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All Journal VALENSI JURNAL KIMIA SAINS DAN APLIKASI Jurnal Riset Kimia Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Santika : Jurnal Ilmiah Sains dan Teknologi Jurnal Ilmiah Ibnu Sina (JIIS): Ilmu Farmasi dan Kesehatan Journal of Scientech Research and Development Makara Journal of Science CEFARS : JURNAL AGRIBISNIS DAN PENGEMBANGAN WILAYAH Jurnal Agribisnis dan Pengembangan Wilayah

Salih Muharam

Program Studi Kimia, Fakultas Sains & Teknologi, Universitas Muhammadiyah Sukabumi

Author-ID : 323555

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Social Sciences

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Pemerangkapan Garam Ammonium Sulfat dalam Zeolit Taslimah, Taslimah; Muharam, Salih; Sumardjo, Damin
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 6, No 2 (2003): Volume 6 Issue 2 Year 2003
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Modifikasi zeolit alam menjadi material penyimpan hara telah dilakukan dengan cara impreknasi basah. Impreknasi dilakukan dengan merendam zeolit dalam larutan ammonium sulfat pada konsentrasi 13,2% - 39,6%(b/v) dengan selang 6,6%. Kalsinasi zeolit hasil dilakukan pada suhu 250ï‚°C selama 4 jam, karakterisasi hasil dilakukan engan menggunakan difraktometer sinar-X dan spektrofotometer infra merah.Disimpulkan bahwa molekul ammonium sulfat terperangkap dalam zeolit dalam bentuk (NH4)2Ca(SO4)2. Perlakuan kalsinasi pada 250ï‚°C selama 4 jam tidak merubah struktur zeolit.

Pemerangkapan Ammonium (NH4 +) dari Urine Dengan Zeolit Pada Berbagai Variasi Konsentrasi Urine La Ode Sumarlin; Salih Muharam; Andhi Vitaria
Jurnal Kimia Valensi Jurnal Valensi Volume 1, No.3, November 2008
Publisher : Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University

Urine sebagai limbah yang mengandung nitrogen dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber pupuk.Akan tetapi, pada kondisi tertentu dalam air, urea mempunyai ion ammonium yang dapatberubah menjadi nitrit yang bersifat racun atau berubah menjadi ammoniak yang dapatmencemari udara. Untuk mencegah masalah lingkungan tersebut dan efisiensi pupuk makadigunakan zeolit untuk memperlambat dan mencegah perubahan ion ammonium menjadi ionyang bersifat racun. Salah satu sifat zeolit adalah mampu menyerap (adsorpsi) zat organikmaupun zat anorganik dan penukar kation ( ion exchanger) (Dixon, 1989). Ion ammoniummemiliki peluang terbesar untuk terserap dalam zeolit dengan cara penukaran kation. Salah satumetode analisis terhadap daya adsorpsi zeolit adalah metode impregnasi basah, dimana zeolitdirendam dalam berbagai konsentrasi urine 0%(Zo), 5%(Z1), 10%(Z2), 15%(Z3), 20%(Z4) dan25%(Z5). Analisis NH4+dalam filtrate hasil impregnasi zeolit menggunakan spektrofotometerUV/Vis adalah Zo (urine awal) berkisar 72,513 mg/L, Z1 (60,951 mg/L), Z2 (62,191 mg/L), Z3 (69,072 mg/L), Z4 (51,243 mg/L) dan Z5 (58,750 mg/L). Maka didapat kapasitas adsorpsiterbesar adalah pada konsentrasi Z4 yaitu berkisar 21,270 mg/L. Karakterisasi zeolit hasilimpregnasi menggunakan spektrofotometer FTIR terhadap zeolit Zo dan Z4, nampakpuncak/spektra baru pada 1427 cm-1 merupakan ammonium (NH4+) yang terperangkap olehzeolit dalam bentuk garam ammonium.

