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Kinerja Filter Pasir Lambat Dalam Menurunkan Fe Dan Mn Lela Mukmilah Yuningsih
Jurnal Teknik: Media Pengembangan Ilmu dan Aplikasi Teknik Vol 11 No 1 (2012): Jurnal Teknik - Media Pengembangan Ilmu dan Aplikasi Teknik
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik - Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26874/jt.vol11no1.335

Air baku merupakan air yang berasal dari bawah tanah yang dikenal dengan nama artesis. Air tersebut mempunyai kadar besi (Fe) dan mangan (Mn) yang cukup tinggi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kinerja filter pasir lambat (slow sand filter) dengan menggunakan media pasir aktif dan karbon aktif untuk mengurangi besi dan mangan. Parameter yang akan digunakan untuk mengetahui kinerja dari filter pasir lambat dengan media filter pasir dan karbon aktif ini dibatasi pada penurunan kadar besi (Fe) dan mangan (Mn). Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh penurunan konsentrasi besi 0.0641 mg/L dengan effisiensi 97.54% dengan media filter pasir aktif, penurunan konsentrasi mangan 0.1112 mg/L dengan effisiensi 78.28% dengan media filter pasir aktif, penurunan konsentrasi besi 0.0145 mg/L dengan effisiensi 99.33% dengan media filter pasir aktif-karbon aktif, penurunan konsentrasi mangan 0.0654 mg/L dengan effisiensi 90.62% dengan media filter pasir aktif-karbon aktif. Kinerja filter dengan media filter pasir aktif-karbon aktif membutuhkan waktu lebih lama yaitu 36 hari dibandingkan dengan media filter pasir yang membutuhkan waktu 28 hari dengan debit 0.0005 L/d. Terdapat perbedaan efisiensi penurunan kadar Fe maupun Mn dari ke-6 debit yang digunakan.

Hidrogel Superabsorben Berbasis Natrium Alginat-Bentonit sebagai Pelapis Pupuk Lepas Lambat Lestari, Sintia; Yuningsih, Lela Mukmilah; Muharam, Salih
Jurnal Riset Kimia Vol 13, No 1 (2022): March
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jrk.v13i1.464

The application of slow-release fertilizer in agriculture is currently very necessary because of its performance that can control the release of fertilizer. However, the case of excessive use of urea on agricultural land has the potential to cause water pollution because the process of nitrification produces nitrite ions that are toxic and eutrophication of water and prevent harmful N2O gas emissions. This research has been done making urea slow-release fertilizer in the form of superabsorbent hydrogel with crosslink method and bentonite coating technique by sodium alginate. The hydrogels formed characterized its structure and morphology with FTIR and SEM-EDS, as well as swelling tests to see its ability to store water. Furthermore, to test the performance of hydrogel as a slow-release fertilizer is carried out urea release test at various pH and times. The results showed that urea fertilizer has filled the structure and surface of hydrogel with a swelling ratio of 2.894,30% (BAC1) and 3.428,52% (BAC2). The addition of CaCl2 crosslinking agent provides increased gelation power, swelling, and adsorption capacity against urea in addition to the urea release process is not affected by pH.

Analisis Mutu Minyak Jelantah Hasil Peremajaan Menggunakan Tanah Diatomit Alami dan Terkalsinasi La Ode Sumarlin; Lela Mukmillah; Ratna Istianah
Jurnal Kimia Valensi Jurnal Valensi Volume 1, No.4, Mei 2009
Publisher : Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University

