4) Participants interested in expanding business opportunities for Karamunting fruit processing.

KARAKTERISASI BAKTERI DARI PERAKARAN Nepenthes mirabilis UNTUK PENGENDALIAN HAYATI Fusarium oxysporum NFN Mardhiana; Muh. Adiwena; Ankardiansyah Pandu Pradana
Buletin Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat Vol 31, No 1 (2020): Buletin Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/bullittro.v31n1.2020.48-58

Phytopathogenic fungi Fusarium oxysporum causes significant yield losses in various spices plants. The fungus can be controlled with numerous types of antagonistic bacteria. This study aimed to determine the physiological characteristic and antagonistic properties of the bacterial from the roots of Nepenthes mirabilis, as a biological control to F. oxysforum. The study was conducted at the Plant Protection Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, the University of Borneo, Tarakan, from October to November 2017. Nutrient Agar medium was used to isolate antagonistic bacteria from the roots of N. mirabilis. Biosafety test against plants and mammals were conducted using hypersensitive and hemolysis analysis. The bacterial isolates passed from those tests were characterized further for their phenotype and physiological properties as well as their ability to inhibit the growth of F. oxysporum in a dual culture test in vitro. The results showed that there were 10 out of26 bacterial isolates originated from N. mirabilis roots that were safe for plants and mammals. Physiological tests showed that four isolates could produce the proteolytic enzyme, five isolates produced the chitinolytic enzyme, six isolates were able to dissolve phosphate, and four isolates could produce HCN. Furthermore, three isolates (Mrb2, Mrb6, and Mrb16) showed inhibitory activity against Fusarium spp. There were differences in the phenotype character and physiological activity between the Mrb2, Mrb6, and Mrb16 isolates, but all three have the potential to inhibit F. oxysporum.

Karakteristik dan Kemelimpahan Nepenthes di Habitat Miskin Unsur Hara Mardhiana Mardhiana; Yakup Parto; Renih Hayati; Dwi Putro Priadi
Jurnal Lahan Suboptimal : Journal of Suboptimal Lands Vol. 1 No. 1 (2012)
Publisher : Research Center for Sub-optimal Lands (PUR-PLSO), Universitas Sriwijaya

Mardhiana et al., 2012.Â The Characteristics and Abundance of Nepenthes of Nutrient-poor Habitats. JLSO 1(1):50-56.This research aimed at assesing the characteristics and abundanceof Nepenthespopulation in nutrient-poor habitats. This study was conducted at two locations, Talang Kelapa village, Banyuasin Km 10, and Pasir Putih village, Sukajadi, Banyuasin Km 18. Observations were made onÂ the soil chemical and physical properties, morphologyÂ and population abundanceÂ of Nepenthes. The result showed Â that N. mirabilis was the only species found in Â Talang Kelapa and Pasir Putih.Â Nepenthes upwere able to grow well in very poor soil nutrients. Natural habitat in Pasir Putih with sandy soilÂ and water log condition gave better effect on the morphology and abundance in than in Talang Kelapa withÂ clay soil and dry.Â The ratio of Â Nepenthes abundance in Pasir Putih to that in Talang Kelapa was 3:2.Â

Kajian Teknik Pemberian Hara Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Perkembangan Nepenthes mirabilis Mardhiana Mardhiana; Yakup Parto; Renih Hayati; Dwi Putro Priadi
Jurnal Lahan Suboptimal : Journal of Suboptimal Lands Vol. 4 No. 1 (2015): JLSO
Publisher : Research Center for Sub-optimal Lands (PUR-PLSO), Universitas Sriwijaya

The objective of this research was to study the effect of nutrient fertilization on the growth and development of nepenthes (Nepenthes mirabilis). The research was conducted from October 2011 until March 2012 at Sukarami village, Palembang, Indonesia. Factorial randomized block design with two treatment factors was applied. The first factor was NPK fertilizer dosage which consisted of three levels: Po = no fertilizer, P1 = 5 g, P2 = 10 g. The second factor was number of ants: S0 = none, S1 = 20, S2 = 40, S3 = 60. The results indicated that NPK fertilizer application of 5-10 g to the planting media could increase plant growth and development, particularly in plant height, stem girth, and leaf number of N. mirabilis. Giving 60 ants per plants into nepenthes pitcher could yield the largest pitcher number, 3-4 pitcher per plant. Combination of 5 g NPK and 20 ants, similarly, combination of 10 g NPK and 0 ants resulted in the largest leaf increment (10-11 leaves). Combination of 0 NPK and 60 ants resulted in the largest pitcher number (3-4 pitcher per plant).

