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Comparison of recovery rate in acute rinopharyngitis after antibiotic and non antibiotic treatment Wahyudi Istiono, Beta Andewi Resti Anggraheni
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 45, No 02 (2013)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Acute rhinopharyngitis (ARI) remains become a major public health problem in the world. About 2.3 million people are diagnosed with ARI annually. In Cilacap District of Central Java, approximately 350 patients visit primary health care center due to URTI symptoms monthly. Acute rhinopharyngitis is commonly caused by viruses, therefore the use of antibiotics is not recommended. However, many evidences showed that antibiotics are prescribed to treat ARI. The aim of this study is to compare of recovery rate in acute rinopharyngitis after antibiotic and non antibiotic treatment. This was a double-blind randomized controlled trial study involving ARIs patients who visited primary health care center (Puskesmas) of Cilacap I, Cilacap District. The patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were recruted and divided into two groups i.e. Treatment Group and Control Group. The Treatment Group was given symptomatic drugs and amoxicillin 500 mg three time daily for five days, while the Control Group was just given symptomatic drugs. The recovery rate of ARI patients was evaluated on the fifth day after drugs administration. One hundred and sixty six eligible ARI patients consisting 83 patients of each group were involved in this study. The results showed that the recovery rate in the Treatment Group (57 patients or 68.7%) was not significantly different with the Control Group (51 patients or 61.7%) (p = 0.417). Moreover, age, gender difference, smoking activity did not influence the recovery rate of ARI patients. However, occupation category influenced the recovery rate. In conclusion, the administration of antibiotic in ARI patients does not influence their recovery rate.Â Â Â Key words : acute rinopharyngitis Â - management â symptomatic drugs - antibiotic - recovery rate

Transformation Prospect of Inclusive Elementary School Non-Disaster Preparedness Schools in Implementing Management of Child Safety Education Widowati, Evi; Sugiharto, Sugiharto; Wahyuningsih, Anik Setyo; Husodo, Adi Heru; Istiono, Wahyudi
Unnes Journal of Public Health Articles in Press
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang in cooperation with Association of Indonesian Public Health Experts (Ikatan Ahli Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia (IAKMI))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ujph.v0i0.34378

Children is a person aged 0 to 18 years old, including fetus. Primary School X is an inclusive primary school that enrolls children with special needs, located in a disaster-prone area and never been exposed to information and training related to child safety education. The purpose of this study is to investigate the readiness of Primary School X as Inclusive Primary School Non-Disaster Preparedness Schools in implementing child safety education management in schools. This study combines descriptive and analytic studies. Descriptive study was used to assess school management condition through 28 assessment and was conducted through interviews, document study and observation. The analytic study used was quasi-experimental study with one group pre- and post-test design. The result showed that the readiness level of Primary School X to transform into multi-disaster-based child safety was 36%, which is included into transformation ?ready? category.

Comparison of recovery rate in acute rinopharyngitis after antibiotic and non antibiotic treatment Beta Andewi Resti Anggraheni; Wahyudi Istiono
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 45, No 02 (2013)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Acute rhinopharyngitis (ARI) remains become a major public health problem in the world. About 2.3 million people are diagnosed with ARI annually. In Cilacap District of Central Java, approximately 350 patients visit primary health care center due to URTI symptoms monthly. Acute rhinopharyngitis is commonly caused by viruses, therefore the use of antibiotics is not recommended. However, many evidences showed that antibiotics are prescribed to treat ARI. The aim of this study is to compare of recovery rate in acute rinopharyngitis after antibiotic and non antibiotic treatment. This was a double-blind randomized controlled trial study involving ARIs patients who visited primary health care center (Puskesmas) of Cilacap I, Cilacap District. The patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were recruted and divided into two groups i.e. Treatment Group and Control Group. The Treatment Group was given symptomatic drugs and amoxicillin 500 mg three time daily for five days, while the Control Group was just given symptomatic drugs. The recovery rate of ARI patients was evaluated on the fifth day after drugs administration. One hundred and sixty six eligible ARI patients consisting 83 patients of each group were involved in this study. The results showed that the recovery rate in the Treatment Group (57 patients or 68.7%) was not significantly different with the Control Group (51 patients or 61.7%) (p = 0.417). Moreover, age, gender difference, smoking activity did not influence the recovery rate of ARI patients. However, occupation category influenced the recovery rate. In conclusion, the administration of antibiotic in ARI patients does not influence their recovery rate.

