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Identifikasi SNP genom pada populasi Elaeis guineensis x Elaeis oleifera Sri Wening; Heri Adriwan Siregar; Edy Suprianto; Dani Setyawan; Hernawan Y Rahmadi; Retno Diah Setiowati; Mohamad Arif; Yurna Yenni; Nanang Supena; Sujadi Sujadi; Abdul Razak Purba
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Vol 29 No 2 (2021): Jurnal Peneltian Kelapa Sawit
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iopri.jur.jpks.v29i2.148

Usaha pencarian marka DNA yang berhubungan dengan sifat yang diinginkan pada Elaeis oleifera guna introgresi sifat tersebut ke genome Elaeis guineensis memerlukan marka DNA yang polimorfik. Untuk menghasilkan marka DNA yang polimorfik dengan jumlah banyak, identifikasi SNP genom dilakukan melalui pengurutan kembali (resequencing) 12 individu contoh populasi hibrida E. guineensis x E. oleifera (hibrida OxG), yaitu E. oleifera tipe liar, F1 hibrida interspesifik, pseudo-backcross dan material maju E. guineensis, menggunakan next generation sequencing (NGS). Read (urutan basa yang “dibaca”/merupakan keluaran mesin NGS) dari 12 contoh memiliki mutu yang baik dan 96% total read yang disaring dapat dilakukan demultipleks dan ditentukan pada contoh yang sesuai. Setelah proses penyaringan dan pemotongan, 84% read dapat digunakan untuk pemetaan genom dan menghasilkan 5,7X hingga 10,42X cakupan genom. Dari 34.410.224 SNP yang teridentifikasi, 98,7% diantaranya adalah varian non-coding, dan berdasarkan lokasi, 69,1% total SNP adalah SNP intergenic. Sebanyak 5.618 SNP dari total SNP yang dihasilkan dibuktikan menggunakan targeted genotyping by sequencing pada 500 individu contoh. Sebanyak 74% SNP yang digunakan bermutu tinggi yang dibaca pada setidaknya 95% contoh. Principal component analysis menggunakan SNP tersebut mampu mengidentifikasi setiap latar belakang genetik contoh. Pembuktian tersebut menyimpulkan bahwa identifikasi SNP yang dilakukan melalui pengurutan kembali menghasilkan SNP bermutu tinggi yang dapat digunakan untuk pengembangan marka DNA yang dapat diperbantukan pada seleksi populasi pemuliaan E. guineensis x E. oleifera.

Peran Sumber Ortet, Nomor Daun dan Waktu Inkubasi Terhadap Hasil Kalus Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Ernayunita Ernayunita; Erwin Nazri; Retno Diah Setiowati; Hernawan Yuli Rahmadi; Yenni Yenni
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Vol 30 No 3 (2022): Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iopri.jur.jpks.v30i3.186

Callus production is an important key stage to reproduce oil palm through tissue culture in determining the number of produced clones. Callus production rate were affected by culture medium, organ, ortet genotypes and incubation time in the culture room. Leaf of four different individuals from two genotype: DS29D x LM2T dan BJ126D x LM2T were used as ortet on this study and only leaf number -4, -5, -6, -7 and -8 were used as an explant. Callus production of each ortet source was observed monthly and used as a parameter to determine the performance of each ortet. The result showed that BJ126D x LM2T as an ortet source had significantly higher callus production compared to DS29D x LM2T. Meanwhile the callus production from different leaf number were not significantly different. The first 6 months of explant incubation was the best time to produce callus

Identifikasi SNP genom pada populasi Elaeis guineensis x Elaeis oleifera Sri Wening; Heri Adriwan Siregar; Edy Suprianto; Dani Setyawan; Hernawan Y Rahmadi; Retno Diah Setiowati; Mohamad Arif; Yurna Yenni; Nanang Supena; Sujadi Sujadi; Abdul Razak Purba
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Vol 29 No 2 (2021): Jurnal Peneltian Kelapa Sawit
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iopri.jur.jpks.v29i2.148

Efforts in finding DNA markers for favorable characters of Elaeis oleifera introgressed into Elaeis guineensis genome requires polymorphic DNA markers. To generate high number of polymorphic DNA markers, a genome-wide SNP identification was done by resequencing 12 individual samples using next generation sequencing (NGS) from an E. guineensis x E. oleifera (OxG hybrid) population comprising wild E. oleifera species, interspesific F1 hybrids, pseudo-backcrosses, and advanced E. guineensis samples. The reads generated from the 12 samples have good qualities and 96% of total filtered reads could be demultiplexed and assigned to the corresponding samples. After filtering and trimming, 84% of reads were retained for genome mapping and produced 5.7X to 10.42X genome coverage. Among the 34,410,224 identified SNPs, 98.7% of them were non-coding variants, and based on their location 69.1% of the total SNPs were intergenic SNPs. There were 5,618 SNPs out of the total generated SNPs that were validated using targeted genotyping by sequencing on 500 individuals, and 74% of the SNPs produced high quality calls in at least 95% of the samples. Principal component analysis using the SNPs correctly identified each sample's genetic background. Thus, the SNPs had high quality and could be used to develop marker-assisted selection of the E. guineensis x E. oleifera breeding population.

