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Category of Unlawful Acts That Are Not Corruption Crimes for the Sake of Achieving Legal Certainty Regi Julian; Rr. Dijan Widijowati; Kristiawanto
International Journal of Science and Society Vol 5 No 2 (2023): International Journal of Science and Society (IJSOC)
Publisher : GoAcademica Research & Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54783/ijsoc.v5i2.669

Abstract

Act of corruption, an act that already exists at an alarming level in Indonesia. The element against the law in corruption cases is essential and determines the existence of a criminal act of corruption that must be accounted for, both positional responsibility and personal responsibility. The consequences of personal responsibility are related to criminal responsibility. This research will be carried out to see how the form of unlawful acts does not meet the elements of corruption and how the concept of legal certainty for unlawful acts does not meet the elements of corruption. This research will be carried out using normative juridical research. This research will then be carried out using the Statute Approach and Case Approach. The results of this study then found at least seven types of formulations in criminal acts of corruption in Law No. 31 of 1999 in conjunction with Law No. 20 of 2001. Suppose an act is considered to have violated the law and can be subject to criminal sanctions. In that case, two elements must be fulfilled: the actus reus (physical element) and mens rea (mental element) elements. The element of actus reus is the essence of the crime itself or the act committed, while the element of mens rea is the inner attitude of the perpetrator at the time of committing the act.
Legal Protection of Cryptocurrency Users Against Cybercrime Attacks Adi Darmawansyah; Djunaedi Djunaedi; Kristiawanto Kristiawanto
Journal of Social Research Vol. 2 No. 7 (2023): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v2i7.1256

Abstract

The medium of exchange can be any object that can be accepted by everyone in society in the process of exchanging goods and services. Long before knowing money, humans had made transactions using barter practices, that is, the exchange of goods and/or services for the desired goods and/or services. In the preparation of this research, a normative juridical approach where approach is carried out based on the main legal material by examining theories, concepts, legal principles, and laws and regulations related to this research. Cryptocurrency assets don't just impact people who mine or trade crypto. It turns out that anonymous platforms that run crypto are also increasingly associated with cybercrime. A recent study from Interisle Consulting Group revealed that phishing attempts related to cryptocurrencies grew 257 percent compared to last year (compared to a 61 percent increase in phishing attacks overall), especially for attacks on wallets and exchanges. The rapid development of information and communication technology makes the journey of the development of crime in the virtual and digital world (cybercrime) sophisticated and complex.
Tanggung Jawab Pidana dan Uang Pengganti dalam Kasus Pencucian Uang Korupsi di Indonesia Januar Rasito; Kristiawanto Kristiawanto; Mohamad Ismed
Jurnal Penelitian Hukum Legalitas Vol 17, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Jayabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31479/jphl.v17i1.264

Abstract

This research discusses evidence in corruption money laundering cases in Indonesia, focusing on the use of reverse burden of proof. This burden of proof is applied primarily to the assets of the defendant in corruption cases. However, the use of this reverse burden of proof still raises uncertainties in its implementation, especially in identifying assets that are not defendants, and can have an impact on the ownership rights of the defendant's assets. This research uses a normative juridical method with interpretative analysis to investigate the complexity of the evidentiary mechanism. The results show that the defendant must prove that his/her assets are not the proceeds of a criminal offense to retain the right to the assets, otherwise, the assets will be confiscated by the state. Therefore, further clarification is needed in the relevant laws to improve clarity and fairness in the application of the reverse burden of proof in corruption and money laundering cases.
The Study of Implementation Effectiveness in the Various Criminal Law Policies During the Covid-19 Pandemic Joko Sri Widodo; Kristiawanto Kristiawanto; Tofik Yanuar Chandra
Kanun Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Vol 23, No 3 (2021): Vol. 23, No. 3, December 2021
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/kanun.v23i3.21912

Abstract

There are various pros and cons to the criminal law policies by the Indonesian government in the context of dealing with covid 19. So it is necessary to have a study related to the effectiveness of implementing these various policies. The author's background is to discuss the formulation of the problem in this article: What is the criminal law policy during the covid 19 pandemic? And how is the effectiveness in the implementation of these policies? This article uses a normative juridical research method that examines various positive laws from the applicable laws and regulations, and then it is analyzed in analytical descriptive. The Indonesian government has established various policies to prevent the covid 19 transmission. The guidelines consist of: the formation of various legal regulations related to the covid pandemic; a policy of criminal sanctions for violators of social policies during the covid 19 pandemic; prisoner assimilation policy; electronic trial of criminal cases during the covid 19 pandemic; corruption prevention policies; policies on workplaces in public areas. Regarding the effectiveness of implementing these policies, it can be said that the execution tends to be less optimal because the policies are contrary to one another. So this article provides suggestions to the government and the community should have mutual support for the implementation of criminal law policies during the COVID-19 pandemic can be effective.
Rekonstruksi Penegakan Hukum Tindak Pidana Siber di Indonesia Adji Saputra; Kristiawanto Kristiawanto; Mohamad Ismed
SEIKAT: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial, Politik dan Hukum Vol. 3 No. 1 (2024): SEIKAT: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial, Politik dan Hukum, Februari 2024
Publisher : LPPM Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi 45 Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55681/seikat.v3i1.1186

