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Muktiono
Fakultas Hukum Universitas Brawijaya
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MENGKAJI POLITIK HUKUM KEBEBASAN BERAGAMA DAN BERKEYAKINAN DI INDONESIA Muktiono Muktiono
Jurnal Dinamika Hukum Vol 12, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.jdh.2012.12.2.59

Abstract

Indonesia has entered the era of human rights characterized by increasingly massive domestication of the international human rights norms in national legal system. In such a situation, in fact, the rights to freedom of religion and of belief for minorities have not received their benefits and instead they become victims. This Article seeks to investigate how it can happen by using the legal politics analysis as perspective. Legal politics here will focus on how the governments of several regimes in Indonesia have used their legislation and policy to regulate matters relating to the rights to freedom of religion and belief. In addition, it will also see how the Constitutional Court contributed to this issue by influencing the legal politics as this Court is the sole authority in interpreting the constitutional right to the freedom of religion and belief thereby affecting its normation and implementation. Key words:  Religious minority group, human rights, legal politics of Indonesia
KRITIK KONSEPTUALISASI PEMEGANG HAK DAN PEMEGANG KEWAJIBAN DALAM UNDANG-UNDANG HAK ASASI MANUSIA Muktiono Muktiono
Arena Hukum Vol. 8 No. 3 (2015)
Publisher : Arena Hukum

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (856.56 KB) | DOI: 10.21776/ub.arenahukum.2015.00803.3

Abstract

AbstractThe Act No.39 of 1999 on Human Rights has strategic position due to its position as reference law for every lower legislation in the area of human rights, and therefore to some extent will influence the State complience in promoting human rights. One of the most central issues in the Act No. 39 of 1999 on Human Rights is about the conceptualization of human rights’ elements that are ‘rights holder’ and ‘duties-bearer’. There has been contradiction in terminological use of ‘rights holder’ and ‘duties-bearer’ by both state apparatus and community members. This research will conduct criticism to the conceptualization of ‘rights holder’ and ‘duties-bearer’ in the Human Rights Act by means of interpretative study based on the relation between law and language. The output of this study is intended to contribute in enriching conceptual reference for legal interpretation conducted by the judge in the court in relation to human rights case; giving theoretical framework for legislature and government in establishing laws and regulation, policy, program, and plan as efforts to respect, protect, fulfil, and promote human rights.  AbstrakUndang-Undang Nomor 39 Tahun 1999 tentang Hak Asasi Manusia memiliki posisi strategis karena menjadi dasar dan rujukan dalam pembentukan peraturan perundang-undangan di bawahnya dan oleh karena itu akan menentukan kualitas kebijakan dan tindakan negara terkait penegakan Hak Asasi Manusia. Salah satu elemen esensial dalam penormaan definiendum HAM adalah “Pemegang Hak (rights holder)” dan “Pemegang Kewajiban (duties-bearer)”. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode normatif konseptual yang ditujukan untuk melakukan pengujian secara kritis terhadap konstruksi norma “Pemegang Hak (rights holder)” dan “Pemegang Kewajiban (duties-bearer)” yang ada dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 39 Tahun 1999 tentang Hak Asasi Manusia. Latar belakang faktual diselenggarakannya penelitian ini adalah karena terjadinya kontradiksi penggunaan terminologi “Pemegang Hak (rights holder)” dan “Pemegang Kewajiban (duties-bearer)” di ruang-ruang publik antara lain oleh otoritas negara, aktivis Hak Asasi Manusia, dan masyarakat. Kontribusi dari luaran penelitian (output) adalah pengayaan basis atau acuan interpretasi dalam ratio decidendi maupun obiter dictum para hakim terkait penanganan perkara pelanggaran (violation) maupun penyalahgunaan (abuse) Hak Asasi Manusia; selain itu, memberikan asistensi kepada otoritas legislatif dan eksekutif dalam menyusun kebijakan, program, rencana, dan tindakan terkait Hak Asasi Manusia sehingga mempunyai tingkat fisibilitas tinggi karena kejelasan pada aspek pelaksana kewajiban oleh lembaga-lembaga negara serta penargetan yang lebih jelas terkait siapa yang menerima manfaatnya.
Pelaksanaan Kewajiban PPAT dalam Memberikan Jasa Tanpa Memungut Biaya Kepada Seseorang yang Tidak Mampu Eva Rahayu; Muktiono Muktiono; Hendrarto Hadisuryo
Jurnal Magister Hukum Udayana (Udayana Master Law Journal) Vol 12 No 4 (2023)
Publisher : University of Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JMHU.2023.v12.i04.p15