Growth and yield performance of maize at red-yellow podzolic acid soil after oil palm empty fruit bunches compost and rice husk charcoal application M Mardhiana; Dwi Apriyani; Muh Adiwena; Ankardiansyah Pandu Pradana
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol 8, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2021.082.2653

On acid soils, maize growth cannot be optimal because of the high content of Al, Fe, Mg, and Zn, which has the potential to poison plants. Several nutrients such as P, Cu, and S are also available in small quantities for plants, thus inhibiting growth. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of oil palm empty fruit bunches compost and rice husk charcoal in increasing the growth and yield of maize on red-yellow podzolic acid soils. Bonanza F1 varieties were planted and treated with (T1) 5 t ha-1 of oil palm empty fruit bunches compost; (T2) 10 t ha-1 of oil palm empty fruit bunches compost; (T3) 5 t ha-1 rice husk charcoal; (T4) 10 t ha-1 rice husk charcoal; and (T5) 5 t ha-1 of oil palm empty fruit bunches compost + 5 t ha-1 of rice husk charcoal, and control plants were not given any treatment. The results showed that all treatments had a better and significantly different effect than the control plants. The application of oil palm empty fruit bunches compost and rice husk charcoal could boost plants height (149.75% - 289.88%), stems diameter (124.10% - 204.62%), number of leaves (131.01% - 223.26%), plants fresh weight (204.14% - 342.25 %), plants dry weight (136.77% - 165.76%), weight of maize cobs (178.77% - 292.72%), weight of maize cobs without maize husks (158.27% - 233.03%), maize cobs length (112.44% - 147.14%), maize cobs diameter (117.16% - 187.79%), and the weight of 100 maize kernels (110.92% - 201.72%). Among all treatments, the T5 treatment (5 t ha-1 of oil palm empty fruit bunches compost + 5 t ha-1 rice husk charcoal) was the best because it consistently gave the highest yields on all observed variables.

Aktivitas Antimikroba Ekstrak Bakau (Rhizophora mucronata) dalam Menghambat Pertumbuhan Ralstonia solanacearum Penyebab Penyakit Layu Saat Egra; Mardhiana Mardhiana; Mut Rofin; Muhammad Adiwena; Nur Jannah; Harlinda Kuspradini; Tohru Mitsunaga
Agrovigor Vol 12, No 1 (2019): Maret
Publisher : Universitas Trunojoyo Madura

R. mucronata telah banyak digunakan sebagai tanaman obat-obatan tradisional karena mampu menghasilkan metabolit sekunder seperti tanin, alkaloid, terpenoid, sapponin dan flavonoid. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi bagian tanaman daun dan kulit batang sebagai penghambat bakteri R. solanacearum, dengan konsentrasi 5000 ppm, 10000 ppm dan 20000 ppm, kontrol positif (Chlorampenicol), kontrol negatif (Etanol). Metode yang digunakan untuk uji daya hambat menggunakan metode difusi agar sumuran. Hasil penelitian menunjukan faktor kelembaban daun R. mucronata (0.33g) kulit batang (0.58g). Hasil rendemen ekstrak daun (17.61%) kulit batang (7.85%). Persentase penghambatan menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun R. mucronata memiliki daya hambat terhadap R. solanacearum pada konsentrasi 20000 ppm dan 10000 ppm masing-masing 31% dan 29%, namun disisi lain pada daun R. mucronata konsentrasi 5000 ppm tidak ada aktivitas daya hambat. Pada sampel yang berbeda Kulit batang R. mucronata menunjukkan adanya aktivitas daya hambat pada konsentrasi 5000 ppm, 10000 ppm dan 20000 ppm dengan nilai persentase secara berturut-turut 34%, 39%, dan 44%.

KARAKTERISASI BAKTERI DARI PERAKARAN Nepenthes mirabilis UNTUK PENGENDALIAN HAYATI Fusarium oxysporum NFN Mardhiana; Muh. Adiwena; Ankardiansyah Pandu Pradana
Buletin Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat Vol 31, No 1 (2020): Buletin Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/bullittro.v31n1.2020.48-58

Phytopathogenic fungi Fusarium oxysporum causes significant yield losses in various spices plants. The fungus can be controlled with numerous types of antagonistic bacteria. This study aimed to determine the physiological characteristic and antagonistic properties of the bacterial from the roots of Nepenthes mirabilis, as a biological control to F. oxysforum. The study was conducted at the Plant Protection Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, the University of Borneo, Tarakan, from October to November 2017. Nutrient Agar medium was used to isolate antagonistic bacteria from the roots of N. mirabilis. Biosafety test against plants and mammals were conducted using hypersensitive and hemolysis analysis. The bacterial isolates passed from those tests were characterized further for their phenotype and physiological properties as well as their ability to inhibit the growth of F. oxysporum in a dual culture test in vitro. The results showed that there were 10 out of26 bacterial isolates originated from N. mirabilis roots that were safe for plants and mammals. Physiological tests showed that four isolates could produce the proteolytic enzyme, five isolates produced the chitinolytic enzyme, six isolates were able to dissolve phosphate, and four isolates could produce HCN. Furthermore, three isolates (Mrb2, Mrb6, and Mrb16) showed inhibitory activity against Fusarium spp. There were differences in the phenotype character and physiological activity between the Mrb2, Mrb6, and Mrb16 isolates, but all three have the potential to inhibit F. oxysporum.

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