Impact of Training by Family Doctor on Cadre Performance in Counseling at Posbindu Dusun Tahunan of Gunungkidul Regency T. Herjuna Hadiyanta; Wahyudi Istiono; I Dewa Putu Pramantara
Review of Primary Care Practice and Education (Kajian Praktik dan Pendidikan Layanan Primer) Vol 1, No 1 (2018): January
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing

Background: Increasing cases of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are becoming a serious public health threat because they dominate the top 10 global causes of death. The government is trying to control it by way of early detection of NCDs risk factors through Posbindu (Integrated Coaching Groups) activities. At this time Posbindu programs are not running optimally because the volunteers called cadres (Kader) are not confident in doing counseling. Cadres find it difficult to read and understand the modules by themselves, while special training on counseling has not been prioritized. Optimally, family doctors as community oriented care providers need to train cadres to be skilled in counseling so that risk factors can be controlled as early as possible.Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess whether the impact of role playing training by family physicians can improve the volunteer cadres’ performance in providing counseling compared with those who rely on only reading the modules.Methods: The design of this study was a quasi-experimental research with a sample size of 50 participants. The treatment was provided in the form of counseling to 11 volunteers (cadres) who were specially trained. Analysis of pre and post-test data used a variety of tests (t-test).Results: Cadres who were trained by family physicians showed a significant increase in mean knowledge level (p value 0.007) of 22.9. An average increase 4 weeks after training showed no significant difference (p value 0.346) when compared to results immediately after the training. Knowledge of cadres only reading the module showed no significant mean difference (p value 0.6871). There was a significant difference of mean knowledge between the trained cadres which was higher than the cadres who only read the modules (p value 0.005). There was also a significant increase in the average knowledge of participants after receiving counseling by trained cadres (p value 0.001) of 22.28.Conclusion: There was a significant increase in cadre knowledge about NCDs risk factors after being specially trained by family physicians. Knowledge of cadres before and after being given modules without training showed no significant change. There was also a significant increase in participants’ knowledge after receiving counseling by trained cadres. Training of cadres with role playing methods was demonstrated to increase participants’ knowledge significantly and can be considered a determinant of success in improving cadre performance in counseling.

Stress Level Relationship with Prediabetes Events in Sleman Yogyakarta Novi Husmarini; Wahyudi Istiono; Ronny Tri Wirasto
Review of Primary Care Practice and Education (Kajian Praktik dan Pendidikan Layanan Primer) Vol 2, No 2 (2019): May
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing

BACKGROUND: Prediabetes prevalence in the world is increasing, and is estimated to reach20.6% in 2025. Prediabetes prevalence in Indonesia is almost double the prevalence of diabetes mellitus. Prediabetes often does not cause symptoms, but has already started to occur with both microvascular and macrovascular complications in some patients. Stress is a disorder of the body and mind caused by changes and demands of life. Stress that occurs at this time, is part of the effects of modern life, and cannot be avoided, both in the work environment, and school, as well as family and society. In the state of stress the secretion of the hormone cortisol increases, which pushes the pancreas to produce insulin, so that there is an increase in blood sugar levels.OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted with the aim to know the relationship of stress level in prediabetes sufferer and know the description of stress level of prediabetes patient in Sleman Yogyakarta area.METHODS: This research was a quantitative studywith a cross sectional design, done in the working area of first health facility of Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta. Sampling was done by simple random sampling, and research subjects were patients in the working area of Puskemas in Sleman that fulfilled inclusion and exclusion criteria then examined.RESULTS: The mean age of the study subjects was 46.7 years (SD 11.02). The distribution of subjects of the study was 121 females (78.1%), and 34 males (21.9%). Based on a total of 155 respondents, 19 respondents (12.3%) were diagnosed with prediabetes based on TTGO results and 136 people (87.7%) had normal TTGO results. Based on a total of 155 respondents, 69 respondents (47.1%) had a mild stress level, 80 respondents (49%) moderate stress level and 6 respondents (3.9%) had severe stress level. The result of bivariate analysis showed that there was no correlation between stress level and prediabetes occurrence in Sleman Yogyakarta and p = 0.825 (CI 95%: 0.879-1.67) was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Prediabetes prevalence was 12.3% in the study population.CONCLUSSION: There was no correlationbetweenstress level with the occurrence of prediabetes in Sleman Yogyakarta area. Stress levels were moderate among prediabetes sufferers more than mild and severe stress levels.