Kualitas minyak goreng sangat ditentukan oleh sifat fisika dan kimianya. Semakin sering minyakgoreng dipanaskan maka kualitasnya akan semakin menurun. Pada Penelitian ini dilakukan prosesperemajaan minyak goreng bekas (minyak jelantah) dengan menggunakan dua adsorben, yaituadsorben tanah diatomit alami dan tanah diatomit yang dikalsinasi. Dalam proses peremajaan inidilakukan proses aktivasi terhadap adsorben untuk dapat meningkatkan daya serap adsorben terhadapminyak jelantah. Parameter uji yang dilakukan untuk mengetahui kualitas minyak jelantah hasilperemajaan oleh tanah diatomit terdiri atas kadar air, kadar kotoran, bilangan peroksida dan kadarasam dengan metode titrasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa minyak jelantah hasil peremajaanoleh tanah diatomit alami mengalami kenaikan kualitas. Hal ini ditunjukan oleh penurunan kadar airminyak jelantah yang semula 1,2412%, kadar kotoran 3,2779%, bilangan peroksida 0,0168 mgO2/100gr, dan bilangan asam sebesar 1,0037. Setelah diremajakan oleh tanah diatomit alamimengalami penurunan kadar air sebesar 0,6139%, kadar kotoran 1,8100%, bilangan peroksida0,0121mg O2/100gr dan bilangan asam sebesar 0,9751. Begitupun dengan minyak jelantah hasilperemajaan dengan adsorben tanah diatomit terkalsinasi dengan kadar air sebesar 0,2881% kadarkotoran 0,6429%, bilangan peroksida 0,0099mg O2/100gr dan bilangan asam sebesar 0,8038. Minyakjelantah hasil peremajaan oleh tanah diatomit terkalsinasi mengalami peningkatan kualitas ataupenurunan persentase kadar air sebesar 76,79%, kadar kotoran 80,39%, bilangan peroksida 41,07%dan bilangan asam sebesar 19,92%. Begitupun untuk minyak jelantah hasil peremajaan oleh tanahdiatomit alami. Namun kenaikan kualitasnya tidak sebesar hasil peremajaan oleh tanah diatomitterkalsinasi, persentase penurunan kadar air pada minyak hasil peremajaan tanah diatomit alamisebesar 50,54% , kadar kotoran 44,78%, bilangan peroksida 27,68% dan bilangan asam sebesar2,85%. Dari data hasil penelitian dapat diketahui bahwa tanah diatomit alami daya serapnya lebihrendah daripada dengan tanah diatomit terkalsinasi.

Pengaruh Aktivasi Arang Aktif dari Tongkol Jagung dan Tempurung Kelapa Terhadap Luas Permukaan dan Daya Jerap Iodin Lela Mukmilah Yuningsih; Dikdik Mulyadi; A Jaka Kurnia
Jurnal Kimia Valensi Jurnal Kimia VALENSI Volume 2, No. 1, Mei 2016
Publisher : Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/jkv.v2i1.3091

The activated charcoal can be produced from various raw material which contains carbon such as corn cobs and coconut shell. Generally, activated charcoal made through activation process with added chemical materials. The kind of activator will give different influence on surface area or pores volume of the result activated charcoal. In this study, will be made activated charcoal from corn cobs and activated by physical and chemical with KOH activator. Carbonation process is performed at 800oC for 2 hours and followed by chemical activation process by KOH with mass ratio water: charcoal: KOH is 1:1:4, then activated by physical at 600oC for 4 hours. Conducted test on sample contain iodine adsorption and SEM. As a result, iodine adsorption of activated charcoal indicated at KOH 20%. the best adsorption of coconut shell activated charcoal is 1240.233 mg/g with surface area 2352.851 m2/g, while corn cobs activated charcoal is 1133.757 mg/g with surface area 2150.866 m2/g. Morphology of activated charcoal with KOH 20% have pore structure with high 22.63 µm and wide 26.41 µm, the resulting pore size included into macropores structure. Keywords: Activated charcoal, carbonation, activation, adsorption, surface area. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/jkv.v2i1.3091

Peningkatan Kualitas Minyak Nilam (Pogostemon Cablin Benth) menggunakan Kombinasi Metode Fermentasi, Delignifikasi dan Destilasi Salih Muharam; Lela Mukmilah Yuningsih; Iim Sulaeman Rohana
Jurnal Kimia Valensi Jurnal Kimia VALENSI Volume 3, No. 2, November 2017
Publisher : Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University

Penyulingan minyak nilam tradisional dilakukan dalam kapasitas kecil dan menggunakanmetode penyulingan sederhanaberdasarkan pada perbedaan titik didih yang jauh atau salah satu komponen bersifat volatil. Proses ini menghasilkan kualitas minyak nilam kurang baik seperti bilangan asam lebih dari 8, minyak berwarna gelap, patchouli alkohol kurang dari 30%, dan kadarair tinggi.Pada penelitian ini telah dilakukan penyulingan minyak dari tanaman nilammenggunakan kombinasi metode yaitu fermentasi-delignifikasi, destilasi dan pemurnian untuk meningkatkan kualitas minyak nilam. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa kombinasi proses fermentasi-delignifikasi-destilasi-adsorpsi menghasilkan kualitas minyak nilam yang lebih baik dengan kualitas bilangan asam, kandungan patchouli alkohol, kadar air dan bobot jenis berturut-turut adalah 7.48, 35.60%, 0.56%,0.0957. The traditional distillationof patchouli oil conducted in small capacity and using a simple distillation method based on differences of wide a boiling point or one component is volatile. This process results a poor quality of patchouli oils such as the acid numbers is more than 8, dark-colored oils, patchouli alcohols contentis less than 30%, and high water content. In this research has been done oil distillation from patchouli plants using a combination of methods i.e. fermentation-delignification, distillation and purification to improve of patchouli oil quality. The results show that the combination of the fermentation-delignification-distillation-adsorptionis better in quality of patchouli oil with the acid number, patchouli alcohol content, water content and density were 7.48, 35.60%, 0.56%, and 0.0957 respectively.

