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All Journal BERKALA FISIKA Turbo : Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin Jurnal Material dan Energi Indonesia Jurnal Ilmu dan Inovasi Fisika
Otong Nurhilal
Departemen Fisika FMIPA Universitas Padjadjaran Jalan Raya Bandung - Sumedang Km. 21 Jatinangor Kode Pos 45363 , telepon : 022-7796014. Hp. +62 82128152293
Computer Science & IT Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Environmental Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering Physics

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PREDIKSI PENURUNAN KUALITAS UAP PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA GEOTERMAL DIHUBUNGKAN DENGAN STRATEGI PEMELIHARAAN DIMASA YANG AKAN DATANG Mulyana, Cukup; Nurhilal, Otong; H Saad, Aswad; Taufik, Ahmad
BERKALA FISIKA 2014: Berkala Fisika Vol. 17 No. 2 Tahun 2014
Publisher : BERKALA FISIKA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (285.088 KB)

Abstract

In Geothermal power plant steam quality plays a very important role because it is associated with enthalpy and affects the reliability of the turbine. Studies have been carried out on the trend of a decrease in pressure, temperature and flow that comes out of a wellhead for 25 years. In addition the study also conducted in steam pressure drop duriing transmission process in the pipeline from the wellhead to the turbine due to friction factor , elevation , and junctions. Existing wellhead temperature is 202OC – 243OC, pressure of 8.2 kg/cm2 – 12.7kg/cm2. Operating parameters of the turbine are minimum pressure of 6.5 kg/cm2 and superheat temperature of 169oC. By looking at the trend of decrease in pressure and temperature, in the next few years is concerned to be achieved under the limit pressure. Concerning the decrease of enthalpy, give impact to decreasing of KWh. Therefore it should be anticipated from the beginning so it is not threat the continuity of the operation of geothermal power. From the study enthalpy did not decrease significantly in other hand the pressure drop significantly at the wellhead. The steam quality is still in good because the steam is superheated condition. The problem that needs to be addressed is the pressure drop from the wellhead to the turbine at 16.1 %. It is recommended to replace the T junction into a Y junction in order to minimize the pressure drop in the pipeline transmission. Keywords : steam quality, pressure, temperature, wellhead
Comparing the Effect of Using DC Fans and Heatsinks As Cooling Systems on Photovoltaic Efficiency Hakim, Muhammad Fuad Abdul; Putra, Mohammad Alexin; Nurhilal, Otong
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 12, No 2 (2023): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v12i2.2947

Abstract

One of the utilizations of solar energy is to be converted into electricity using photovoltaics (PV). The most important performance parameter of PV is efficiency. The efficiency will decrease as the PV temperature increases. Therefore, a cooling system is needed to increase PV efficiency. The objective of the research is to determine and compare the effect of DC fan and heatsink as a cooling system on PV efficiency. Four PV units with a capacity of 30 WP are used. The experiment is conducted as follows, the first PV is equipped with DC fan cooling, the second PV with heatsink cooling, the third PV with a combination of DC fan and heatsink cooling, and the fourth PV is without cooling as a reference. The result shows, that the combination of DC fan and heatsink cooling system provides the highest efficiency improvement, namely 32.08%, followed by DC fan cooling, namely 16.04%. As for heatsink cooling, there is no improvement in efficiency. The combination of DC fan and heatsink cooling system can dissipate heat from the PV more effectively than DC fan cooling system, so the PV temperature is lower and produces higher output power and efficiency. The heatsink cooling system is not effective in dissipating heat because of limited natural airflow due to the low PV stand which is only 30 cm from the ground.
KONVERSI ENERGI BRIKET SAMPAH DAUN DAN RANTING POHON MENUJU ECO-CAMPUS Nurhilal, Otong; Sugandi, Wahyu Kristian
Jurnal Material dan Energi Indonesia Vol 14, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/jme.v14i2.60653

