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Judicial Impeachment Mechanism in the republic of Indonesia dan The United States of America: A Constitutional Law Comparison Pangadaran, Satrya; Parluhutan, Dian
LAW REVIEW Vol 11, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Pelita Harapan University

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Republik Indonesia (RI) dan Amerika Serikat (AS), keduanya memiliki mekanisme impeachment dalam konstitusinya. Walau demikian, secara komparasi hukum di dalam mekanisme impeachment Indonesia dan Amerika terdapat sejumlah perbedaan. Perbedaan-perbedaan tersebut dilatarbelakangi, antara lain oleh iklim demokrasi serta pengalaman demokrasi di masing-masing negara tersebut. Di Indonesia, proses impeachment pertamakali dilakukan pada masa pemerintahan Presiden Sukarno dimana mekanisme impeachment ketika itu belum diatur secara eksplisit dalam Konstitusi Republik Indonesia, Undang-Undang Dasar 1945 (UUD 1945). Setelah dilakukan amandemen ketiga terhadap UUD 1945, barulah mekanisme impeachment diatur secara tegas dalam UUD 1945. Berdasarkan ketentuan UUD 1945 amandemen ketiga, Mahkamah Konstitusi Republik Indonesia (MKRI) memiliki wewenang yudisial untuk memberikan putusan terhadap pendapat Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat (DPR) perihal dugaan pelanggaran oleh Presiden dan/atau Wakil Presiden sebagai pejabat Negara. Sedangkan di Amerika Serikat, proses impeachment telah beberapa kali dilaksanakan, salah satunya proses impeachment terhadap Presiden Bill Clinton pada 19 Desember 1998, dimana Presiden Clinton merupakan presiden terakhir yang terkena proses impeachment sampai saat ini. Namun demikian, dalam perkembangannya Presiden Clinton masih menjalankan jabatannya sebagai Presiden AS. Dalam hal ini, proses impeachment tidak harus berakhir pada berakhirnya masa jabatan seorang Presiden.

PENYULUHAN HUKUM TENTANG HUMAN TRAFFICKING DAN KEKERASAN DALAM RUMAH TANGGA PADA MASYARAKAT SUMBA Rizky P.P. Karo Karo; Dian Parluhutan; Velliana Tanaya
SABDAMAS Vol 1 No 1 (2019): SABDAMAS
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Unika Atma Jaya

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Latar belakang pengabdian kepada masyarakat (PkM) ini adalah sebagai pelaksanaan surat No. 74/V.7h/STT-GKS/IV/2019 tertanggal 2 April 2019 tentang Tindak Lanjut MoU UPH dan Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Gereja Kristen Sumba (STT GKS). Human Trafficking (HT) dan Kekerasan dalam Rumah Tangga (KDRT) di Sumba sudah sangat meresahkan dan menimbulkan banyak korban. Tujuan PkM ini ialah untuk memberikan penyuluhan hukum dan pendampingan hukum kepada masyarakat Sumba pada umumnya dan mahasasiswa/mahasiswi serta dosen di Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Gereja Kristen Sumba (STT GKS) Lewa khususnya tentang pencegahan HT, KDRT dan upaya, serta partisipasi masyarakat dalam penegakan hukum HT dan KDRT. Metode kegiatan ini adalah penyuluhan dan pendampingan hukum serta pendekatan keragaman manusia (a human diversity). Hasil kegiatan ialah telah terlaksana penyuluhan hukum, pendampingan hukum, sosialisasi, dan edukasi tentang upaya preventif, upaya represif, dan upaya pemulihan kondisi korban. Simpulan kegiatan ialah upaya preventif, upaya represif, dan upaya pemulihan kondisi korban sangat penting untuk dilaksanakan. Upaya preventif penting dilakukan guna mencegah HT dan KDRT. Upaya represif penting dilakukan untuk memberi efek jera bagi pelaku. Upaya pemulihan penting dilakukan agar korban dapat melangsungkan kehidupannya kembali dan beraktivitas secara normal kembali.