Peran Sumber Ortet, Nomor Daun dan Waktu Inkubasi Terhadap Hasil Kalus Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Ernayunita Ernayunita; Erwin Nazri; Retno Diah Setiowati; Hernawan Yuli Rahmadi; Yurna Yenni
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Vol 30 No 3 (2022): Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iopri.jur.jpks.v30i3.186

Callus production is an important key stage to reproduce oil palm through tissue culture in determining the number of produced clones. Callus production rate were affected by culture medium, organ, ortet genotypes and incubation time in the culture room. Leaf of four different individuals from two genotype: DS29D x LM2T dan BJ126D x LM2T were used as ortet on this study and only leaf number -4, -5, -6, -7 and -8 were used as an explant. Callus production of each ortet source was observed monthly and used as a parameter to determine the performance of each ortet. The result showed that BJ126D x LM2T as an ortet source had significantly higher callus production compared to DS29D x LM2T. Meanwhile the callus production from different leaf number were not significantly different. The first 6 months of explant incubation was the best time to produce callus

Analisis Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) Gen Laccase-24 (EgLCC24) dalam Ketahanan Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) terhadap Ganoderma boninense Syarul Nugroho; Hernawan Yuli Rahmadi; Muhamad Syukur; Widodo Widodo; Willy Bayuardi Suwarno; Sri Wening Sri Wening; Rokhana Faizah; Retno Diah Setiowati; Heri Adriwan Siregar
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Vol 33 No 1 (2025): Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iopri.jur.jpks.v33i1.285

Ganoderma boninense attack and its rapid spread in oil palm plantations have caused significant economic losses. The use of Ganoderma resistant plant materials can be a solution, but the allelic segregation that occurs causes not all DxP progeny obtained have the nature of resistance to Ganoderma. The role of molecular markers is needed to assist initial selection of Ganoderma resistant DxP progenies in nurseries. This study aims to identify targeted SNP markers from the Laccase-24 gene (EgLCC24), which is thought to play a role in oil palm resistance to Ganoderma. Three oil palm DxP populations were used in this study, namely populations A, B, and C. Ganoderma screening in nurseries was carried out on these three populations to obtain progeny samples with resistant and susceptible phenotypes, which were then further analyzed. The methods used include SNP analysis and the use of SNAP primers for marker development. The SNP differences obtained from this study led to amino acid changes, but did not cause stop codons. The validation results using SNAP primers on the Laccase-24 gene showed that DxP progeny from populations A, B, and C relatively have moderate allele characteristics of Ganoderma resistance.

Respon Morfologi Bibit Kelapa Sawit Terhadap Pemberian Pupuk Ikhwan Fadli Pangaribuan; Retno Diah Setiowati; Sri Wening; Dian Rahma Pratiwi; Eko Novandi Ginting; Cut Mardiana; Ernayunita Ernayunita
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Vol 33 No 2 (2025): Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iopri.jur.jpks.v33i2.294

Oil palm requires a balanced and sufficient supply of nutrients to achieve optimal results. Elements such as nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) are the most essential macronutrients needed by the plant. The cost of fertilizer application is relatively high, which presents opportunities and challenges in assembling plant materials that are efficient in nutrient utilization. This research aims to investigate the responses of various populations of oil palm plants to fertilizer application treatments. The study was organized using a split-split plot design with three factors: fertilizer type [nitrogen (N1) and potassium (N2)], fertilizer dosage [0% (P0), 100% (P1), 75% (P2), and 50% (P3) of the recommended dosage], and plant material [populations 1-6 (V1-V6)], repeated six times. The treatment with the highest average plant height was observed in P2, where the fertilizer was applied at 75% of the recommended dosage. In contrast, the best fertilizer type and dosage combination was obtained from N1:P2, referring to plants treated with 75% of the recommended nitrogen fertilizer. Regarding the populations used, population V1 exhibited the lowest average plant height, significantly differing from other populations. When considering populations, the average leaf count of populations V2 and V6 significantly differed from others and had the highest averages. However, when considering the interaction with fertilizer type, the N2V6 interaction involving population six treated with potassium fertilizer showed the highest average leaf count and significantly differed from other interactions. Regarding stem diameter, populations V3, V2, V4, and V6 had the largest average stem diameters and significantly differed from V5 and V1. The treatment combinations N2P2V6 (crossing six treated with 75% potassium fertilizer) and N1P3V2 (population two treated with 50% nitrogen fertilizer) had the largest average stem diameters, measuring 8.14 cm and 8.07 cm, respectively. Both significantly differed from the other 46 interactions. On the other hand, the smallest average stem diameter was found in plants with the N2P3V1 interaction, measuring 5.33 cm, and significantly differed from the other 47 interactions.

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