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All Journal Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Buletin Agrohorti Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Bioplante Microbiology Indonesia Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Jurnal Penelitian Karet JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA AGROSAINSTEK: Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Pertanian

Widodo Widodo

Departemen Proteksi Tanaman, Fakultas Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor (Bogor Agricultural University), Jl. Kamper Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia

Author-ID : 2432568

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology

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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v40i2.6382

Black pod disease (BPD) of cacao caused by Phytophthora palmivora(Butl.) is one of the major diseases on cacao plantation worldwide. Endophytic fungi (EF), fungi that live asymptomatically inside healthy plants, were examined to study their potentials as biocontrol agent of the disease. Six of EF selected from 37 species (from 2843 isolates), isolated from healthy pods of cacao from Marena in Central Sulawesi were tested for their abilities to control BPD. Pods on living trees in the field were sprayed with each EF propagules. The inoculated pods were harvested two weeks later and subsequently inoculated with P. palmivora. Scoring of disease development was performed and quantified as area under disease progress curve (AUDPC). Latent period, infection rate and effectiveness were also recorded. In vitro growth inhibition of pathogen and induced plant defense mechanisms due to EF were also investigated. Xylariaceaeand Calocybe gambosatreatment generated the highest effectiveness control level, i.e. 38.8% and 33.8% respectively, followed by Resinicium friabileand Aschersoniatreatment, i.e. 17.4% dan 12.7% respectively. Pestalotiopsisand Fusariumwere not effective to control BPD. There was a strong connection between disease severity of BPD with the latent period of pathogen. Growth inhibition of pathogen and induced resistance of plant were partially responsible for disease suppression by Xylariaceae, C. gambosa, R. friabileand Aschersonia. Keywords: Calocybe gambosa, induced resistance, peroxidases, salicylic acid, Xylariaceae

Daya Gabung Hasil dan Komponen Hasil Tujuh Galur Jagung Manis di Dua Lokasi Azis Rifianto; Muhamad Syukur; Trikoesoemaningtyas .; Widodo .
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 41 No. 3 (2013): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis daya gabung tujuh galur jagung manis koleksi PT. BISI International,Tbk di dua lokasi menggunakan persilangan dialel lengkap berdasarkan Griffing metode 1. Penelitian ini menggunakanrancangan kelompok lengkap teracak (RKLT) tiga ulangan, dengan lokasi pengujian di Malang, Jawa Timur dan Magelang,Jawa Tengah. Pengaruh resiprok tidak nyata pada semua karakter, memberikan indikasi bahwa semua karakter dipengaruhioleh gen-gen yang terdapat di inti. Interaksi DGUxL berpengaruh nyata pada karakter hasil panen dan diameter tongkol,memberikan indikasi bahwa galur yang memiliki kemampuan bergabung yang baik di satu lokasi belum tentu memberikanhasil yang sama di lokasi yang lain. Interaksi DGKxL tidak berpengaruh nyata pada semua karakter, sehingga seleksicukup dilakukan di satu lokasi. Pengaruh aksi gen non-aditif lebih besar terhadap pewarisan sifat di semua karakter. GalurDMSG781 (D) merupakan penggabung umum yang baik untuk karakter hasil panen, galur DMSE711 (E) untuk karakterdiameter tongkol serta galur DMST531 (B) dan DMSF11 (G) untuk karakter panjang tongkol. Nilai DGK yang tinggi padaumumnya dihasilkan dari tetua dengan DGU tinggi x DGU rendah kecuali untuk karakter panjang tongkol. Kombinasipersilangan DMST531 (B)xDMSK5 (C) memiliki DGK terbaik untuk karakter hasil panen, DMSC499 (A)xDMSS491 (F)untuk panjang tongkol dan DMSS491 (F)x DMSF11 (G) untuk diameter tongkol.Kata kunci : daya gabung, jagung manis, persilangan dialel

Radiosensitivitas dan Heritabilitas Ketahanan terhadap Penyakit Antraknosa pada Tiga Populasi Cabai yang Diinduksi Iradiasi Sinar Gamma Nura ,; Muhamad Syukur; Nurul Khumaida; Widodo ,
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 43 No. 3 (2015): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

ABSTRACTCommercial varieties of chili is still susceptible to anthracnose disease. Anthracnose is one of diseases which caused yield loss about 10-80% in rainy season and 2-35% in dry season. One of the disease control method is to develop new varieties resistant to anthracnose through gamma-ray irradiation. This research was aimed to determine radiosensitivity level and heritability of chili which generated by mutation inductions of three genotypes: IPB C2, IPB C10, and IPB C15. Seed of the three genotypes were irradiated by gamma rays at dosages of 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900 and 1,000 Gy. The LD50 in IPB C2, IPB C10, and IPB C15 were 317.9, 591.4, and 538.8 Gy, respectively. The character of IPB C2 mutants ranged between very susceptible to resistant against anthracnose disease, IPB C10 tended to very susceptible to highly resistant, and genotype IPB C15 tended to susceptible to highly resistant. Genotype IPB C2 had high level in heritability for disease resistance character, while medium level in heritability value was obtained on genotype IPB C10 and IPB C15.Keywords: genotype, LD50, mutant, mutation, seed

