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The Ecophysiology of Guppy Fish (Poecilia reticulata) in the Pucung River, A Former Fossil Excavation Site: The ecophysiology of guppy fish in the Pucung river Beanal, Yohanis; Nugroho, Rully Adi
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 15 No. 2
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/bvykkg34

Abstract

Exposing land surfaces through fossil excavation activities can increase sediment loads and toxic chemicals that are discharged into water bodies. This can have negative effects on receiving environments and their habitats. The aim of this study was to evaluate the dry body weight and physiology (whole body lipid and protein contents) of guppy fish (Poecilia reticulata) in Pucung River, a former archaeological excavation site in Sangiran, Indonesia. Little is known about their physiology in this river. Guppy fish and water were sampled from eight sites along the Pucung River, two sites (Site 1 and Site 2) were situated upstream of the archeological excavation site, one site (Site 3) was at the archeological excavation site, and five sites (Site 4 - Site 8) were situated downstream of the archeological excavation site. The distance between the two sites was 500 m. The length and total weight of captured male fish were measured. Lipid and protein contents of male fish were determined gravimetrically, and the results were conveyed as Joules. A total of 240 male individuals were captured with a length between 1.24 and 3.95 cm. The weight of male guppies varied between 13.0 and 38.2 mg. Male guppies' average lipid and protein contents ranged from 0.0509 J to 0.2635 J and 0.0842 J to 0.1648 J, respectively. The smallest weights and lipid contents among individuals were found in the excavation site (Site 3) and a site downstream (Site 4). These individuals also had the smallest protein contents, along with those from Site 5 to Site 7. Fish dry weight and lipid content were positively correlated with water pH and dissolved oxygen, and negatively correlated with biological oxygen demand. These findings showed that guppy dry weight and lipid content may be utilized to assess the impact of human activities on river health.
PAPARAN JANGKA PENDEK PIL KELUARGA BERENCANA YANG MENGANDUNG ETINILESTRADIOL DAN LEVONORGESTREL TIDAK MEMPENGARUHI KANDUNGAN ENERGI IKAN SERIBU (Poecilia reticulata) Nugroho, Rully Adi; Sukmana, Andreas Binar Aji; Cahyaningrum, Desti Christian; Beanal, Yohanis; Wijaya, Andhika Ryan
Berita Biologi Vol 23 No 2 (2024): Berita Biologi
Publisher : BRIN Publishing (Penerbit BRIN)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/beritabiologi.2024.4937

Abstract

Hormon steroid sintetik yang terkandung dalam pil Keluarga Berencana (KB) telah menjadi kontaminan di perairan global. Hormon etinilestradiol dan levonorgestrel memberikan dampak negatif terhadap perkembangan, perilaku dan kelangsungan hidup ikan di lingkungan perairan. Di Indonesia, perhatian terhadap potensi dampak etinilestradiol dan levonorgestrel terhadap organisme bukan target perairan masih sangat terbatas. Studi ini dilakukan untuk memahami perubahan kandungan energi dalam lemak dan protein pada ikan seribu (Poecilia reticulata) yang terpapar estrogen dan progestogen (campuran etinilestradiol dan levonorgestrel). Ikan guppy jantan dipapar dengan enam konsentrasi campuran etinilestradiol/levonorgestrel yang berbeda, yaitu 0 ng/L etinilestradiol dan levonorgestrel, 0,3 ng/L etinilestradiol dan 1,5 ng/L levonorgestrel, 3 ng/L etinilestradiol dan 15 ng/L levonorgestrel, 30 ng/L etinilestradiol dan 150 ng/L levonorgestrel, 300 ng/L etinilestradiol dan 1500 ng/L levonorgestrel, dan 3000 ng/L etinilestradiol dan 15000 ng/L levonorgestrel selama tujuh hari dan tidak diberi pakan selama percobaan. Kandungan energi diestimasi setelah perlakuan secara gravimetri. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa paparan jangka pendek pil keluarga berencana yang mengandung campuran etinilestradiol dan levonorgestrel berturut-turut hingga 3000 ng/L dan 15000 ng/L tidak berbeda nyata dengan kontrol. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa paparan jangka pendek pil KB tidak mempengaruhi kandungan energi pada ikan seribu.
EFEK INTERAKSI DOSIS INOKULUM RAGI DAN WAKTU FERMENTASI TERHADAP KEPADATAN SEL VIABEL BAKTERI ASAM LAKTAT DAN KUALITAS PRODUK SILASE DARI LIMBAH AMPAS TEH (Camellia sinensis) Minarno, Veramita Angel; Nugroho, Rully Adi; Krave, Agna Sulis
Berita Biologi Vol 24 No 2 (2025): Berita Biologi
Publisher : BRIN Publishing (Penerbit BRIN)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/berita_biologi.2025.5566

