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All Journal Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Research Report - Engineering Science Jurnal Teknik Sipil Jurnal Teknik Sipil dan Perencanaan ALCHEMY Jurnal Penelitian Kimia Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Jurnal Teknik Kimia
Henky Muljana
Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknologi Industri Universitas Katolik Parahyangan
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Control & Systems Engineering Education Energy Engineering Environmental Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Social Sciences Transportation

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Experimental Study of Cationic-Modified Biopolymer for Increasing the Shear Strength of Sand Ardiana, Andra; Lim, Aswin; Muljana, Henky
Jurnal Teknik Sipil dan Perencanaan Vol 26, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jtsp.v26i1.49722

Abstract

The application of biopolymers as a more environmentally friendly alternative to cement has emerged as an interesting research subject.The purpose is to enhance the shear strength of sandy soils. In this article, the selected biopolymer is cationic-modified starch. It is expected that cationic starch will have less water absorption properties since modified starch has cationic groups in place of the OH- groups found in the normal starch. This cationic-modified starch namely Amylofax. Five types of samples are created for this testing, including Sample A is prepared with the composition of  (silica sand + 2% Amylofax T1100 (w/w) + 20% water (w/w))., Sample B consists of (silica sand + 2% Amylofax T2200 (w/w) + 20% water (w/w))., Sample C is comprised of (silica sand + 2% Amylofax T1100 (w/w) + 2% Glucomannan (w/w) + 20% water (w/w)), Sample D consists of (silica sand + 2% Amylofax T2200 (w/w) + 2% Glucomannan (w/w) + 20% water (w/w)), and Sample E includes (Ottawa sand + 2% cement (w/w) + 20% water (w/w)). The samples were tested using a direct shear test apparatus to determine the soil shear strength parameters (c) cohesion and (Ø) internal friction angle. After conducting the tests on the sand samples with the addition of modified starch biopolymer (cationic starch), it was found that the cohesion value was 961kPa, and the internal friction angle was 63°. These results indicate higher shear strength values compared to sand mixed with natural starch.
Sintesis katalis asam heterogen berbasis polivinil alkohol (PVA) dan pemanfaatannya dalam produksi metil ester asam lemak Hartono, Ryan; Muljana, Henky; Sugih, Asaf Kleopas; Oemar, Usman; Atin, Jessica; Ahimsa, Gadmon
Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 17, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Departemen Teknik Kimia Fakultas Teknik Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jrekpros.84514

Abstract

Sulfonated polyvinyl alcohol is a potential heterogeneous acid catalyst for fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) production. The catalyst (PVA/SSA) was synthesized via an esterification reaction between polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and sulfosuccinic acid (SSA). This research aimed to study the effect of several process variables, such as the molecular weight (MW) of PVA, washing step with methanol, annealing conditions (time, temperature, and annealing pressure), and drying temperature on the performance of the PVA/SSA catalyst in methanol and free fatty acid (FFA) esterification. The sulfonated PVA catalyst was successfully synthesized, as indicated by the presence of the sulfonate group (SO3) at an absorption band of 1267 cm-1 and the carbonyl group (C=O) at an absorption band of 1628 cm-1 in the FT-IR spectra. The resulting PVA/SSA catalyst shows a good performance, where maximum conversion of the fatty acid esterification reaction can reach 81.9%. In addition, the catalyst can be used for at least four repetitions with a decrease in FAME conversion from the first to the second stage of 28.2% and has relatively stable performance in the second and subsequent reactions (conversion range 49, 1% - 58.8%). The resulting catalyst also has good thermal stability with a first-stage degradation range of 200oC to 290oC, allowing it to be applied in a temperature range suitable to the FAME manufacturing industries requirement.
Sintesis polivinil alkohol tersulfonasi sebagai katalis dalam produksi metil ester: Review Irawan, Maria Gracella; Sugih, Asaf Kleopas; Oemar, Usman; Atin, Jessica; Muljana, Henky
Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 16 No 1 (2022): Volume 16, Number 1, 2022
Publisher : Jurnal Rekayasa Proses

