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Journal : Enigma in Cultural

Rhizomatic Resurgence: Multispecies Storytelling and Ecological Entanglement in Southeast Asian Bio-Art Jasmila Tanjung; Matilda Munoz; Sarah Armalia; Kevin Setiawan; Sudarto Sudarto
Enigma in Cultural Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): Enigma in Cultural
Publisher : Enigma Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61996/cultural.v3i1.102

Abstract

The Anthropocene epoch has catalyzed a profound shift in contemporary art, with Bio-Art emerging as a critical field for interrogating the complex relationships between humanity, technology, and the non-human world. While significant scholarship has explored Bio-Art in Western contexts, its unique manifestations within Southeast Asia remain underexamined. This study investigated the rise of a specific mode of Bio-Art in this region, characterized by rhizomatic structures, multispecies storytelling, and deep ecological entanglement, offering a vital counter-narrative to anthropocentric perspectives. This research employed a qualitative, multi-sited case study methodology. Four exemplary Bio-Art projects from Indonesia, Thailand, Philippines, and Singapore, created between 2020 and 2024, were purposively selected. A multi-modal analytical approach was utilized, combining formal visual analysis of the artworks, critical discourse analysis of artist statements and curatorial texts, and thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews with the artists and curators. The analysis was theoretically grounded in the concepts of the rhizome (and multispecies ethnography. The analysis revealed four dominant themes. First, artists consistently employed the rhizome as both method and metaphor, creating non-linear, decentralized works that mirrored ecological networks. Second, a significant pattern of weaving technoscience with traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) was identified, where advanced biotechnologies were syncretized with local cosmologies and indigenous practices. Third, the artworks actively engaged in more-than-human narration, displacing the human as the central protagonist and instead foregrounding the agency of fungi, plants, microbes, and other organisms. Finally, these projects cultivated affective ecologies, generating powerful emotional responses in viewers to foster critical engagement with pressing regional issues. In conclusion, Southeast Asian Bio-Art, as examined in this study, represents a significant "rhizomatic resurgence" that challenges and expands the global discourse on ecological art. By entangling advanced science with local heritage and centering non-human agencies, these practices foster a profound sense of ecological interdependence. This research concludes that the region's artists are pioneering unique aesthetic and ethical frameworks for navigating our shared planetary crisis, contributing vital perspectives rooted in the unique biocultural complexities of Southeast Asia.
Virtual Veneration: A Critical Inquiry into the Sacralization and Valorization of Digital Heritage in the Metaverse Ifah Shandy; Kevin Setiawan; Khalil Jibran; Caelin Damayanti
Enigma in Cultural Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): Enigma in Cultural
Publisher : Enigma Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61996/cultural.v3i2.111

Abstract

The emergence of the metaverse presents a paradigm shift for how cultural heritage is experienced and valued. While technical digitization is well-studied, the socio-cultural processes by which digital objects acquire profound, quasi-sacred meaning remain critically underexplored. This study undertakes a critical inquiry into "virtual veneration," examining the mechanisms through which digital artifacts are sacralized and valorized within metaverse environments. A sequential explanatory mixed-methods design was employed. Phase one involved a qualitative thematic analysis of three leading metaverse platforms (Decentraland, The Sandbox, VRChat) to identify key features of value creation. Phase two was a large-scale quantitative analysis of behavioral data from a diverse cohort of 10,000 users within the Virtual Artifact Interaction Model (VAIM), a controlled experimental environment. Acknowledging the philosophical limits of measuring "sacredness," we developed a composite "Index of High-Value Collective Attention" (HVCA) based on metrics of dwell time, interaction frequency, and social signal amplification to operationalize the behavioral markers of veneration. The qualitative analysis revealed three core themes: "The Architecture of Awe," "Ritualized Communitas," and "The Aura of Scarcity." The quantitative analysis demonstrated that "Community Narrative" was the most powerful predictor of an artifact's HVCA score (), far exceeding the impact of authenticity or scarcity. A significant synergistic effect was found between environmental conditions of "Exclusive Access" and "Ritualistic Interaction" (), confirming that architectural framing and social protocols work in concert. Social proof directed 65.4% of user attention, indicating that valorization is a socially contingent and path-dependent process. In conclusion, the sacralization of digital heritage is a complex socio-technical process contingent on platform design, community ritual, and perceived authenticity. However, this study concludes that these mechanisms, particularly when mediated by speculative economies, create a "networked aura" that functions as a political inversion of Walter Benjamin's original concept, re-ritualizing art for markets. The findings suggest the emergence of a "hyper-sacred"—emotionally potent but ontologically unmoored—posing profound ethical and philosophical questions for the future of cultural value.