SYNTHESIS OF POLYANILINE MICROCELLULOSE COMPOSITE Lela Mukmilah Yuningsih; Dikdik Mulyadi; Devia Indriani
Jurnal Kimia dan Kemasan Vol. 43 No. 1 April 2021
Publisher : Balai Besar Kimia dan Kemasan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24817/jkk.v43i1.6326

In this study, the Polyaniline-Microcellulose composite was produced as a solid electrolyte. In the previous research, polyaniline-cellulose composite has been carried out. However, the electronegativity and electrical voltage are still below the conventional batteries. In order to increase its performance, a polyaniline-microcellulose composite was synthesized. The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of the Polyaniline-Microcellulose composite on its conductivity and voltage values. Microcellulose synthesis used a combination method of sulfuric acid hydrolysis with concentrations of 30%-64% and sonication. Polyaniline - Microcellulose composite was synthesized via polymerization of aniline using chemical oxidation and sonication. Microcellulose was characterized using particle size analyzer (PSA). Microcellulose and PANI-microcellulose composites were characterized using FTIR, SEM-EDX, and XRD. The conductivity values and electrical quantities of PANI-Microcellulose composite were measured using LCR-meter and Digital Multimeter, respectively. The diameter of the microcellulose particles were between 20 nm – 40,6 µm. Microcellulose and PANI-Microcellulose composites showed identical absorption bands, namely the stretching vibrations to-OH and CH (aliphatic), which were shown at wavelengths 3444.87 cm-1 and 2897.08 cm-1, two typical groups of cellulose. The typical groups of PANI are bending vibrations from N-H, stretching vibrations of C=C, C-N, and quinoid ring C=N at wavelengths 1566.20 cm-1, 1479.40 cm-1, 1300.02 cm-1, and 1141.86 cm-1. PANI-Microcellulose composite morphology showed that PANI had been dispersed on microcellulose and free from impurities. The degrees of crystallinity are 30.9343% for microcellulose and 14.6079% for PANI-microcellulose. The optimum conductivity value of PANI-microcellulose composite at a ratio of 1:10 is 0.036013 S/cm; the electrical voltage is 1.34 volts with an electric current of 83 mA.

Hidrogel Superabsorben Berbasis Natrium Alginat-Bentonit sebagai Pelapis Pupuk Lepas Lambat Sintia Lestari; Lela Mukmilah Yuningsih; Salih Muharam
Jurnal Riset Kimia Vol. 13 No. 1 (2022): March
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jrk.v13i1.464

The application of slow-release fertilizer in agriculture is currently very necessary because of its performance that can control the release of fertilizer. However, the case of excessive use of urea on agricultural land has the potential to cause water pollution because the process of nitrification produces nitrite ions that are toxic and eutrophication of water and prevent harmful N2O gas emissions. This research has been done making urea slow-release fertilizer in the form of superabsorbent hydrogel with crosslink method and bentonite coating technique by sodium alginate. The hydrogels formed characterized its structure and morphology with FTIR and SEM-EDS, as well as swelling tests to see its ability to store water. Furthermore, to test the performance of hydrogel as a slow-release fertilizer is carried out urea release test at various pH and times. The results showed that urea fertilizer has filled the structure and surface of hydrogel with a swelling ratio of 2.894,30% (BAC1) and 3.428,52% (BAC2). The addition of CaCl2 crosslinking agent provides increased gelation power, swelling, and adsorption capacity against urea in addition to the urea release process is not affected by pH.

SYNTHESIS OF POLYANILINE MICROCELLULOSE COMPOSITE Lela Mukmilah Yuningsih; Dikdik Mulyadi; Devia Indriani
Jurnal Kimia dan Kemasan Vol. 43 No. 1 April 2021
Publisher : Balai Besar Kimia dan Kemasan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24817/jkk.v43i1.6326