Abstract

AT and Temporary PPAT are required to provide services without charging a fee to someone who cannot afford it in making Authentic Deeds regarding land rights or Rights of Ownership to apartments units as evidence of specific legal actions. The strength of the Authentic Deed becomes conclusive evidence for those involved, and hence, if a party raises objections, it can be proven in court. In legal existing and interpreting the legal norms governed by these regulations, multiple interpretations and uncompleted regulations can be produced regarding the intended criteria and the completeness of the required document for the involved parties. Therefore, the application for PPAT in fulfilling their obligations depends on each of them involving their standardization, as this is not regulated in the existing regulations. Hence, the next question is how far this regulation can be implemented, considering the legal subjects targeted by this regulation are less privileged or those who are unable to pay. The purpose of this research is to address the implementation of PPAT in carrying out their duties. This research analyzed the relevant regulations, literature, and conduct interviews with PPAT. This research uses a normative legal research method using a Statute Approach and a Conceptual Approach. The results of this research showed a misinterpretation in its implementation that is influenced by two factors: the absence of standardized criteria to determine an individual’s inability, and requirements specified are not sufficiently accurate to guarantee the validity. AT dan PPAT Sementara wajib memberikan jasa tanpa memungut biaya kepada seseorang yang tidak mampu dalam hal membuat Akta Autentik mengenai hak atas tanah atau Hak Milik Atas Satuan Rumah Susun sebagai bukti telah dilakukannya suatu perbuatan hukum tertentu. Kekuatan Akta Autentik yang dihasilkan merupakan pembuktian sempurna bagi para pihak, sehingga apabila suatu pihak mengajukan keberatan dapat dibuktikan dalam meja pengadilan. Dengan kondisi hukum (legal existing) yang mengatur, penafsiran dari Norma hukumnya yang diatur dalam peraturan-peraturan tersebut dapat menimbulkan multitafsir serta ditemukan ketidaklengkapan peraturan baik dalam hal kriteria yang dituju maupun kelengkapan persyaratan dokumen yang diperlukan bagi pihak yang berkepentingan. Maka penerapannya bagi Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah (PPAT) dalam menjalankan kewajibannya tergantung dari yang bersangkutan dengan menerapkan standarisasi berdasarkan versinya karena hal tersebut tidak diatur dalam peraturan yang berlaku. Sehingga yang menjadi pertanyaan selanjutnya sejauh mana peraturan ini dapat terlaksana, mengingat sasaran yang menjadi subjek hukum dalam peraturan tersebut ialah Masyarakat/Seseorang yang tidak mampu. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menjawab terkait bagaimana pelaksanaan kewajiban Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah (PPAT) dalam menjalankan kewajibannya, penelitian ini diarahkan untuk menganalisis peraturan terkait, literatur, serta melakukan wawancara dengan Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah (PPAT). Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian hukum normatif. Dari hasil penelitian pada pelaksanaanya terdapat kesalahan penafsiran yang dipengaruhi oleh 2 faktor yaitu; tidak ada standar baku untuk menentukan kriteria seseorang tidak mampu; persyararatan yang ditentukan tidak cukup akurat untuk menjamin kebenarannya;
The Indonesian Blasphemy Law as Legal Forum for Renegotiating Indonesian Secularity Muktiono
Human Rights in the Global South (HRGS) Vol. 1 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Serikat Pengajar Hak Asasi Manusia Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1732.038 KB) | DOI: 10.56784/hrgs.v1i1.1

Abstract

If secularism is described merely as the decline of religious roles in public spheres or religious privatization, then there would be difficulties to put the secular term on Indonesian history. The principle of divinity “Ketuhanan Yang Maha Esa” as adopted on the “Pancasila” as state ideology has become basis for religionization and rejecting any utterance of secularism at law, State institution, or other public domain. On the other hand, Indonesia as a democratic State as well as the most populous Muslim country in the world has never put the notion of Islamic state or theocracy as its State model. Its modernity is developed under the Western idea of law supremacy or the rule of law to which a democratic political system is laid down. This situation seems to be paradoxical in the view of both religionist or modernist due to its inconsistency to their strict concept especially on Islamic state and secularism. Or, is Indonesia another example of how religion and modernity has its multiplicity based its own historical reflexivity without making clash between religion and secularism? This article is intended to seek kind of distinction on Indonesian secularity based on how its blasphemy law developed and functioned under the framework of open-ended negotiation. The first epoch assumed as the place of negotiation on Indonesian secularity was taken place on initial stage of State’s formation around transition era of independence in 1945. Then, there have been several renegotiations afterward through multiple and overlapping instruments of development such as politics, economy, law, and culture. The blasphemy law as one of such instruments will be used to read how the relevant actors of Indonesian history has constructed their own concept of state and religion included its interrelationship characters as the basis for social and structural differentiation or distinction. The expected outcome of the reading and its analysis is to reveal any evidence of Indonesian particularity on secularization which may be related to the concept of multiple secularities.
Konstitusionalitas Pembatasan Hak Mantan Narapidana untuk Menjadi Notaris Salsabila, Aizahra Dafa; Muktiono, Muktiono; Sulistio, Faizin
Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan Vol 8, No 2 (2023): Juli 2023
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17977/um019v8i2p168-178

