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All Journal Ulul Albab: Jurnal Studi dan Penelitian Hukum Islam AL-Daulah Jurnal Cita Hukum Al-Jami'ah: Journal of Islamic Studies Al-Ihkam: Jurnal Hukum dan Pranata Sosial Jurnal Hukum IUS QUIA IUSTUM PADJADJARAN Jurnal Ilmu Hukum (Journal of Law) Dauliyah Journal of Islamic and International Affairs Mimbar Hukum - Fakultas Hukum Universitas Gadjah Mada Prosiding Seminar Hukum Aktual Fakultas Hukum Universitas Islam Indonesia El Dusturie: Jurnal Hukum dan Perundang-undangan
Fajri Matahati muhammadin
Departmen Hukum Internasional, Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Gadjah Mada
Religion Humanities Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences Other

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ACHIEVING AN HONEST RECONCILIATION: ISLAMIC AND INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN LAW Fajri Matahati Muhammadin
Mimbar Hukum - Fakultas Hukum Universitas Gadjah Mada Vol 27, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (419.482 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/jmh.15877

Abstract

The compatibility between Islamic law and international law has been a long lasting source of both academic discussion and social friction. This includes the Islamic laws on conduct of war (IsHL), especially in context of the Middle East conflicts. This article explores how there are two extreme opinions: ‘Islamophobes’ and apologists –both of them being dishonest. It will be shown that there are multi-level possibilities of relations between IsHL and International Humanitarian Law including possible incompatibilities, and that an ijma is a good room for reconciliation. Kompatibilitas hukum Islam dan hukum internasional telah lama menjadi sumber debat akademis dan friksi social. Termasuk diantaranya adalah hukum Islam terkait pelaksanaan perang, terutama di tengah konflik Timur Tengah seperti sekarang. Artikel ini mengamati dua pendapat ekstrim: ‘Islamofobik’ dan ‘apologist’ –keduanya tidak jujur. Akan ditunjukan ada berbagai tingkat kemunginan hubungan antara hukum perang Islam dan Hukum Humaniter Internasional, termasuk diantaranya adalah kemungkinan pertentangan, lalu bagaimana dibutuhkan sebuah ijma untuk menyelesaikan masalah tersebut.
The Role of Fiqh al-Siyar in International Law-Making: Escaping the Lethargy Fajri Matahati Muhammadin; Shania Dwini Azzahra
Al-Jami'ah: Journal of Islamic Studies Vol 60, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Al-Jami'ah Research Centre

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajis.2022.602.509-546

Abstract

International law has developed since its pre-20th century consent-based positivistic framework to ‘international law-making’ where the role of state sovereignty is seen to have eroded. This development, however, still reproduces its pre-20th century colonialist features against non-European (including Islamic) legal thought, pushing them to the peripheries of relevance. Recently, countering that, stronger voices have demanded international law to generally include non-European and specifically Islamic international legal scholarship. However, while having a very rich body of classical scholarship, contemporary literature of fiqh al-siyar (Islamic international law) suffers from lethargy. It neither mentions nor responds to the trend of international law-making. This article, employing a literature-based research approach, bridges the gap of that lethargy so that fiqh al-siyar could develop to properly respond to the current trend of international law-making. It is found that fiqh al-siyar must critically adopt and respond to the features of international law-making, and all actors must utilize all channels to participate in its process.[Hukum Internasional telah berkembang jauh sebelum abad 20 dalam kerangka dasar isi yang positivistik dalam pembentukannya, dimana peran kedaulatan negara mulai terlihat berkurang. Hal ini terus berkembang sampai berwajah kolonial yang mengabaikan dan meminggirkan hukum non Eropa, termasuk hukum Islam. Namun akhir-akhir ini muncul suara yang menginginkan bahwa hukum internasional harus mengakui secara umum hukum non Eropa dan khususnya pemikiran hukum Internasional Islam. Alih alih memberikan kontribusi dalam pemikiran klasik, literatur kontemporer hukum internasional Islam (fiqh al-siyar) justru mengalami kelesuan. Bukan hanya tidak disebut tapi juga tidak merespon perkembangan hukum internasional. Dengan pendekatan kajian literatur, tulisan ini berusaha menjembatani kesenjangan kelesuan tersebut agar hukum internasional Islam (fiqh al-siyar) dapat berkembang dan merespon dengan baik trend saat ini. Selain itu, fiqh al-siyar harus secara kritis dalam mengadopsi dan merespon perkembangan hukum internasional, serta semua aktor harus mendayagunakan semua saluran untuk terlibat dalam proses tersebut.]
Urgensi Majelis Ulama Indonesia Membersamai Pemerintah dalam Hukum Internasional Muhammadin, Fajri Matahati
El-Dusturie Vol 2 No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21154/el-dusturie.v2i1.5344