Abstract

Industri minuman teh dalam kemasan menghasilkan limbah ampas teh dalam jumlah besar yang dapat mencemari lingkungan. Upaya pemanfaatannya sebagai pakan ternak terhambat oleh tingginya kandungan zat antinutrisi seperti tanin dan serat kasar. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji pengaruh waktu fermentasi dan dosis inokulum ragi terhadap kepadatan bakteri asam laktat (BAL) serta kualitas silase dari limbah ampas teh. Ampas teh direndam dalam larutan abu gosok 15% (b/v) untuk proses detanisasi, kemudian diinokulasi dengan ragi dalam dosis 0%, 2%, 4%, dan 6% (b/b), dan diinkubasi secara anaerob pada suhu ruang selama 0, 14, dan 21 hari. Parameter yang diamati meliputi susut bobot, kadar air, pH, kepadatan BAL, kadar asam laktat, nilai Fleigh, kadar protein kasar, serat kasar, dan tanin. Hasil menunjukkan adanya interaksi signifikan antara waktu fermentasi dan dosis inokulum terhadap peningkatan kepadatan BAL, kadar asam laktat, nilai Fleigh, serta penurunan pH dan kadar tanin. Perlakuan terbaik diperoleh pada dosis ragi 6% dan waktu fermentasi 21 hari, dengan kepadatan BAL batang dan kokus masing-masing sebesar 3,90 × 10⁴ dan 3,93 × 10⁴ sel/g, kadar asam laktat 1,79%, pH 3,77, nilai Fleigh 136,28, dan tanin 0,64%. Meski kandungan serat kasar masih cukup tinggi (22,57%), dan protein kasar tertinggi tercapai pada dosis 4% (18,04%), hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa fermentasi dengan ragi efektif meningkatkan kualitas silase ampas teh sebagai pakan alternatif.
Dekolorisasi Reactive Red oleh Konsorsium Bacillus velezensis IBLTT_1 dan Bacillus cereus IBLTT_5 Erinna Azalia Fitri; Vincentia Irene Meitiniarti; Rully Adi Nugroho
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 11, No 1 (2026): February 2026
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24002/biota.v11i1.11205

Abstract

Perkembangan industri tekstil di Indonesia telah berkontribusi pada polusi lingkungan, yaitu melalui pembuangan air limbah yang mengandung pewarna. Diperkirakan sekitar 10-15% pewarna tekstil yang digunakan dalam proses pewarnaan dilepaskan ke dalamke dalam air bilasan dan selanjutnya dibuang ke lingkungan perairan.  Air limbah yang mengandung pewarna tekstil harus diolah karena dapat mencemari lingkungan. Reactive Red merupakan salah satu pewarna azo yang banyak digunakan dalam industri tekstil. Salah satu pendekatan untuk mengoptimalkan proses degradasi pewarna azo adalah dengan memutus ikatan azo menggunakan kultur campuran bakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan potensi kultur tunggal dan campuran isolat Bacillus velezensis IBLTT_1 dan Bacillus cereus IBLTT_5 dalam mendekolorisasi Reactive Red. Kedua isolat bakteri tersebut diinokulasi secara tunggal dan campur ke dalam media yang mengandung Reactive Red dengan empat perlakuan konsentrasi inokula yaitu 0%, 2%, 4%, dan 8% dari volume kerja. Dekolorisasi tertinggi (76,80%) ditemukan pada kultur campuran dengan konsentrasi 8%, dimana kedua spesies bakteri ditambahkan dalam perbandingan 1:1. Dekolorisasi yang signifikan pada kultur campuran kemungkinan disebabkan oleh aksi sinergis antara dua spesies bakteri yang diinokulasikan secara bersamaan.
Membumikan SDGs: Pemberdayaan Komunitas untuk Perilaku Hidup Sehat dan Sejahtera di Dusun Kendal Novriest Umbu Walangara Nau; Rully Adi Nugroho; Desti Christian Cahyaningrum; Debora Natalia Sudjito; Desi Desi; Michael Bezaleel Wenas
KOMUNITA: Jurnal Pengabdian dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Vol 5 No 1 (2026): Februari
Publisher : PELITA NUSA TENGGARA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60004/komunita.v5i1.519