Abstract

This article aimsto discussthe juridical analysis of the provisions which state that former convicts cannot become notaries. The type of method used is normative juridical with a statutory approach, conceptual approach and historical approach. Legal material sources consist of primary and secondary legal materials, analysis techniques using grammatical and theological interpretation. The provisions of Law Number 2 of 2014 in Article 3 letter h which states that the condition for becoming a notary isto never be subject to imprisonment for a minimum of five years or more is unclear and unfair. Limiting the length of sanctions regardless of the type of criminal act is not appropriate, there should be certain types of criminal acts related to the notary profession or the code of ethics that is the reference. In several regulations there are criminal offenses that carry a sentence of less than five years, however the criminal offenses committed are closely related to the professionalism that a notary must possess. This provision also does not provide a sense of justice because someone who has served his sentence means that he has received sanctions for the actions he has committed and has the right to get a decent job as regulated in Article 27 and Article 28 of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia.
Sad Kerthi as a Legal Concept of Self-Determination for Indigenous People in Bali Prasada, Dewa Krisna; Nurjaya, I Nyoman; Sulistyarini, Rachmi; Muktiono, Muktiono
Human Rights in the Global South (HRGS) Vol. 3 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Serikat Pengajar Hak Asasi Manusia Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56784/hrgs.v3i1.82

Abstract

This study aims to examine the historical and cultural aspects of Sad Kerthi as a legal terminology that is part of the traditional knowledge of indigenous people in Bali, one of Indonesia’s culturally richest provinces. The recognition and respect for indigenous communities have been a significant topic outlined in Article 18B paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution. This Article underpins legislations and regulations aimed to empower indigenous communities to exercise self-governance in their social context within the framework of the contemporary globalised society. By using socio-legal research methods with a statute approach and legal facts, this research finds that the lack of a legal definition of Indigenous people adversely impacts the self-determination of Indigenous people in Indonesia. At the same time, the common problems faced are not unequivocal, by considering Bali, Sad Kerthi as local wisdom is incorporated in Bali Province Act 15/2023. This legislation is further broken down into local regulations that allow Balinese communities to preserve their social structures and self-determination in everyday activities. Based on legal evidence collected from three different types of customary villages in Bali, which are Baliaga, Apanage, and Anyar, the indigenous communities in each of these traditional villages are autonomous and enjoy specific privileges maintained since their ancestors.
Analisis Peranan Pemerintah Terhadap Praktik Greenwashing Dalam Strategi Investasi Keuangan Berkelanjutan Berbasis ESG Chandra, Julius Adi Chandra; Rian Sacipto; muktiono, Muktiono
Jurnal Panorama Hukum Vol 7 No 2 (2022): Desember
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas PGRI Kanjuruhan Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21067/jph.v7i2.7584

Abstract

Sustainable Finance is one of the government's steps in preserving the Environment. A concrete form of sustainable finance is an ESG-based sustainable investment. Financial Service Institutions, Issuers, Banks, and Public Companies are required to implement Sustainable Finance in order to achieve a national economy that grows stably, inclusively, and sustainably and can prevent forms of investment in business activities that use excessive resources that have the potential to damage the Environment, these demands are based on POJK Number 51 /POJK.03/2017. However, the regulation still does not regulate specific classifications and indicators for companies that do use nature as one of their business prospects, as a result of which Greenwashing practices often occur indirectly. Therefore, according to the author, OJK as an institution in charge of regulating and supervising financial services activities in the Banking sector, Capital Market sector, and IKNB sector, must make special arrangements related to Greenwashing practices so as to eliminate ambiguity in implementing Sustainable Finance in ESG-based Sustainability Investment strategies.
Harmonisasi Kewenangan Penyidikan Personel Tentara Nasional Indonesia yang Melakukan Tindak Pidana Korupsi Zulmi, Muhammad Nizar; Shinta Hadiyantina; Muktiono
International Journal Of Humanities Education and Social Sciences (IJHESS) Vol 4 No 2 (2024): IJHESS OCTOBER 2024
Publisher : CV. AFDIFAL MAJU BERKAH