Abstract

International law is perhaps a field with the least attention from the ‘ulama, despite its major influence in shaping the world order, national laws, and society. An “international identity” heavily affects the mindset and daily lives of humanity including in Indonesia. There are numerous incompatibilities between international law and the Islamic Shari‘ah that may either bring detriments to the society, or potentially serve as a field of da‘wah bi al-‘ilm from which to disseminate Islamic solution towards world problems and benefit the society with it. Applying Al-Attas’s Islamic Worldview and theoretical usul al-fiqh analysis on international law and siyar, this paper emphasizes the necessity of Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI) taking an active role in advising the Indonesian government’s participation in international law, especially in treaty-making. I advise a few alternatives for MUI to maximize its role in advising the Indonesian government.Hukum internasional adalah salah satu ranah hukum yang paling sedikit mendapatkan perhatian oleh para ‘alim ‘ulama. Padahal, hukum internasional sangat berpengaruh dalam membentuk tatanan dunia, lalu berdampak pada hukum nasional, kemudian juga membentuk masyarakat. Pasalnya, ‘identitas internasional’ sangat berpengaruh dalam membentuk pola pikir dan kehidupan masyarakat termasuk di Indonesia. Banyak potensi gesekan antara hukum internasional dan Syariat Islam yang berpotensi membentuk masyarakat yang buruk, tapi juga banyak potensi dakwah bi al-‘ilm dengan menyuarakan solusi-solusi dari Syariat Islam untuk masalah-masalah dunia dan berpotensi membentuk masyarakat yang baik. Makalah ini menekankan urgensi MUI untuk pro-aktif dalam menasehati pemerintah terkait partisipasi dalam hukum internasional, khususnya perjanjian internasional.
Improving Compliance towards International Humanitarian Law: Filling in the Gaps? Hamidah, Fitry Nabiilah; Muhammadin, Fajri Matahati
Al-Daulah : Journal of Criminal Law and State Administration Law Vol 13 No 1 (2024): Vol13, No. 1 2024 (Januari-Juni)
Publisher : Jurusan Hukum Tatanegara Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/al-daulah.v13i1.48847

Abstract

  Research Objective: This study evaluates existing International Humanitarian Law compliance mechanisms, identifies implementation gaps, and assesses factors influencing adherence by states and non-state armed groups in conflict situations. Research Methodology: The research employs qualitative methodological approaches through case study analysis and comprehensive literature review to systematically evaluate IHL compliance mechanisms and factors affecting adherence. Results: The research identifies deficiencies in IHL enforcement systems, cultural barriers to implementation, and limitations in engaging non-state actors as primary impediments to compliance. Findings and Implications: The findings demonstrate systemic enforcement deficiencies, cultural impediments, and limited non-state actor engagement hindering effective IHL implementation, implying the need for more holistic approaches to enhance compliance across diverse conflict contexts. Conclusion: Despite providing a comprehensive legal framework to protect civilians during armed conflicts, persistent non-compliance undermines IHL's effectiveness and credibility, necessitating a multidisciplinary approach addressing legal, political, cultural, and operational factors. Contribution: This research contributes by advocating multidisciplinary approaches to enhance compliance, proposing implementation strengthening mechanisms, highlighting stakeholder roles, and developing a conceptual framework for holistic compliance systems. Limitations: From an academic perspective, the qualitative methodology employed presents inherent limitations in statistical generalizability. The absence of quantitative metrics makes it difficult to measure compliance levels objectively across different contexts. Additionally, case study approaches, while providing depth, naturally restrict the breadth of analytical scope, potentially overlooking unique implementation dynamics in unexamined conflict scenarios. Suggestions: The study recommends establishing permanent platforms for regular IHL discourse, enhancing institutional support, integrating cultural sensitivity, strengthening Red Cross/Red Crescent societies, involving NGOs in IHL dissemination, and facilitating stakeholder interactions. Future research should expand empirical scope through quantitative analyses and broader case studies
Binding Sources of International Law vis-à-vis Uṣūl al-fiqh: Towards Developing the Turath on Fiqh al-Siyar Fajri Matahati Muhammadin
Prosiding Seminar Hukum Aktual Fakultas Hukum Universitas Islam Indonesia Vol. 2 No. 1 JANUARI 2024
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Some contemporary Islamic scholars often merely regurgitate classical scholarship of fiqh al-siyar (Islamic international law) while oblivious of major shifts in the world order back then versus today. Other contemporary scholars do the opposite mistake: going straight to the Qur’an and Sunnah, ignoring over a millennium worth of turath (Islamic scholarly tradition) and end up cherry-picking verses to support inferiority-complex-infused versions of Islam and subjugated by Eurocentric notions of international law. Hence, fiqh al-siyar is currently in a state of lethargy in turath requiring major projects for development. My research will touch uṣūl al-fiqh (jurisprudence) specifically regarding the sources of Islamic law and how, from them, ijtihad is conducted when interacting with contemporary international law. This is among the foundational issues upon which many further developments of fiqh al-siyar need to be established. I apply Al-Attas’s “Islamization of Contemporary Knowledge” approach to comprehensively analyze the sources of international law to consider how Islamic law should react and respond to them. For this project, I focus on formally binding sources of international law (treaties, customary international law, general principles of law, and jus cogens). My two findings: (a) most of these sources should not be categorically accepted or rejected (must be carefully considered case-per-case), and (b) jus cogens, in terms of legal status, should be categorically rejected.
Masyumi's "Djihad dan Qitaal" and Islamic Laws of War: Ahead of Its Time? Muhammadin, Fajri Matahati; El-Mechwar, Fairuz
AL-IHKAM: Jurnal Hukum & Pranata Sosial Vol. 18 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia IAIN Madura collaboration with The Islamic Law Researcher Association (APHI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19105/al-lhkam.v18i2.6187