Abstract

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) provide a global development framework that is human-centered and inclusive. SDG 3—Good Health and Well-Being—targets the prevention of endemic diseases caused by waste accumulation (Target 3.3) and the reduction of mortality and illness resulting from pollution and contamination of air, water, and soil (Target 3.9). Kendal Hamlet, Samirono Village, Getasan District, Semarang Regency, faces challenges in realizing healthy and prosperous community living, particularly due to low public awareness of clean and healthy lifestyle behaviors and limited household waste management capacity. To localize and “ground” SDGs at the grassroots level, the community service team implemented a 3-day Live In program using a participatory approach. Students lived with local host families, acting as foster families, to conduct joint observation, discussion, and collaborative, two-way solution implementation, aligned with Whole Person Education principles and the SDGs commitment to no one left behind. The program improved environmental health literacy, promoted safer pesticide application through the use of personal protective equipment, and introduced housefly mitigation strategies based on sanitation and local wisdom. The activities ran successfully and received highly positive responses from residents and hamlet authorities, demonstrating that immersive community engagement strengthens local capacity and encourages sustainable, collective action in support of SDG 3 achievement.
Isolation and identification of Cr-resistant bacteria from the rhizosphere of Tagetes sp. and their ability to reduce Cr(VI) VINCENTIA IRENE MEITINIARTI; ELSA KRISTIANI PUTRI; ATHALIA EUGENIA RUNTU; RULLY ADI NUGROHO; SRI KASMIYATI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 8 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230832

Abstract

Abstract. Meitiniarti VI, Putri EK, Runtu AE, Nugroho RA, Kasmiyati S. 2022. Isolation and identification of Cr-resistant bacteria from the rhizosphere of Tagetes sp. and their ability to reduce Cr(VI). Biodiversitas 23: 4118-4124. Bioremediation involving the interaction of plants with microorganisms is a technique for improving the environment polluted with chromium hexavalent [Cr(VI)]. Marigolds (Tagetes sp.) are known to be a hyperaccumulator plant for Cr(VI) and there are microbes in its rhizosphere that enable the plant tolerant to heavy metals. The aims of this study were to isolate and identify indigenous rhizobacteria resistant to Cr(VI) from Tagetes sp. and to test the ability of these bacterial isolates to reduce Cr(VI). Three isolates of Cr(VI) resistant bacteria were obtained in this study, namely Micrococcus luteus RT-9, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia RT-12, and Brevundimonas sp. RT-23. M. luteus RT-9 and S. maltophilia RT-12 which were resistant to Cr(VI) 100 mg L-1 and their mixture were tested for their ability to reduce Cr(VI) in a liquid medium. Microbacterium sp. SpR3 obtained by the previous study was used as a reference. The results showed that the isolate of S. maltophilia RT-12 had a higher ability (2.2 mg L-1 h-1) than M. luteus RT-9 (0.9 mg L-1 h-1). S. maltophilia RT-12 had the ability to reduce Cr(VI) similar to Microbacterium sp. SpR3. The mixed inoculation of M. luteus RT-9, S. maltophilia RT-12, and Microbacterium sp. SpR3 did not show a difference in the reduction ability of Cr (VI) compared to pure cultures.
Ammonium enrichment reduces the diversity and changes the composition of ammonia-oxidizing microbial communities in agricultural soil media SHERLY ASNATH SAUKOLY; VINCENTIA IRENE MEITINIARTI; RULLY ADI NUGROHO; AGNA SULIS KRAVE
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250302