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55227/ijhess.v4i2.1283

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the legal implications of disharmony of authority between the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK) and the Indonesian National Army Military Police Center (Puspom TNI) in investigating corruption perpetrators from military personnel as well as the ideal formulation in the investigation of corruption cases from the perspective of the principle of equality before the law in the future. This research is normative juridical research that uses both the statutory and conceptual approaches. This study concludes two things. First, the resolution of the disharmony of authority between the KPK and Puspom TNI in the 2002 KPK Law, the Military Justice Law, and the TNI Law is that the legislators harmonize the regulatory material, submit a request for judicial review of the law in the Mahkamah Konstitusi, and apply the principle of lex specialis derogat legi generalis. Second, the ideal formulation for the future is to revise the Military Justice Law and the TNI Law, which specifically regulates TNI soldiers who commit military crimes only. If a soldier commits a corruption crime, the Corruption Court will resolve the case without distinguishing the perpetrator's military or civilian status.
THE RESPONSIBILITY OF NOTARIES AS PUBLIC SERVANTS REGARDING DESIRED AGREEMENT DEEDS USING BRAILLE SCRIPT Retno Wahyu Nickent Cassy; Muktiono; Erna Anggraini
International Journal of Educational Review, Law And Social Sciences (IJERLAS) Vol. 3 No. 5 (2023): September
Publisher : RADJA PUBLIKA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54443/ijerlas.v3i5.1035

Abstract

This research examines the aspects of the notary's responsibility as a public servant, specifically regarding individuals with disabilities, in relation to Law Number 25 of 2009 on Public Services. The notary is involved and has the responsibility to provide services to the public. In this study, the researcher addresses two topics: the duties and responsibilities of the notary as a public servant, and the use of Braille script in desired deeds. To answer these two discussions, the author adopts a normative juridical approach through the study of legal materials and literature sources related to the chosen theme. The research findings indicate that the notary has a workload of tasks and responsibilities as a public servant in the private realm, and copies as well as minutes of deeds can be made using Braille script. The International Organization's Notarial Guide of Good Practices for People With Disabilities has recommended the establishment of specific regulations for individuals with disabilities, essentially allowing the use of Braille script in deeds as a way to maximize services.
REASONABLE PRICE INDICATORS IN COLLECTION OF BPHTB SALE AND PURCHASE BY BAPENDA MALANG CITY Aulia Faza Regista; Muktiono; Supriyadi
International Journal of Educational Review, Law And Social Sciences (IJERLAS) Vol. 3 No. 2 (2023): March
Publisher : RADJA PUBLIKA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54443/ijerlas.v3i2.1105

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to analyze and describe the indicators used by Bappenda in determining the fair transaction price for buying and selling land in Malang City in collecting BPHTB. This type of research is a socio-legal research with a juridical-sociological approach. This research was conducted at the Malang City Regional Revenue Agency. The results of the analysis show that based on the results of interviews with Bapenda, it states that a fair transaction price has the same meaning in determining market value, but for buying and selling transactions, Bapenda determines it in several ways in the form of a sales price submitted by the taxpayer as the seller, the previous documents where there are similarities in certain districts or sub-districts, can also be seen by neighboring houses that are next door and around it. Of these 3 things, Bapenda takes the average to determine a fair transaction price. The use of the price contained in the Bappenda tax database is used as a measure to find out whether the stated transaction price is a reasonable transaction price. Considering that many taxpayers include the transaction price on the Sale and Purchase Deed and SSPD BPHTB which does not match the actual price to minimize the amount of BPHTB owed.
Co-Authors Abdul Madjid Abdul Madjid Aulia Faza Regista Chandra, Julius Adi Chandra Daniel Alexander Siagian Dipa Rivaldi Erna Anggraini Eva Rahayu Faizin Sulistio Hendrarto Hadisuryo Hendrarto Hadisuryo I Nyoman Nurjaya Joshua Aditya Setyanugraha Muhammad Hilmy Rizqullah Ramadhan Ngesti Dwi Prasetyo Prasada, Dewa Krisna Rachmi Sulistyarini Retno Wahyu Nickent Cassy Rian Sacipto Salsabila, Aizahra Dafa Shinta Hadiyantina Supriyadi Zulmi, Muhammad Nizar