In this study, the Polyaniline-Microcellulose composite was produced as a solid electrolyte. In the previous research, polyaniline-cellulose composite has been carried out. However, the electronegativity and electrical voltage are still below the conventional batteries. In order to increase its performance, a polyaniline-microcellulose composite was synthesized. The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of the Polyaniline-Microcellulose composite on its conductivity and voltage values. Microcellulose synthesis used a combination method of sulfuric acid hydrolysis with concentrations of 30%-64% and sonication. Polyaniline - Microcellulose composite was synthesized via polymerization of aniline using chemical oxidation and sonication. Microcellulose was characterized using particle size analyzer (PSA). Microcellulose and PANI-microcellulose composites were characterized using FTIR, SEM-EDX, and XRD. The conductivity values and electrical quantities of PANI-Microcellulose composite were measured using LCR-meter and Digital Multimeter, respectively. The diameter of the microcellulose particles were between 20 nm – 40,6 µm. Microcellulose and PANI-Microcellulose composites showed identical absorption bands, namely the stretching vibrations to-OH and CH (aliphatic), which were shown at wavelengths 3444.87 cm-1 and 2897.08 cm-1, two typical groups of cellulose. The typical groups of PANI are bending vibrations from N-H, stretching vibrations of C=C, C-N, and quinoid ring C=N at wavelengths 1566.20 cm-1, 1479.40 cm-1, 1300.02 cm-1, and 1141.86 cm-1. PANI-Microcellulose composite morphology showed that PANI had been dispersed on microcellulose and free from impurities. The degrees of crystallinity are 30.9343% for microcellulose and 14.6079% for PANI-microcellulose. The optimum conductivity value of PANI-microcellulose composite at a ratio of 1:10 is 0.036013 S/cm; the electrical voltage is 1.34 volts with an electric current of 83 mA.

Efektivitas Pemanfaatan Serbuk Gergaji dan Limbah Media Tanam Jamur (Baglog) sebagai Bahan Baku Pembuatan Biogas Dikdik Mulyadi; Lela Mukmilah Yuningsih; Desi Kusumawati
Jurnal Kimia Valensi Jurnal Kimia VALENSI Volume 2, No. 1, Mei 2016
Publisher : Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University

Biogas is one of energy that can be produced by anaerobic fermentation of the organic compounds. The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the utilization of waste of media mushroom growth (baglog) with sawdust as raw material for biogas with cow dung activators. The study was conducted through anaerobic fermentation of the samples containing waste baglog (sample 1) and sawdust (sample 2), with the addition of cow manure activator to each sample. Both of these samples do anaerobic fermentation for 32 days, then measuring the volume of biogas every 4 days for 32 days. Methane content in samples 1 and 2 measured by using gas chromatography. To see the effect of the addition of activators cow dung biogas volume measurement was carried out with cow dung without addition baglog waste and sawdust. The process of degradation baglog and sawdust with an activator of cow dung could be observed in some of the parameters through total solids (TS), total volatile solids (TVS), volatile fatty acids (VFA), the degree of acidity (pH), and C/N ratio. The results showed that effectiveness of sample 1 resulted in the everage of total volume biogas 28% higher than sample 2. The content of methane in sample 1 and sampel 2 was 54% %, and 0.21% respectively. The fermentation process biogas production in this experiment was carried out at pH 7, with a value of TS, TVS and VFA showed a decrease trend after the fermentation process, C/N ratiowas lower than the baglog waste sawdust until day 32 retention time. Keywords: Sawdust, baglog waste, biogas, fermentation, methane DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/jkv.v2i1.3100

Sintesis Komposit Polianilin-Karbon Aktif dari Tongkol Jagung sebagai Elektrolit Padat Pada Baterai Lela Mukmilah Yuningsih; Yusri Mutia Fauziyah
Jurnal Kimia Valensi Jurnal Kimia VALENSI Volume 4, No. 2, November 2018
Publisher : Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University

The polyaniline-activated carbon composites are synthesized using aniline chemical oxidation polymerization methods as well as variations in carbonization temperature of 800 °C and 1000 °C. The polyaniline-activated carbon composites are characterized by their value of conductivity, functional groups, crystallinity, morphology, composition and electrical quantities by LCR-meter analysis, FTIR, XRD, SEM-EDX and digital multimeters. The conductivity value of composite polyanilin-activated carbon with carbonization temperature of 800°C and 1000 °C are 0.718 S/cm and 1.1003 S/cm. Polyaniline-activated carbon 800 composite and Polyaniline-activated carbon 1000 composite showed absorption bands acoording to PANI. The wave number that appear on PANI-activated carbon 800 composite and PANI-activated carbon 1000 peak is characteristic of PANI where the wave number 1562 cm-1, 1558 cm-1 is the vibration of the C = N and 1479 cm-1, 1475 cm-1is the vibration of the C = C with slacking off the degree of crystallinity PANI-activated carbon 800 i.e. 23.31% and PANI-activated Carbon 1000 i.e. 37.68%. Analysis of surface morphology and composite element content using SEM-EDX shows that particles of polianilin grows on active carbon fiber and free from impurity. The resulting voltage and current both PANI-Carbon 800 and PANI-carbon 1000 are 1.09 volt 19.74 mA and 1.15 Volts 19.98 mA.

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