Peningkatan Kualitas Minyak Nilam (Pogostemon Cablin Benth) menggunakan Kombinasi Metode Fermentasi, Delignifikasi dan Destilasi Salih Muharam; Lela Mukmilah Yuningsih; Iim Sulaeman Rohana
Jurnal Kimia Valensi Jurnal Kimia VALENSI Volume 3, No. 2, November 2017
Publisher : Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University

Penyulingan minyak nilam tradisional dilakukan dalam kapasitas kecil dan menggunakanmetode penyulingan sederhanaberdasarkan pada perbedaan titik didih yang jauh atau salah satu komponen bersifat volatil. Proses ini menghasilkan kualitas minyak nilam kurang baik seperti bilangan asam lebih dari 8, minyak berwarna gelap, patchouli alkohol kurang dari 30%, dan kadarair tinggi.Pada penelitian ini telah dilakukan penyulingan minyak dari tanaman nilammenggunakan kombinasi metode yaitu fermentasi-delignifikasi, destilasi dan pemurnian untuk meningkatkan kualitas minyak nilam. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa kombinasi proses fermentasi-delignifikasi-destilasi-adsorpsi menghasilkan kualitas minyak nilam yang lebih baik dengan kualitas bilangan asam, kandungan patchouli alkohol, kadar air dan bobot jenis berturut-turut adalah 7.48, 35.60%, 0.56%,0.0957. The traditional distillationof patchouli oil conducted in small capacity and using a simple distillation method based on differences of wide a boiling point or one component is volatile. This process results a poor quality of patchouli oils such as the acid numbers is more than 8, dark-colored oils, patchouli alcohols contentis less than 30%, and high water content. In this research has been done oil distillation from patchouli plants using a combination of methods i.e. fermentation-delignification, distillation and purification to improve of patchouli oil quality. The results show that the combination of the fermentation-delignification-distillation-adsorptionis better in quality of patchouli oil with the acid number, patchouli alcohol content, water content and density were 7.48, 35.60%, 0.56%, and 0.0957 respectively.

Hidrogel Superabsorben Berbasis Natrium Alginat-Bentonit sebagai Pelapis Pupuk Lepas Lambat Sintia Lestari; Lela Mukmilah Yuningsih; Salih Muharam
Jurnal Riset Kimia Vol. 13 No. 1 (2022): March
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jrk.v13i1.464

The application of slow-release fertilizer in agriculture is currently very necessary because of its performance that can control the release of fertilizer. However, the case of excessive use of urea on agricultural land has the potential to cause water pollution because the process of nitrification produces nitrite ions that are toxic and eutrophication of water and prevent harmful N2O gas emissions. This research has been done making urea slow-release fertilizer in the form of superabsorbent hydrogel with crosslink method and bentonite coating technique by sodium alginate. The hydrogels formed characterized its structure and morphology with FTIR and SEM-EDS, as well as swelling tests to see its ability to store water. Furthermore, to test the performance of hydrogel as a slow-release fertilizer is carried out urea release test at various pH and times. The results showed that urea fertilizer has filled the structure and surface of hydrogel with a swelling ratio of 2.894,30% (BAC1) and 3.428,52% (BAC2). The addition of CaCl2 crosslinking agent provides increased gelation power, swelling, and adsorption capacity against urea in addition to the urea release process is not affected by pH.

Synthesis and Characterization of Controlled-Release Urea Fertilizer from Superabsorbent Hydrogels Salih Muharam; Afria Fitri; Lela Mukmilah Yuningsih; Yulia Mariana Tessa Ayudia Putri; Isnaini Rahmawati
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 20, No 3 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

It is very important to develop controlled-release fertilizers to ensure efficiency and environmental protection. This study aims to make a superabsorbent hydrogel-based controlled-release urea fertilizer. Superabsorbent hydrogels were prepared from the cellulose of corn cobs cross-linking with epichlorohydrin, and then an amount of urea as a fertilizer was stored inside the hydrogels (GEL-A). The GEL-A functionalization with carboxy-methyl was also carried out in this study to improve the hydrophilicity of hydrogels (GEL-B). GEL-A and GEL-B were immersed in water at a certain pH and temperature range and the urea concentration released from the hydrogels was monitored by a spectrophotometer. The results showed that the urea released by GEL-A and GEL-B was not much different. Respectively, the urea efficiency of GEL-A and GEL-Bwas around 5.29% and 5.56% for 180 min. The urea released from both hydrogels was not significantly affected by changes in the temperature of the solution. Urea release was influenced by pH, and the rate of urea release of GEL-B was faster than GEL-A, so pH control was needed in the application of this slow-release fertilizer.