Pewarisan Karakter Kualitatif Cabai Hias Hasil Persilangan Cabai Besar dan Cabai Rawit Siti Hapshoh; Muhamad Syukur; Yudiwanti Wahyu; dan Widodo
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 44 No. 3 (2016): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

ABSTRACTThe fruit of ornamental chili functioned as ornamental as well as for consumption, and therefore it requires diversity of traits for selection process. Information on inheritance pattern of the traits are needed for effective selection. The ideotype of ornamental chili are shortened internode that form a bouquet of flowers, erect fruit orientation and contain anthocyanins for attractive appearance. The research was aimed to study qualitative characters inheritance associated with shortened internode, fruit orientation and anthocyanins content. This study used 6 population including female parent (P1) which has anthocyanin in flower parts, the male parent (P2) bird pepper which has the character of a shortened internode, F1, F1R, BCP1, BCP2, and F2. Data were analyzed with Chi-square test to determine the Mendelian ratio in the F2 population. The results showed that there were characters that was controlled by one gene or two genes. Shortened internode and erect fruit orientation were controlled by a single recessive gene with a ratio of 1:3. On the other hand the color of anthocyanin in the anther stem was controlled by one dominant gene with a ratio of 3:1. The characters controlled by two genes that were dominant and recessive epistasis was the color of anthocyanins in the anther with the ratio 13:3.Keywords: Mendelian ratio, antosianin, shortened internode

Daya Hasil 15 Galur Cabai IPB dan Ketahanannya terhadap Penyakit Antraknosa yang Disebabkan oleh Colletotrichum acutatum Lia Marliyanti; Muhamad Syukur; . Widodo
Buletin Agrohorti Vol. 1 No. 1 (2013): Januari 2013
Publisher : Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura

This research intended to evaluate the yield of 15 IPB chili pepper lines from Plant Genetics and Breeding Division, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB, and was compared then with 5 commercial varieties. This research also intended to evaluate its resistance to anthracnose. This research was done from January until July 2011 at Bogor. The main character that evaluated was yield component and resistant to character. IPB019015, IPB110005, IPB120005, IPB009019, IPB002046, and IPB001004 had yield ability better than commercial varieties. IPB019015 had resistance to anthracnose disease better than commercial varieties.Keywords: anthracnose, chili, yield component

Pengaruh Empat Galur Bakteri Pemacu Pertumbuhan Tanaman dan Waktu Inokulasi Virus terhadap Keparahan Penyakit Daun Keriting Kuning Cabai Hari Priwiratama; Sri Hendrastuti Hidayat; Widodo .
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol. 8 No. 1 (2012)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) has effectively reduced infection of pathogens. Bacillus polimixa BG25, B. subtilis SB3, Pseudomonas fluorescens PG01, P. fluorescens S32, and their combinations were used as seed treatment. Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) was used to inoculate Geminivirus at 3, 5, and 6 weeks after planting. Seeds without any bacteria treatment were used as controlled plant. Treatment of PGPR and time of inoculation were significantly effect disease intensity, but not incubation period. Late infection of Geminivirus reduced disease intensity. Based on measurement of plant height, number of branch, and flowers it was concluded that some bacterial treatments was significantly effect plant growth. Key words: Bemisia tabaci, Geminivirus, PGPR, plant growth promoting rhizobacteria

Penyakit Keriting Daun Pepaya yang Disebabkan oleh Cladosporium cladosporioides Widodo .; Suryo Wiyono
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol. 8 No. 1 (2012)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Leaf curling and chlorotic spot on young leaves of papaya type California was observed in Bogor, Kebumen, and Bekasi. Conidium of Cladosporium cladosporioides was found associated with diseased tissue based on microscopic examination. To our knowledge, this is the first report of C. cladosporioides causing papaya leaf curling in Indonesia. Key words: chlorotic, leaf curl disease, papaya disease, scab

Laporan Pertama tentang Penyakit Busuk Arang pada Kacang Tanah Suryo Wiyono; Widodo .
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol. 8 No. 2 (2012)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Peanut charcoal rot disease was first observed in Bogor,West Java in June 2010, and Serang, Banten in January 2012. Infected plants in the field showed root and stem rot, discoloration of stems and/or branches. Severe infection may cause wilting of foliage then plant dried out. Based on microscopic observation Macrophomina phaseolina was constantly associated with diseased plants from those two areas. Hot temperature and low rainfall might favour disease development. This is the first report of charcoal rot disease of peanut in West Java and Banten. Key words: charcoal rot, Macrophomina phaseolina, peanut