Adaptation of Home Falls and Accidents Screening Tool (HOME FAST) as a Fall Risk Screening Tool for the Elderly in First Level Health Facilities at Purworejo Regency Dewi Susilowardani; Wahyudi Istiono; I Dewa Putu Pramantara
Review of Primary Care Practice and Education (Kajian Praktik dan Pendidikan Layanan Primer) Vol 3, No 2 (2020): May
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/rpcpe.33984

Background: The Home Falls and Accidents Screening Tool (HOME FAST) is used for early detection of unsafe environmental conditions at home and risk factors for falls in the elderly. However, in Indonesia there are no data on the adaptation of this instrument. Objective: To determine if the HOME FAST adaptation can be used as a screening tool for the risk of falling in the elderly in the First Level Health Facilities/Fasilitas Kesehatan Tingkat Pertama (FKTP) of Purworejo Regency. Methods: This research was a quantitative study with a cross-sectional design. Subjects were elderly with age over 65 years in the Puskesmas Loano working area that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: After the adaptation of the HOME FAST instrument was completed, a validity test was performed and a r table result of 0.361 was obtained, indicating all questions were valid. Reliability testing using the Cronbach Alpha formula obtained 0.8461. Subjects were 300 respondents with a distribution of 135 men (45%) and 165 women (55%). The results of the bivariate analysis found three factors that were statistically significantly related, namely gender, age, and the total score of the HOME FAST adaptation instrument. Gender was statistically significantly correlated with a history of falls p = 0.045 (95% CI 2.14-2.56) with RP 1.57 while age was significant with p = 0.046 with (95% CI: 2.85-3.46), and the risk of unsafe total HOME FAST scoring with p = 0.024. From the 2x2 table calculations, the sensitivity of the HOME FAST adaptation scoring method was low with 46% and the specificity of 67%. Conclusion: The adaptation of HOME FAST has a sensitivity of 46% and a specificity of 67%. The prevalence of adaptation results from HOME FAST risk of falling was 36.66%, with the number of safe houses were 190 housing units and 110 unsafe houses.

Effectiveness of Mental Health Training Module Gap Action Programme (mhGAP) in Increasing Knowledge and Skills of Primary Care Physicians in Diagnosing Depression Disorders in the Gunungkidul District Novi Fitri Yani; Carla R Marchira; Wahyudi Istiono
Review of Primary Care Practice and Education (Kajian Praktik dan Pendidikan Layanan Primer) Vol 1, No 2 (2018): May
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing

Background: Depression occurs in 3-8% of the population of the world and ranks fourth in the world's most prevalent diseases. Based on data from Riskesdas 2013, the rate of mental disorders (depression and anxiety) reached 6% for ages 15 and older. The mental disorder most prevalent in primary care is the depressive disorder (10%), but the diagnosis of depression by general practitioners in primary care is only 1%. Coverage of mental health in primary care is low, partly because primary care physicians who are in Community and Primary Health Care Centers (Puskesmas) are still experiencing difficulties in diagnosing mental disorders, especially depression.Objective: To determine the effectiveness of mhGAP training in improving the knowledge and skills of primary care physicians in diagnosing and treating depression in Gunungkidul.Research Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental research with pretest-posttest design with one group, in order to find a causal relationship involving one treatment group.Results: The knowledge of the primary care physician improved about diagnosis of depression before and after intervention training modules, p=0.000. Patients with depression mostly suffered in the female group ages 19-60 years old. An increase in the diagnosis of depression after training mhGAP with validation by a psychiatric specialist was at 49.41%.Conclusion: Training with modules mhGAP improved education for physicians in the diagnosis of depression and improved referral rates of depression cases from community health centers to district hospitals in Wonosari.

The Precision of Screening Questionnaires for Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 and Hypertension Compared with the Gold Standard in Primary Care Seta Nurhayati Mularum; Hari Kusnanto; Wahyudi Istiono
Review of Primary Care Practice and Education (Kajian Praktik dan Pendidikan Layanan Primer) Vol 1, No 2 (2018): May
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension are health issues that are the focus of the Indonesian government, especially in the era of Universal Health Coverage/Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN). The prevalences have been steadily increasing daily. Special Region of Yogyakarta (DIY) has the highest prevalence of DM in Indonesia, while hypertension prevalence is 25.7% according to data from Riskesdas 2013. Complications from diabetes and hypertension lead to decreased quality of life and premature death, therefore it is necessary to have a better management strategy to reduce the risks. Nowadays, there are no diabetes and hypertension screening questionnaires which have been validated and implemented in the district of Bantul. Therefore, it is important to develop screening questionnaires for early detection of diabetes and hypertension as a tool for primary care physicians to perform tasks at the preventive level.Objective: This study aimed to measure the accuracy of screening questionnaires to detect diabetes mellitus and hypertension in primary care in Bantul DIY.Methods: This study used a cross-sectional method. The subjects of the study were a group of individuals aged 40-60 years in Bantul who met the criteria inclusion and the criteria exclusion. The study subjects were asked to complete the screening questionnaires of diabetes and hypertension. The results were then compared with the gold standard of fasting blood sugar and blood pressure check. The data were analyzed by using multivariate regression tests.Results: The results of multivariate analysis showed that the risk factors were a history of baby born weight ≥ 4 kg or gestational diabetes mellitus and the abdominal circumference was an independent risk factor for the incidence of diabetes in general population. Being a baby born with weight ≥ 4 kg and abdominal circumference had p = 0.001: RR 2.75 (CI 95%: 1.5 to 5.0) and p = 0.036: RR of 8.08 (CI 95%: 1.15 to 56.8), respectively. The risk factor of age was an independent risk factor for hypertension with p = 0.003: RR of 3.1 (CI 95%: 1.4 to 6.6).Conclusion: History of a baby born with weight ≥ 4 kg and abdominal circumference were appropriate for screening DM, meanwhile the age was appropriate for screening hypertension.