Abstract

Ancaman kejahatan siber di era transformasi digital menjadi fokus utama masyarakat, terus berkembang seiring kemudahan dan tantangan yang dibawa oleh transformasi tersebut. Kejahatan siber menggunakan teknologi digital, merugikan materiil dan non-materiil bagi individu, organisasi, dan negara. Metode yang digunakan adalah Yuridis normatif dengan menggunakan sumber bahan hukum primer, sekunder dan tersier. Teknik pengumpulan materi perundang-undangan dan konseptual analitis serta hukum yang dilakukan dengan mengidentifikasi dan menginventarisasi kaidah-kaidah hukum yang positif, meneliti bahan pustaka dan sumber bahan hukum lainnya yang relevan dengan permasalahan hukum yang diteliti. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa Pelaku kejahatan siber di era transformasi digital di Indonesia menimbulkan ancaman serius, terutama dalam bidang ekonomi. Keberlanjutan kemajuan teknologi digital membawa dampak merugikan yang signifikan, mencakup kerugian keuangan, gangguan sosial, dan bahkan ancaman terhadap stabilitas keamanan nasional. Penegakan hukum terhadap kejahatan siber memerlukan perhatian dan kewaspadaan nasional, dengan fokus pada peningkatan keamanan teknologi informasi, literasi keamanan siber, pembentukan regulasi efektif, serta kerjasama antara pemerintah, otoritas keamanan, dan masyarakat. Langkah-langkah tersebut menjadi kunci dalam mengantisipasi dan mencegah dampak yang lebih buruk akibat kejahatan siber di bidang ekonomi.
Proving Motive In Premeditated Murder Cases Aturkian Laia; Muhammad Mustofa; Kristiawanto Kristiawanto
Asian Journal of Social and Humanities Vol. 3 No. 4 (2025): Asian Journal of Social and Humanities
Publisher : Pelopor Publikasi Akademika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59888/ajosh.v3i4.474

Abstract

The proof of motive in the crime of premeditated murder plays a crucial role but faces significant challenges due to the absence of a clearly defined motive within Article 340 of the Indonesian Criminal Code, leading to varying interpretations and inconsistent applications of the law. Some judges consider motive as a basis for sentencing, while others do not, resulting in legal uncertainty and concerns over fairness and uniformity in judicial decisions. This research aims to analyze the position of motive proof within the crime of premeditated murder and propose an ideal concept for its future application. Using a normative legal research method with statutory, conceptual, and case study approaches, the findings reveal that the absence of a clear directive regarding motive causes inconsistent judicial practices and undermines legal certainty. The study highlights the need to explicitly incorporate motive as an essential element of proof in Article 340 to enhance fairness and consistency in judicial decisions. It concludes that integrating motive into the legal framework of premeditated murder is critical to ensuring clarity for judicial interpretation, upholding justice, and strengthening the reliability of the legal system.
Reconstruction of Minor Criminal Case Settlement By The Prosecutor's Office Through Restorative Justice Teuku Syahroni; Fauzie Yusuf Hasibuan; Kristiawanto Kristiawanto
Asian Journal of Social and Humanities Vol. 3 No. 6 (2025): Asian Journal of Social and Humanities
Publisher : Pelopor Publikasi Akademika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59888/ajosh.v3i6.531

Abstract

This study analyzes the implementation of restorative justice in handling minor crimes by the Prosecutor's Office and offers a policy reconstruction to enhance its effectiveness and achieve substantive justice within the criminal law system. Employing a normative juridical method, the research utilizes legislative, case, historical, comparative, and conceptual approaches. The analysis draws on theories of justice by John Rawls, Lawrence M. Friedman’s theory of the legal system, and Howard J. Zehr’s theory of restorative justice. The findings reveal that restorative justice is not yet optimally implemented due to disparities in regional policy execution, weak legal infrastructure, and a prevailing retributive mindset among officials and the public. As a solution, the study recommends the mandatory implementation of restorative justice for minor crimes meeting specific criteria, clarifying application standards, enhancing law enforcement training, establishing more restorative justice centers, and strengthening supervision and evaluation mechanisms. The novelty of this research lies in identifying multidimensional barriers, integrating a comprehensive theoretical framework, and proposing a more systematic policy reconstruction. With improved implementation, restorative justice can become a primary tool in resolving minor offenses, reducing overcrowding in correctional facilities, and fostering a more equitable, recovery-focused legal system.