Abstract

Eco-campus (green campus) adalah program untuk menciptakan kondisi kampus yang ramah lingkungan melalui penghijauan di berbagai sudut kampus. Salah satu aktivitas program kampus hijau adalah memperbanyak penanaman pepohonan sehingga menciptakan kondisi yang sejuk, oksigen bersih yang melimpah dan keindahan. Namun, keberadaan pohon-pohon yang banyak akan menghasilkan sampah daun-daun dan ranting-ranting pohon yang sudah kering. Salah satu solusi yang dapat dilakukan adalah mengelola sampah tersebut dengan mengolah sampah organik menjadi produk baru yang berguna seperti eko-briket/biobriket. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah konversi limbah organik menjadi energi alternatif berupa briket. Proses utama pada pembuatan briket adalah torefaksi, kompresi briket dan pengujian proksimat serta laju pembakaran. Torefaksi dilakukan pada variasi suhu 200oC, 300oC, and 400oC selama 30, 60, 90, 120 menit. Briket dibuat dengan menggunakan variasi ukuran partikel 20 mesh, 40 mesh, 60 mesh dan variasi tekanan . Hasil pengujian proksimat arang menunjukkan kadar abu, kadar air, zat volatil dan karbon terikat SNI 01-6235-2000. Hasil pengujian nilai kalor tertinggi sebesar 5650 kal/g pada suhu 400oC dengan waktu 90 menit. Hasil pengujian laju pembakaran briket diperoleh dengan ukuran partikel arang  60 mesh dengan tekanan   menghasilkan briket dengan kerapatan tertinggi yaitu 0,88 ,  laju pembakaran  sebesar 0,71 g/menit dan waktu pembakaran selama  88,07 menit.
Effect of Thermoelectrics as a Cooling System on Photovoltaic Efficiency and Economic Analysis Abdul Hakim, Muhammad Fuad; Nurhilal, Otong
JIIF (Jurnal Ilmu dan Inovasi Fisika) Vol 9, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/jiif.v9i1.60647

Abstract

Photovoltaics (PV) are one way to utilize sunlight as a renewable energy source. However, currently commercially available PV is only capable of converting around 15% of sunlight into electrical energy, while the rest is converted into heat which can increase the temperature of the PV itself. On the other hand, increasing PV temperature results in a decrease in the output power produced and ultimately reduces efficiency. Therefore, efforts are needed to reduce the PV temperature in order to increase efficiency, namely by adding a cooling system to the PV. One PV cooling system that tends to be new is the thermoelectric cooler (TEC). However, the use of TEC will increase the cost of TEC components and electrical power. This research aims to determine the effect of using TEC as a cooling system on PV efficiency and its economic analysis. Two PV units are used, with a TEC cooling system and without a cooling system which is used as a reference. Experiments were carried out outdoors in direct sunlight. The results showed that the use of TEC as a cooling system was able to increase PV efficiency by 6.45%. Meanwhile, from an economic analysis using levelized cost of energy (LCOE), it was found that, although it can increase PV efficiency, the use of TEC as a cooling system has an LCOE of Rp. 15,871/kWh, meaning that using TEC is more expensive than LCOE without a cooling system, namely only Rp. 5,350/kWh.
Synthesis of Paraffin-Based Phase Change Material (PCM) Composites with Expanded Graphite as a Cooling System for Solar Panels Azka, Muhamad Fauzan; Hidayat, Sahrul; Gultom, Noto Susanto; Setianto, Setianto; Nurhilal, Otong
JIIF (Jurnal Ilmu dan Inovasi Fisika) Vol 10, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/jiif.v10i1.68644