Abstract

During the post-independence wars in Indonesia, Masyumi’s “Djihad dan Qitaal” was a book serving as a guide for the laskar (Islamic militia) in conducting jihad against those who were attempting to re-conquer Indonesia, including the Dutch and the British forces. We utilize literature research and interviews (obtaining secondary data) to examine the extent of this book’s contribution in terms of legal scholarship, particularly in the context of its historical setting (1945-1948). This research first explores the significance of “Djihad dan Qitaal” during the post-independence wars among the laskar. Second, we explore both the Islamic laws of war (fiqh al-jihad ) and the International Humanitarian Law (IHL) applicable at that time. We find that Djihad dan Qitaal” was a very important book during the war, at least in two things. First, Masyumi’s “Djihad dan Qitaal” is an important war manual used by the laskar during the post-independence wars, and it teaches Islamic laws of war as well as strengthens the spirit of jihad. Second, despite the conciseness of the book, the Islamic laws of war explained have prescribed and encouraged restraint in warfare in a way that fulfills the purpose of IHL, and is sometimes even more advanced than the IHL applicable at that time
Urgensi Majelis Ulama Indonesia Membersamai Pemerintah dalam Hukum Internasional Muhammadin, Fajri Matahati
El-Dusturie Vol 2 No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21154/el-dusturie.v2i1.5344

Abstract

International law is perhaps a field with the least attention from the ”˜ulama, despite its major influence in shaping the world order, national laws, and society. An “international identity” heavily affects the mindset and daily lives of humanity including in Indonesia. There are numerous incompatibilities between international law and the Islamic Shari”˜ah that may either bring detriments to the society, or potentially serve as a field of da”˜wah bi al-”˜ilm from which to disseminate Islamic solution towards world problems and benefit the society with it. Applying Al-Attas’s Islamic Worldview and theoretical usul al-fiqh analysis on international law and siyar, this paper emphasizes the necessity of Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI) taking an active role in advising the Indonesian government’s participation in international law, especially in treaty-making. I advise a few alternatives for MUI to maximize its role in advising the Indonesian government.Hukum internasional adalah salah satu ranah hukum yang paling sedikit mendapatkan perhatian oleh para ”˜alim ”˜ulama. Padahal, hukum internasional sangat berpengaruh dalam membentuk tatanan dunia, lalu berdampak pada hukum nasional, kemudian juga membentuk masyarakat. Pasalnya, ”˜identitas internasional’ sangat berpengaruh dalam membentuk pola pikir dan kehidupan masyarakat termasuk di Indonesia. Banyak potensi gesekan antara hukum internasional dan Syariat Islam yang berpotensi membentuk masyarakat yang buruk, tapi juga banyak potensi dakwah bi al-”˜ilm dengan menyuarakan solusi-solusi dari Syariat Islam untuk masalah-masalah dunia dan berpotensi membentuk masyarakat yang baik. Makalah ini menekankan urgensi MUI untuk pro-aktif dalam menasehati pemerintah terkait partisipasi dalam hukum internasional, khususnya perjanjian internasional.
Co-Authors Aulia Rizdha Kushardini El-Mechwar, Fairuz Hamidah, Fitry Nabiilah Hanindito Danusatya Rizky Wirastomo Shania Dwini Azzahra Sigit Riyanto Tata Wijayanta