Abstract

Abstract. Saukoly SA, Meitiniarti VI, Nugroho RA, Krave AS. 2024. Ammonium enrichment reduces the diversity and changes the composition of ammonia-oxidizing microbial communities in agricultural soil media. Biodiversitas 25: 916-923. Nitrification is the process of ammonium oxidation to form nitrites and nitrates. Ammonium availability in the soil is one of the factors influencing the activity, abundance, and diversity of ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms (AOM). This study aimed to determine the effect of enriching a soil media with different ammonium concentrations on the abundance and diversity of AOM as well as the potential for nitrification. Soil as the media was prepared from an agricultural land receiving cow dung sewage. The media was then placed in the microcosms, and was added to a nitrification medium containing ammonium at three levels; 0 (control soil), 200 (low ammonium-enriched soil), and 500 mg L-1 (high ammonium-enriched soil). The microcosms were further incubated for 42 days at room temperature. The nitrification potential determination was based on the formation of nitrite from ammonium oxidation. The abundance of AOM and the potential nitrification were measured every 14-day interval, including day 0 as the initial condition. The AOM composition was analyzed based on the similarity level of the amoA gene sequence to the NCBI BLAST GenBank database. However, this analysis was only conducted for the control and high ammonium-enriched soil. This study indicated that ammonium enrichment increased the nitrification activity and the abundance of AOM, but it decreased the diversity of AOM communities. There were positive correlations between nitrification and nitrate potential, as well as between ammonium content and AOM abundance. Negative correlations appeared between pH and nitrification potential, nitrate concentrations, ammonium concentrations, and MPN. The diversity of ammonium-oxidizing archaea (AOA) in the control soil was higher than in the high ammonium-enriched soil. The enrichment with ammonium also changed the AOA composition. The Candidatus Nitrosocosmicus oleophilus strain of the MY3 chromosome was the most dominant archaea in the control and high ammonium-enriched soil. This implies that the high diversity of AOA in this soil may be beneficial for further use of the soil as a source for inocula in the development of nitrifiers-based biofertilizers.
Identification and production of indole-3-acetic acid by bacteria isolated from eco-enzymes V. IRENE MEITINIARTI; SRI KASMIYATI; EZRA EZRA; RULLY ADI NUGROHO; AGNA S. KRAVE
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d260112

Abstract

Abstract. Meitiniarti VI, Kasmiyati S, Nugroho RA, Krave AS. 2025. Identification and production of indole-3-acetic acid by bacteria isolated from eco-enzymes. Biodiversitas 26: 111-117. Phytohormone-producing microorganisms are an essential component of biofertilizers. One example of a phytohormone is Indole Acetic Acid (IAA). IAA-producing microorganisms can be originated from various habitats. In this study, IAA-producing bacteria will be isolated from eco-enzyme, a liquid-fermented organic material rich in benefits and contains numerous microorganisms and IAA. The research involves processes of isolation, detection of cell and IAA production, and molecular identification. Through the processes of isolation and purification, 14 bacterial isolates were obtained. After testing their ability to produce IAA using a medium containing L-tryptophan and Salkowski's reagent, only 11 isolates were found to produce IAA. The DNA of these 11 isolates was isolated, amplified, sequenced, and identified through molecular analysis. The nucleotide sequences of these 11 bacterial isolates have been registered in the gene bank and assigned accession numbers PQ095569 to PQ095579. Based on alignment and phylogenetic tree analysis, the 11 isolates were grouped into three categories: the Bacillus group, consisting of Bacillus altitudinis, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Priestia megaterium, and Paenibacillus sp.; lactic acid bacteria, including Lacticaseibacillus paracasei and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum; and vibrio-shaped bacteria, including Vibrio sp. and Vibrio diazotrophicus. The Bacillus group (including Paenibacillus megaterium) could produce high levels of IAA. However, among the members of this group, P. megaterium exhibited the highest cell production capability and IAA production, with values of 2982.208 mg·L?¹ and 35.49 mg·L?¹, respectively. This high growth ability and IAA production make P. megaterium a promising candidate as an inoculum for use as a PGPR (Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacterium).
Home-made and commercial eco-enzymes alter plankton communities and water chemistry in Rawa Pening Lake, Central Java, Indonesia SUSANTI PUDJI HASTUTI; SUCAHYO SUCAHYO; DESTI CHRISTIAN CAHYANINGRUM; RULLY ADI NUGROHO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 8 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d260816