Pirolisis Limbah Plastik Polietilena Berdensitas Rendah Menggunakan Katalis Dolomit Tania Ardisa; Dikdik Mulyadi; Salih Muharam
SANTIKA is a scientific journal of science and technology Vol. 7 No. 2 (2017): SANTIKA
Publisher : The Faculty of Science and Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37150/jsa.v7i2.660

Sampah plastik merupakan masalah utama yang merusak lingkungan.diIndonesia saat ini penanganan sampah plastik telah berkembang ke arah daurulang plastik tersier menjadi bahan bakar cair. Komposisi kimia plastik salahsatunya adalah HDPE dan LDPE.HDPE dan LDPE merupakan polimer yangterbentuk dari monomer polietilena. Pada penelitian ini rantai karbon polimerdiputuskan dengan cara pirolisis berkatalis dolomit untuk menghasilkan senyawakarbon dengan rantai karbon lebih pendek. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitumengetahui penambahan katalis terhadap volume bahan bakar cair pada limbahplastik LDPE dengan katalis dolomit dan mengetahui jenis bahan bakar cair yangdihasilkan oleh limbah plastik LDPE. Katalis dolomit di karakterisasi olehScanning Electron Microscopyâ€“Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy(SEMEDX), dan bahan bakar cair yang dihasilkan dianalisis oleh Fourier TransformInfra Red (FTIR), Kromatografi Gas-Spektroskopi Massa (GC-MS) dankalorimeter. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan pemanasan katalis dolomitpada suhu 400oC adalah kondisi terbaik untuk menghasilkan bahan bakar cairdengan jumlah paling tinggi dan komposisi kimia susunan bahan bakar cairkomersial.

Simultaneous Combination of Electrocoagulation and Chemical Coagulation Methods for Medical Wastewater Treatment Muharam, Salih; Yuningsih, Lela Mukmilah; Rahmah, Citra Ibdau
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 21, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Chemical coagulation, electrocoagulation, and combined electrocoagulation-chemical coagulation methods were used to reduce organic compound concentrations in medical wastewater. Some parameters in the methods were adjusted to optimize the process, including the applied current, distance between electrodes, number of electrodes, acid levels, coagulant type, and contact time. Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) was used to indicate the total amount of organic compounds in the system. The results showed that the following conditions can be applied to achieve optimum results: 3 A of applied current, 4 pairs of electrodes, with 1 cm of distance between each electrode pair, a pH of 8, 1 g of polyaluminum chloride as the coagulant, and 3 hours of contact time. The optimum removal efficiency levels of total organic compound achieved via chemical coagulation, electrocoagulation, and the simultaneous combination of electrocoagulation-chemical coagulation methods were 41%, 62.51%, and 92.21%, respectively.

Antibacterial Activity against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria and Biolarvicide to Aedes aegypti from Cocok Bubu (Elatostema rostratum (Blume) Hassk) Leaves Extract Lela Lailatul Khumaisah; Rika Ayuningtias; Salih Muharam; Reni Mulyani; Luthfi Awaliah
Jurnal Riset Kimia Vol. 14 No. 2 (2023): September
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jrk.v14i2.613

Tropical diseases are infectious diseases that commonly occur in tropical climates. Infectious diseases are caused by bacteria, viruses, parasites, and are transmitted by several vectors. There are 8 neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) that have spread in Indonesia. Therefore, massive efforts are needed to overcome this disease. Active plant substances have long been popular in treating various diseases. Cocok Bubu (Elatostema rostratum (Blume) Hassk) is an endemic plant of Indonesia. Ethnobotanical studies of this plant are used to treat fever and diarrhea. But, there are no pharmacological studies on previous research because this species belongs to a limited distribution plant. However, Elatostema has a secondary metabolite with various pharmacological activities. This study aims to determine the activity of antibacterial and biolarvicides from Cocok bubu leaf extract. The extraction using the maceration method with acetone, phytochemicals screening, toxicity test using BSLT, antibacterial test with disc diffusion to Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutant, and Streptococcus sanguinis, and biolarvicide activity against Aedes aegypti. Based on the results, Cocok bubu leaf extract contains flavonoids, alkaloids, saponin, tannin, terpenoids, and steroids with a toxicity of 758.45 ppm. From antibacterial activity results, Cocok bubu exctract had the best inhibition zone against Staphylococcus aureus (10 – 18 mm). According to the biolarvicide test, it is effective as a biolarvicide to Aedes aegypti with LC50 51.099 ppm and LT50 of 5 h 43 min. This study shows that Cocok bubu was more effective for treating and preventing NTDs in Indonesia, especially dengue and chikungunya fever in the future.

UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK DAUN JELANTIR (Conyza sumatrensis (Retz.) E. Walker) DALAM SEDIAAN DEODORAN SPRAY TERHADAP BAKTERI Staphylococcus epidermidis Agis Destriawan; Reni Mulyani; Salih Muharam
Jurnal Ilmiah Ibnu Sina (JIIS): Ilmu Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol 8 No 2 (2023): JIIS
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan ISFI Banjarmasin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36387/jiis.v8i2.1458

The bacteria Staphylococcus epidermidis is known to cause body odour in the human body. A common method to kill bacteria that cause body odour is deodorant. Commercial deodorants contain aluminium chlorohydrate and the compound is known to increase the risk of skin cancer and alzheimer's disease. A candidate for a safer deodorant is one made from natural ingredients. One of the natural ingredients that has potential as a deodorant is jelantir leaves. The purpose of this study was to extract and characterise phytochemical compounds and test their antibacterial activity in deodorant spray preparations on Staphylococcus epidermidis. The extraction method used was maceration using ethanol solvent, extract characterisation using UV-Vis spectrophotometry and antibacterial test of deodorant spray preparation of jelantir leaf extract using disc diffusion. The results showed that jelantir leaf extract contained flavonoids 5.5727 ±0.1336 (%w/w QE), saponins 8.6472 ±0.0353 (% w/w SE), tannins 2.1448 ±0.0506 (%w/w TAE), steroids 1.0231 ±0.0083 (%w/w BSE), triterpenoids 0.9090 ±0.0030 (%w/w UAE) and the antibacterial test results had the highest inhibition zone diameter of 13.50 ±0.50 (mm) in formula 30 (%w/v).

PEMBUATAN BIOETANOL DARI LIMBAH BIJI NANGKA (Artocarpus heterophyllus) DENGAN VARIASI KONSENTRASI HCl Muhammad Nurul Fajar; Dikdik Mulyadi; Salih Muharam
Journal of Scientech Research and Development Vol 5 No 2 (2023): JSRD, December 2023
Publisher : Ikatan Dosen Menulis

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56670/jsrd.v5i2.242

Sumber energi utama di Negara Indonesia sampai saat ini adalah bahan bakar fosil. Ketersediaan bahan bakar fosil yang digunakan tidak dapat diperbaharui sehingga semakin berkurang dengan berjalannya waktu. Pemerintah telah menetapkan bauran energi nasional tahun 2025, biofuel atau bahan bakar nabati (BBN) seperti biodiesel atau bioetanol ikut memasok sebesar 5%. Biji buah nangka (Artocarpus heterophyllus) memiliki kandungan karbohidrat yang dapat dimanfaatkan menjadi bahan baku bioetanol sebagai energi alternatif pengganti bahan bakar fosil. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui potensi biji nangka sebagai bahan baku pembuatan bioetanol dan mengetahui variasi konsentrasi larutan asam yang digunakan. Proses pembuatan bioetanol ini dilakukan fermentasi biji buah nangka dengan Saccharomicess cerevisiae dan proses pemurnian. Hasil bioetanol pada limbah biji nangka dengan variasi konsentrasi larutan HCl adalah 0.6 M (12.988%), 0.8 M (13.802%), dan 1 M (15.228%).

Co-Authors Afria Fitri Agis Destriawan Andhi Vitaria Citra Ibdau Rahmah Dikdik Mulyadi Iim Sulaeman Rohana Isnaini Rahmawati La Ode Sumarlin Lela Lailatul Khumaisah Lela Mukmilah Yuningsih Luthfi Awaliah Muhammad Nurul Fajar Nomosatryo, Nomosatryo Rahmah, Citra Ibdau Rani, Ismarani Reni Mulyani Rika Ayuningtias Riza Rizki Islani Sintia Lestari Sumardjo, Damin Tania Ardisa Taslimah Taslimah Yulia Mariana Tessa Ayudia Putri

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