Abstract

The increase in the surface temperature of solar panels can reduce their efficiency. This issue can be mitigated through the implementation of cooling systems. One of the currently developed cooling methods involves the use of phase change materials (PCMs). Paraffin is the most commonly used PCM for solar panel cooling systems due to its melting point, which falls within the operating temperature range of solar panels. However, paraffin has a drawback in the form of low thermal conductivity. To overcome this limitation, paraffin is often composited with materials possessing high thermal conductivity, such as graphite. Graphite can also be expanded to alter its mechanical and thermal properties. The expansion of graphite using a solution of H₂SO₄ and K₂S₂O₈ can increase its surface area to 15.669 m²/g and 201.945 m²/g for 5% and 10% solid–liquid variation ratios, respectively. The addition of expanded graphite (EG) can also enhance the thermal conductivity of the PCM to 0.31 W/mK, 0.37 W/mK, and 0.44 W/mK with 5 wt%, 10 wt%, and 15 wt% EG additions, respectively. The paraffin-based PCM cooling system can reduce the average surface temperature by 15.36% and increase the overall efficiency by 0.3%. A PCM cooling system composed of paraffin and expanded graphite (95%/5%) can lower the average surface temperature by 20.32% and increase total efficiency by 0.4%. The PCM system with a 90%/10% paraffin-EG composition can reduce the surface temperature by 32.44% and enhance total efficiency by 1.2%. Meanwhile, the 85%/15% paraffin-EG cooling system achieves a temperature reduction of 32.52% and a total efficiency improvement of 1.27% compared to the system without cooling.
Article Review: Organic Solar Cell Gultom, Noto Susanto; Azka, Muhamad Fauzan; Khoir, Irfansyah; Hashifa, Chisa; Nurasiah, Nurasiah; Iskandar, Johan; Nurhilal, Otong
JIIF (Jurnal Ilmu dan Inovasi Fisika) Vol 9, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/jiif.v9i2.65954

Abstract

One of the emerging technologies that has gained attention as an alternative for meeting renewable energy demands is the Organic Solar Cell (OSC). OSC is a type of photovoltaic device that utilizes organic electronic materials. The fundamental operating principle of OSC is based on the Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital (HOMO) and the Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital (LUMO), with organic compounds serving as the active materials, enabling the conversion of light energy into electricity. Research on OSC has continuously evolved over the years to achieve optimal performance. The substrate/transport layer, which serves as the foundation for the organic active layer in OSC, can be categorized into several types, including ITO-based OSC, conducting polymer-based OSC, silver nanowire-based OSC, metal-based OSC, and graphene-based OSC. Organic solar cells offer several promising prospects, such as relatively low production costs, as well as flexible and transparent design features. However, OSCs also face several challenges, including relatively low efficiency and environmental stability concerns. Addressing these challenges is crucial to unlocking the full potential of OSC technology. This article first provides a general overview of OSC advancements, followed by a summary and analysis of its working principles, performance parameters, and structural components. Finally, we explore recent breakthroughs in OSC development in detail.
ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE, EQUIVALENCE RATIO (ER) AND GASIFYING AGENT AGAINST COLD GAS EFFICIENCY (CGE) AND TAR: SISTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW RAHMAH, DEWI ANISA; NURHILAL, OTONG
Jurnal Material dan Energi Indonesia Vol 15, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/jme.v15i2.69127

Abstract

The global energy transition to renewable sources places biomass and gasification technologies as crucial solutions for producing syngas. The Systematic Literature Review (SLR) analyzed the influence of operational parameters, namely Temperature, Equivalent Ratio (ER) and Gasification Agent on Cold Gas Efficiency (CGE) and Tar in biomass gasification. Based on the PRISMA methodology and the analysis of 30 selected articles, it was found that temperature has a non-linear and critical relationship. CGE reaches a peak of 75% in the range of 750°C to 800°C, while tar reduction occurs above 800°C through a thermal cracking mechanism. The optimal ER value was identified at 0.37 which resulted in a maximum concentration of flammable gases of H2 and CO with minimal tar. In addition, gasification agents such as flue gas show better quality syngas than air. By design, the downdraft type reactor proved to be superior with a much lower tar concentration of 0.05-0.45 g/Nm3 compared to the updraft type of 10.9 g/Nm3. The SLR results underscore the importance of multivariable parameter optimization for efficient and reliable gasification performance.
Co-Authors Abdul Hakim, Muhammad Fuad AFANDI, KOMALA A Affandi, Komala Affiyanti Ahmad Taufik Aswad H Saad Aswad Hi Saad Azka, Muhamad Fauzan Cukup Mulyana Hakim, Muhammad Fuad Abdul Hashifa, Chisa JAJAT YUDA MINDARA, JAJAT Johan Iskandar Khoir, Irfansyah Noto Susanto Gultom Nurasiah Nurasiah Putra, Mohammad Alexin Rahmah, Dewi Anisa Sahrul Hidayat Setianto Setianto, Setianto Sri Suryaningsih Suhanda, Anda WAHYU ALAMSYAH, WAHYU Wahyu Kristian Sugandi