Keragaman Fusarium pada Rizosfer Tanaman Kacang Panjang dan Peranannya bagi Pertumbuhan Tanaman Rahmi Sutrisni; Widodo .
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 8 No 5 (2012)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. tracheiphilum is one of the important diseases on yard long bean. Besides of its capability of causing diseases in plants, some species of Fusarium are non pathogenic and able to control Fusarium wilt as naturally occured in disease suppressive soils. The objective of this study was to observe the rhizosphere Fusarium diversity and its role on the plant growth of yard long bean. Out of 56 isolates collected during the study, four species were identified, including F. oxysporum (39.3%), F. semitectum (28.6%), F. longipes (12.5%), F. solani (5.3%), and one unidentified Fusarium sp. (14.3%). The highest diversity index was obtained from the field planted with corn as previous crop. In general, 56 isolates tested could be differentiated into 3 groups based on their effects on plan growth, i.e.: deleterious that caused wilting or growth suppressive without wilting (50.0%), neutral that no significantly difference growth as untreated (41.1%), and growth promoting (8.9%). All three isolated Fusarium causing plant wilting identified as F. oxysporum, while isolates with growth promoting effect were identified as F. oxysporum (4 isolates) and F. solani (1 isolate). These five selected growth promoting Fusarium also suppressed the wilt disease and increased the plant growth when co inoculated with wilt pathogen of yard long bean, F. oxysporum f.sp. tracheiphillum.Key words: diversity, Fusarium, long yard bean, rhizosphere

Cendawan Endofit Nonpatogen Asal Tanaman Cabai dan Potensinya sebagai Agens Pemacu Pertumbuhan Evan P. Ramdan; Widodo Widodo; Efi Toding Tondok; Suryo Wiyono; Sri Hendrastuti Hidayat
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 9 No 5 (2013)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Endophytic fungi have been reported to have mutual symbiosis with their host. This research aimed to obtain nonpathogenic isolates of endophytic fungi from roots, stems, and branches of chili pepper. Endophytic fungi were isolated on 10% malt extract agar (MEA) after serial surface sterilization of plant parts. The effect of endophytic fungi on the development of chili pepper seeds were tested by growing seeds on media containing endophytic fungi isolate. As many as 138 isolates of endophytic fungi were successfully isolated from chili pepper plants from Garut and Bogor. Based on colony morphology the isolates can be differentiated into 9 morphotypes. Among the total isolates, 13.04% are nonpathogenic. Some of them (7,25%) do not effect seedling significantly compared to control and some isolates (5.79%) caused better seedling growth than control. Endophytic fungi having the potential to promote plant growth was identified as Aspergillus sp., Fusarium sp., Penicillium sp., sterile hyphae 1, 2, and 3.

Co-Authors ALI NURMANSYAH Ali Wafa Ana Feronika Cindra Irawati Andika Septiana Suryaningsih Andriani, Desta Anthoni Sulthan Harahap Asniah Asniah Azis Rifianto Bonjok Istiaji Busyairi Latiful Ashar Dedek Kusvianti devi ayu komalaningrat Dini Dinarty Dini Dinarty DJOKO PRIJONO DWI SUGIPRIHATINI Efi Toding Tondok Eryna Elfasari Rangkuti Evan P. Ramdan Fetrina Oktavia Fetrina Oktavia Firmansyah, Raden Arief Gayuh Rahayu Giyanto Giyanto Hari Priwiratama Heri Harti Hermanu Triwidodo Kikin H Mutaqin Kudang Boro Seminar Kuswanhadi Kuswanhadi Kuswanhadi Kuswanhadi Lia Marliyanti Lilih Naelun Najah Maggy Tenawidjaja Suhartono Maggy Thenawidjaja Suhartono Maria Ulfa Putri Yoeshinda Meity Suradji Sinaga Mohamad Rahmad Suhartanto Muhamad Syukur Ni Putu Winda Mahasari Nura , Nurul Khumaida Rahmi Sutrisni Ramdan, Evan Purnama Siti Hapshoh SRI HENDRASTUTI HIDAYAT Sudarsono Sudarsono Sudarsono Sudarsono Sulastri Sulastri Supramana Suryo Wiyono Syaidatul Rosidah Titiek Siti Yuliani Trikoesoemaningtyas Umi Sallamatul Isniah Weni Wilia Yudi Sastro Yudiwanti Wahyu E. Kusumo

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