The Effect of Reproductive Health Counseling to the Perception on Prevention Behavior of Leucorrhea in Female Students at SMAN 1 Temon (Based on the Health Belief Model/HBM Theory) Beti Wulansari; Wahyudi Istiono; Shinta Prawitasari
Review of Primary Care Practice and Education (Kajian Praktik dan Pendidikan Layanan Primer) Vol 1, No 3 (2018): September
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing

ABSTRACTBackground: Leucorrhea is a problem that is often experienced by women. Female adolescents have inadequate knowledge about handling and preventing leucorrhea. This inadequate knowledge has an impact on the perception that leucorrhea will not affect their health. But in reality, for the last 3 (three) years from 2014 to 2016, there was an increase in complaints according to the screening results by Puskesmas Temon 2 (Community Health Center). Because of this reason, interventions are needed regarding the knowledge about leucorrhea prevention applying the Health Belief Model (HBM) theory, including perceptions of seriousness, vulnerability, benefits, obstacles, and impulse to act that can be measured by a perceptual score.Objectives: This study aimed to determine the effect of reproductive health counseling on the perceptual score of seriousness, vulnerability, benefits, obstacles, and impulse to act involving female students’ perceptions in leucorrhea prevention behavior of SMAN 1 Temon (Senior High School) before and after health counseling. The score was measured by the HBM.Methods: The research was a quasi-experimental study with a time series design. The population of this research was the female students of class X and XI SMAN 1 Temon. The sample consisted of 55 female students who had fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria by using simple random sampling technique. Data were analyzed using eepeated ANOVA test with significance level (α) of 0.05.Results: The results of this study indicated that there were significant differences in perception scores (p = 0.000) before counseling and after counseling in perceptions of seriousness in prevention, vulnerability to leucorrhea, benefits in prevention, barriers to preventive action, encouragement to act and total HBM score. Conclusions: Reproductive health counseling about leucorrhea based on the Health Belief Model theory is effective to improve female adolescent students' perception in taking action to prevent leucorrhea, especially in perception scores of seriousness, vulnerability, benefits, obstacles, and impulse to act in leucorrhea prevention behavior of female students in SMAN 1 Temon.

Evaluation of Community Based Disaster Preparedness Training for UGM Health Study Program Students in 2016 Istianto Kuntjoro; Mora Claramita; Wahyudi Istiono
Review of Primary Care Practice and Education (Kajian Praktik dan Pendidikan Layanan Primer) Vol 2, No 1 (2019): January
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing

Background: Disasters are events that destroy infrastructure, take casualties, disrupt life and systems, damage social order, health, and security, and occur on a global scale. Various places in the world began to include disaster management in their doctors' education curricula, including Indonesia, which is geologically located in areas with high potential for disasters, which have the potential to be continually harmed by disasters that always occur.Objective: To see whether the disaster management training in UGM semester 7 study program students have properly increased the students' knowledge and attitude towards disaster.Method: Quantitative research design and using Quasi-experimental method, without control, with pre-test and post-test instruments. The population of this study was students of medical education study programs, nutrition study program students, and nursing study students, with a sample of 175 students. The independent variable measured is community-based disaster management training. Collecting research data using an instrument in the form of a questionnaire after that was analyzed by a paired T-test.Results: There was an increase in the score of knowledge and attitudes about disaster after receiving training, but the achievement of the mean value of each question was still close to the median. The highest increase in scores achieved in each study program is a value of 6.Conclusion: There was an increase in knowledge about disasters and disaster preparedness attitudes in 2016 health study program students who attended Disaster Preparedness training.

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