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jrekpros.70698

Abstract

Sulfonated polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) can be used as a heterogeneous catalyst in esterification or transesterification reactions during methyl ester production. This catalyst with PVA support has the potential to be used commercially like Amberlyst 46. However, there are several drawbacks in the conventional methods to produce sulfonated PVA compared to Amberlyst 46. In this paper, various processes of sulfonated PVA synthesis will be discussed including the advantages and disadvantages compared to Amberlyst 46. The synthesis of sulfonated PVA catalysts can be carried out using sulfosuccinate acid reagents or other acid reagents that have sulfonic groups that act as the active sites of the catalysts. The use of sulfosuccinate acid as the reagent produces catalysts with better catalytic activity, but the resulting product is not in granule form like Amberlyst 46 and can only be used continuously for seven times. The use of chlorosulfonic acid as the reagent resulted in granular catalysts. However, the catalyst has less catalytic activity and stability, and the reagent has a relatively high environmental impact. For the synthesis performed using sulfuric acid as the reagent, no result regarding catalytic activity has been reported elsewhere. The blending of the catalyst with other polymers resulted in improvements in the thermal stability and mechanical strength of the sulfonated polyvinyl alcohol. After a careful review of the procedures, we propose blending or double cross-linking processes combined with sulfonated PVA synthesis as a promising method to increase the thermal stability and mechanical strength of the catalysts. However, it is necessary to perform further laboratory validations on the catalytic activity of the catalysts produced from the combined method because blending may reduce the acid capacity of the catalyst.
Sintesis katalis asam heterogen berbasis polivinil alkohol (PVA) dan pemanfaatannya dalam produksi metil ester asam lemak Hartono, Ryan; Reinaldo, Nicholas; Muljana, Henky; Sugih, Asaf Kleopas; Oemar, Usman; Atin, Jessica; Ahimsa, Gadmon
Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 17 No 2 (2023): Volume 17, Number 2, 2023
Publisher : Jurnal Rekayasa Proses

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jrekpros.84514

Abstract

Polivinil alkohol tersulfonasi merupakan katalis asam heterogen yang potensial untuk produksi metil ester asam lemak (FAME). Katalis (PVA/SSA) disintesis melalui reaksi esterifikasi antara polivinil alkohol (PVA) dan asam sulfosuksinat (SSA). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh beberapa variabel proses seperti berat molekul (MW) PVA, tahap pencucian dengan metanol, kondisi annealing (waktu, suhu, dan tekanan annealing), dan suhu pengeringan terhadap kinerja PVA/ Katalis SSA dalam esterifikasi metanol dan asam lemak bebas (FFA). Katalis PVA tersulfonasi berhasil disintesis, ditandai dengan adanya gugus sulfonat (SO3) pada pita serapan 1267 cm-1 dan gugus karbonil (C=O) pada pita serapan 1628 cm-1 pada FT. -Spektrum IR. Katalis PVA/SSA yang dihasilkan menunjukkan kinerja yang baik, dimana konversi maksimum reaksi esterifikasi asam lemak dapat mencapai 81,9%. Selain itu, katalis dapat digunakan minimal empat kali pengulangan dengan penurunan konversi FAME dari tahap pertama ke tahap kedua sebesar 28,2% dan memiliki kinerja yang relatif stabil pada reaksi kedua dan selanjutnya (kisaran konversi 49,1% - 58,8% ). Katalis yang dihasilkan juga memiliki stabilitas termal yang baik dengan kisaran degradasi tahap pertama 200oC hingga 290oC, sehingga memungkinkan untuk diterapkan pada kisaran suhu yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan industri manufaktur FAME.
SYNTHESIS OF ACTIVATED CARBONS ORIGINATED FROM ORANGE PEEL BY SUBCRITICAL CO2 ACTIVATION METHOD Arenst Andreas Arie; Emerentina Maerilla Puspaningrum; Henky Muljana
ALCHEMY Jurnal Penelitian Kimia Vol 12, No 1 (2016): March
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SEBELAS MARET (UNS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/alchemy.12.1.944.61-69