Analisis Hukum Kompetisi terhadap "Big Data" dan Doktrin "Essential Facility" dalam Transaksi Merger di Indonesia Dian Parluhutan
Jurnal Persaingan Usaha Vol 1 No 1 (2021): Jurnal Persaingan Usaha
Publisher : Komisi Pengawas Persaingan Usaha

Pengaturan tentang konsultasi dan notifikasi serta penilaian (assessment) transaksi merger di Indonesia diatur dalam Pasal 28 dan Pasal 29 Undang Undang Nomor 5 tahun 1999 tentang Larangan Praktik Monopoli dan Persaingan Usaha Tidak Sehat serta Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 57 tahun 2010 tentang Penggabungan atau Peleburan Badan Usaha dan Pengambilalihan Saham Perusahaan Yang Dapat Mengakibatkan Terjadinya Praktik Monopoli dan Persaingan Usaha Tidak Sehat. Komisi Pengawas Persaingan Usaha (KPPU) sebagai Otoritas Persaingan Usaha di Indonesia, kemudian mengeluarkan Peraturan Komisi Nomor 03 tahun 2019 mengenai Pedoman Penilaian Merger dan Akuisisi Perusahaan di Indonesia. Dalam melakukan penilaian dan evaluasi terhadap transaksi merger di Indonesia, KPPU menggunakan analisis 5 faktor, sebagai berikut: 1. Konsentrasi Pasar; HHI atau CR4 Index; 2. Hambatan Masuk Pasar; 3. Potensi Perilaku Anti Persaingan; 4. Efisiensi; dan 5. Kepailitan Perusahaan. Belum lama ini telah dilakukan merger diantara dua perusahaan berbasis pasar platform digital di Indonesia, yakni Tokopedia dan Gojek, menjadi GoTo. Namun demikian hingga saat ini, KPPU belum memiliki suatu regulasi spesifik mengenai terhadap kepemilikan “Big Data” sebagai salah satu parameter kompetisi dalam pasar digital, yang diduga memiliki dampak unilateral dan terkoordinasi terhadap kompetisi di pasar relevan serta meningkatnya posisi dominan pelaku usaha di pasar digital. Sementara itu, dalam hukum kompetisi di Jerman yakni dalam the Act against Restraints of Competition (Competition Act – GWB), sudah mengatur secara eksplisit mengenai keberadaan “Big Data” dalam konteks fasilitas esensial (essential facility) dalam Sec. 18 paragraph (3a) serta Sec. 19 darithe Act against Restraints of Competition (GWB). Otoritas Kompetisi Jerman berdasarkan ketentuan tersebut telah melakukan penyelidikan mengenai Big data dan dampaknya terhadap persaingan usaha digital dalam perkara Facebook. Dinamika persaingan usaha di pasar digital, khususnya pengaturan secara elaboratif mengenai kepemilikan Big Data dalam korelasinya dengan Doktrin fasilitas esensial “Essential Facilities doctrine” menjadi suatu tantangan signifikan bagi KPPU untuk menjaga dan mengawasi keberlangsungan kompetisi yang efektif di pasar digital di Indonesia.

Peranan Strategis dari the AALCO dalam Akselerasi Kerjasama Regulasi dan Penanggulangan Permasalahan Hukum dan Ekonomi untuk Penerapan the Green Finance di Indonesia berdasarkan the UNFCCC Paris Agreement Siswanto, Carissa Amanda; Parluhutan, Dian
LITERATUS Vol 5 No 2 (2023): Jurnal Ilmiah Internasional Sosial dan Budaya
Publisher : Neolectura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37010/lit.v5i2.1439

This paper analyzes the strategic roles of the Asian African Legal Consultative Organization (AALCO) in promoting the green finance implementation in Asia and Africa, with a focus on Indonesia. The research uses normative juridical research and comparative law, employing a statute approach and conceptual approach. This paper highlights that green financing is a crucial instrument in climate change mitigation and adaptation efforts as instructed by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) Paris Agreement 2015. The AALCO has taken various steps to encourage the implementation of green financing in the Asia and Africa region, including in Indonesia, such as issuing guidelines and resolutions related to green financing, collaborating with various related parties, and organizing activities to increase public awareness of green finance to support the low carbon economy. The research concludes that the AALCO could play strategic roles in encouraging the implementation of green finance in Asia and Africa, notably in Indonesia. The AALCO's roles are expected to help countries in Asia and Africa to achieve the sustainable development goals, including the 13, 16 and 17th Goals on the UN Sustainable Development Goals