Abstract

Abstract. Hastuti SP, Sucahyo, Cahyaningrum DC, Nugroho RA. 2025. Home-made and commercial eco-enzymes alter plankton communities and water chemistry in Rawa Pening Lake, Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 26: 3843-3854. Eco-enzymes are increasingly used to improve water quality by reducing organic pollutants and balancing nutrient levels in rivers and other aquatic systems. However, their typically low pH and high concentrations of organic matter may increase Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) and acidify the water, potentially altering freshwater plankton species composition and increasing the risk of eutrophication in aquatic ecosystems. This study aimed to assess the effects of commercial and home-made eco-enzyme on freshwater plankton community structure and water quality parameters using a controlled aquaria design with four concentrations (2.5-20% v/v). Controls without eco-enzymes were included for comparison. Key parameters including nutrient levels, BOD, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), pH, plankton diversity and abundance were monitored throughout the study. Plankton diversity across different eco-enzyme types and concentrations was compared by generating diversity profiles using Renyi’s entropy values. Results showed that both types of eco-enzymes significantly altered water chemistry. BOD declined rapidly at 5% commercial and 2.5% (v/v) home-made eco-enzyme, while pH increased from 7.4 to 8.6 over time. Ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, and TDS levels rose with both eco-enzyme concentration and duration. At higher concentrations, commercial eco-enzymes promoted the dominance of Bacillariophyta and Cyanophyta, while home-made eco-enzymes favored Bacillariophyta and Chlorophyta. Although eco-enzymes stimulated microbial activity and organic matter decomposition, they also supported the growth of pollution-tolerant plankton species, potentially reducing overall biodiversity. Renyi entropy profiles revealed decreased richness and evenness, especially at higher concentrations. These results highlight that while eco-enzymes can contribute to water quality improvement, their ecological impacts, particularly on plankton communities, must be carefully considered. Further research is necessary to ensure their sustainable and responsible use in aquatic ecosystems.
Vertical and island-scale structuring of bacterial and archaeal communities in Pinus merkusii forest soils RULLY ADI NUGROHO; NICO M. VAN STRAALEN; WILFRED F. M. RÖLING
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 27 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d270313

Abstract

Abstract. Nugroho RA, van Straalen NM, Röling WFM. 2026. Vertical and island-scale structuring of bacterial and archaeal communities in Pinus merkusii forest soils. Biodiversitas 27 (3): d270313. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d270313. Environmental and spatial processes contribute to the structuring of soil microbial communities, but the relative importance of vertical and horizontal gradients is poorly understood in tropical archipelagic forests. The vertical and spatial distributions of bacterial and archaeal communities were examined in Pinus merkusii forest soils across 12 sites on five Indonesian islands (36 composite samples). Litter (L), fragmented litter (F), and mineral (M) soil layers were analyzed using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) to characterize dominant community profiles. Community dissimilarity was assessed using Mantel and partial Mantel tests, and compositional variance was assessed using PERMANOVA. Bacterial communities were strongly vertically stratified. Mantel tests showed significant correlations between community dissimilarity and soil layer (r = 0.52, p < 0.001) and geographic distance (r = 0.60, p < 0.001), which remained significant in partial correlations. PERMANOVA indicated that soil layer explained 43.5% of the variation (pseudo-R2 = 0.435, p < 0.001), whereas island identity explained 15.1% (pseudo-R2 = 0.151, p = 0.0135). In contrast, archaeal communities showed no significant association with either geographic distance (r = −0.03, p = 0.68) or soil layer (r = −0.04, p = 0.80). In contrast, PERMANOVA revealed strong differentiation among island identity (pseudo-R2 = 0.375, p = 0.0045). These findings reveal contrasting domain-specific spatial organization of microbial communities, with bacteria primarily structured by vertical habitat differentiation and distance–decay patterns, whereas archaea communities are mainly differentiated at the island scale. The results highlight distinct spatial scales of organization for major microbial domains in tropical forest soils. However, the absence of environmental physicochemical measurements limits direct identification of the environmental drivers underlying these patterns.