Abstract

Low-cost and environmental friendly activated carbons were synthesized from orange peel waste by carbonization followed by activation process using supercritical carbon dioxide. The carbonization process of orange peel waste was conducted in the electrical furnace at temperature of 800 °C for 2 h. Activation process of the impregnated orange peel was carried out in the tubular furnace for 1 h at activation temperature of 140 °C and pressure variation of 80, 125 and 170 bar. Activated carbon with highest surface area of 262.173 m2/g was obtained by co2 pressure of 125 bar. The activated carbons were then utilized as adsorbents for removal of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution. The batch adsorption study was carried out by varying the initial concentration of mb solution (2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 ppm). Experimental results showed that the adsorption kinetic of mb fitted the pseudo-second-order rate equation, where as for the adsorption isotherm model followed two models i.e. The dubinin- radushkevich and freundlich model. The adsorption mechanism was found to be governed by the intraparticle and surface diffusion mechanism.
STUDI AWAL SINTESIS PRODUK PATI TAPIOKA YANG MENGEMBANG DALAM AIR DINGIN (GRANULAR COLD WATER SWELLING STARCH): PENGARUH KOMPOSISI ETHANOL DAN KONSENTRASI AWAL PATI Asaf Kleopas Sugih; Dea Agata; Hans Kristianto; Henky Muljana
Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol. 21 No. 02 (2026): JURNAL TEKNIK KIMIA
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jawa Timur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33005/jurnaltekkim.v21i02.98

Abstract

Abstrak. Pati tapioka merupakan komoditas industri berbasis pertanian penting di Indonesia yang juga adalah pati dengan volume produksi terbesar kedua secara global. Produk pati granular yang mengembang dalam air dingin atau Granular Cold Water Swelling (GCWS) starch merupakan produk pati termodifikasi secara fisik yang membentuk suspensi atau gel dalam air dingin. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan studi awal untuk mempelajari karakteristik fungsional produk GCWS yang disintesis dari pati tapioka lokal Bogor. Proses modifikasi dilakukan menggunakan Perlakuan Alkohol-Alkali (PAA) dengan media pensuspensi 40-60 %-b/b ethanol dalam air, konsentrasi awal pati sebesar 10-20 %-b/b, dan NaOH 3 M sebagai reagen alkali. Kelarutan dalam Air (KAD) dan Daya Kembang dalam Air Dingin (DKAD) pati tapioka GCWS hasil modifikasi meningkat hingga mencapai 45,07 %-b/b dan 10,27 g/g dibandingkan pati tapioka alami (5,26 %-b/b dan 2,64 g/ g). Perlakuan PAA juga memperbaiki secara signifikan kejernihan pasta dan kestabilan beku-cair gel pati tapioka. Penggunaan komposisi ethanol dan konsentrasi pati awal yang lebih rendah akan menghasilkan produk dengan KAD, DKAD, kejernihan pasta, dan kestabilan beku-cair yang lebih baik. Pati tapioka GCWS memiliki potensi untuk dimanfaatkan sebagai aditif pada produk pangan yang sensitif terhadap temperatur (seperti rempah dan nutraceuticals) serta pada produk dessert, saus, dan makanan instan. Kata kunci: tapioka, singkong, daya kembang, GCWS, pati termodifikasi Abstract. Tapioca starch is an important agricultural-based industrial commodity in Indonesia, and is the second most produced starch globally. Granular Cold Water Swelling (GCWS) starch product is a physically modified starch capable to form suspension and gel in cold water. In this research, a preliminary study on the functional characteristics of GWCS products synthesized from local Bogor tapioca starch was performed. The starch was modified using Alcoholic-Alkali Treatment (AAT) with 40-60 %-w/w ethanol in water as suspending medium, starch initial concentration of 10-20 %-w/w, and 3 M NaOH as alkali reagent. Solubility in Cold Water (SCW) and Swelling Power in Cold Water (SPCW) of GCWS starch tapioca products (until 45.07 %-b/b and 10.27 g/g, respectively) are significantly higher compared to native tapioca starch (5.25 %-w/w and 2.64 g/g). AAT method also improves paste clarity and freeze-thaw stability of the tapioca starch. The use of lower ethanol composition and initial water concentration resulted in products with higher SCW, SPCW, paste clarity, and freeze-thaw stability. GCWS tapioca starch products have the potentiality to be applied as additives for temperature-sensitive food products (such as spices and nutraceuticals), desserts, sauces, and instant foods. Keywords: tapioca, cassava, swelling power, GCWS, modified starch
Co-Authors Ahimsa, Gadmon Andra Ardiana Ardiana, Andra Arenst Andreas Asaf Kleopas Sugih Aswin Lim Atin, Jessica Budijanto Widjaja Dea Agata Emerentina Maerilla Puspaningrum Gischa Widhi Hartono, Ryan Illona Nathania Irawan, Maria Gracella Jessica Atin Kristianto, Hans Lesty Meilianasari Maria Gracella Irawan Oemar, Usman Putra, Heriansyah Reinaldo, Nicholas Tony Handoko Usman Oemar