Analisis Potensi Pelanggaran Undang-Undang Persaingan Usaha Nomor 5 tahun 1999 ditinjau dari Pasal Pengecualian Keagenan dalam Industri Otomotif dan Penerapan Regulasi Block Exemption Andrias, Mone Stepanus; Parluhutan, Dian; Saragih, Guntur Syahputra
Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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The economic transformation in Indonesia and other ASEAN (Association of the South East Asian Nations) countries reflects a shift from a government-based economy to an open market system with competitive principles. The challenges faced include the rapid development of the digital economy, including Industry 4.0 which has now entered its fifth literacy. The automotive sector is one of the sectors most affected by this phenomenon. Low labour costs and high motorisation rates have attracted more car manufacturers, especially from Japan, China and Germany (Europe) to make foreign direct investments in Indonesia. Indonesia is the second largest producer and consumer of automobiles in the ASEAN region, with a market share of 25 per cent. The automotive industry employs up to 1.5 million people along the supply chain. However, despite the high potential and absorptive capacity of the automotive industry in Indonesia, the market share in this sector is dominated by only a few manufacturers with specific brands, particularly from Japan. This leads to oligopolistic market conditions that will make it difficult for new players, from other countries, to penetrate the Indonesian automotive market. Oligopolistic market conditions are caused by the pervasiveness of the practice of exclusive vertical agreements, collusive horizontal agreements and vertical integration agreements from upstream to downstream sectors or vice versa. Actually, the motive of exclusive agreement practice is to create micro-efficiency. However, this will be contradictorily confronted with macro efficiency issues, one of which is the creation of a competitive market. This issue becomes even more complex with the presence of exemption provisions, particularly in Article 50 paragraphs (a) and (e), for the enforcement of Law Number 5 Year 1999 on Business Competition related to distribution relationships, which are only attributable to agency relationships, not distribution relationships. One industry that has a very intense Principal Partnership relationship in Indonesia is the automotive industry. The nature of the partnership relationship in this business is highly dominated by the Principal so that it has the potential to conflict with the prohibitions in Business Competition Law No. 5/1999, especially in Vertical Exclusive Agreements and Vertical Integration. This study aims to analyse; First, how the potential violation of the contents of the Exclusive Vertical Agreement in the relationship between Principal and Dealer, Second, how the potential violation of the contents of Vertical Integration agreement in the relationship between Principal and Dealer; Third, how the relationship of the norm of Exclusion of Agency relationship in Article 50 with the potential violation of the prohibition of Exclusive Vertical Agreement and Vertical Integration Agreement. This research is expected to provide a reference for the Business Competition Supervisory Commission (KPPU), related Ministries, business actors and related stakeholders, in assessing potential violations of Article 15 and Article 14 of the Business Competition Law number 5/1999 in Principal and Dealer relationships in the Indonesian automotive industry. Keywords: Automotive Industry, Exclusive Vertical Agreement, Vertical Integration Agreement, Single Agent Brand Holder (ATPM), Regulation on Block Exemption

Compatibility Between the Indonesian Competition Law and Indonesia’s Climate Change Mitigation Policy Under The UNFCCC Paris Agreement 2016: Quo Vadis? Arinanto, Satya; Parluhutan, Dian; Sabela, Louise Shania
Indonesian Journal of International Law
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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To overcome the global climate change crisis, the Government of Indonesia (GoI) ratified the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) Paris Agreement on Climate Change on 22 April 2016, imposing quasi-legal obligations on contracting states to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions based on Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) until 2030. As a contracting party of the Paris Agreement, Indonesia has submitted an Enhanced Nationally Determined Contribution (ENDC), increasing its GHG emission reduction target from 31.98 percent to 43.20 percent by 2030. Pillar II of the Golden Indonesia Vision 2045, Indonesia has also reaffirmed its commitment to climate change mitigation nationally and globally to reduce GHG emissions by 34 to 41 percent from the baseline scenario by 2045. Based upon the holistic interpretation of the Indonesian Competition Law Number 5/1999 in conjunction with Article 33 paragraphs (1), (2), and (4) of the Indonesia 1945 Constitution, the Competition Authorities must undertake the sustainability mandate, including climate change mitigation actions, The Indonesian Supervisory Commission for Business Competition (KPPU) in collaboration with other Ministries, the Indonesian Supreme Court (MARI), and the House of Representatives (DPR) must, by the Indonesian Competition Law (Law Number 5/1999), integrate the climate change mitigation policy and environmental preservation endeavours both in the formulation of rules and enforcement measures. The Indonesian competition authorities can, among others, generate the ‘Block Exemptions’ as a discretionary instrument and as a provisional antitrust enforcement policy. A prudent comparative study of competition law and practices in selected jurisdictions reveals that the Indonesian competition authorities can exempt environmentally oriented or sustainability agreements or transactions from traditional prohibitions through five methods, such as the structured rule of reason approach to guarantee the principles of proportionality and accuracy. This study endeavors to provide a feasible contribution to accelerating the climate change mitigation efforts by the government and the stakeholders from the perspective of competition law and practice. In order to enable structured analysis and provide optimal results, this research employs the normative juridical method coupled with a comparative law approach over the European and German competition laws.

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