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All Journal Medical Journal of Indonesia Sari Pediatri Paediatrica Indonesiana
Adhi Teguh Perma Iskandar
Perinatology Division, Department Of Pediatrics, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Faculty Of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology

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Pharmacological treatment strategies for neonates with patent ductus arteriosus: a systematic review Oliver Emmanuel Yausep; Adhi Teguh Perma Iskandar
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 59 No 5 (2019): September 2019
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (262.719 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi59.5.2019.229-36

Abstract

Background Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) has a variety of treatment options, ranging from pharmacologic, with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as first line therapy, to surgical ligation. However, treatment with NSAIDs is associated with severe side effects as well as many contraindications. Paracetamol is a non-classic NSAID with the prospect of fewer side effects compared to other NSAID counterparts. Objectives To compare the efficacy and safety of paracetamol to ibuprofen or indomethacin for neonates with PDA by systematic review of the literature. Methods Our literature search was conducted on four databases: PubMed, Scopus, Ovid, and The Cochrane Library, to find studies that compared paracetamol to ibuprofen or indomethacin in neonates with PDA. Articles were selected based on pre-set eligibility criteria. Outcomes extracted from each study included PDA closure rates as well as adverse events rates. Results Seven randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included in this study. Five compared paracetamol to ibuprofen and one used indomethacin as a control. The studies were of good quality, with several variations in methodology. All trials reported similar closure rates of paracetamol compared to ibuprofen or indomethacin. Three studies reported similar rates of adverse events, whereas another three reported safety profiles that favoured paracetamol over ibuprofen. Conclusion Paracetamol has similar efficacy to ibuprofen and indomethacin with regards to rate of PDA closure following a course of treatment. Paracetamol is also reportedly relatively safe in terms of adverse events rates experienced by patients.
Heated, humidified high-flow nasal cannula vs. nasal CPAP in infants with moderate respiratory distress Adhi Teguh Perma Iskandar; Risma Kerina Kaban; Mulyadi M Djer
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 59 No 6 (2019): November 2019
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (265.401 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi59.6.2019.331-9

Abstract

Background Respiratory distress is the most common cause of morbidity in premature babies in the delivery room. Nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) is widely used as the preferred modality of treatment, although it may cause nasal trauma. Heated, humidified high-flow nasal (HHHFN) cannula is an alternative oxygen therapy, yet the safety and efficacy has not been widely studied. Objective To compare the safety and efficacy of HHHFN and nCPAP in premature babies with gestational age > 28 to < 35 weeks and moderate respiratory distress. Methods We conducted a randomized, non-inferiority, clinical trial using HHHFN vs. nCPAP as a treatment for moderate respiratory distress within 72 hours after they had been used. The efficacy endpoints were treatment failure, length of device use, length of Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC), and full enteral feeding time. Safety assessment included pain score, nasal trauma, and systemic complications. Results No differences were found in terms of incidence of endotracheal intubation within < 72 hours of HHHFN (20%) compared to nCPAP (18%) (P=0.799). However, there was a significant difference in moderate nasal trauma in nCPAP (14%) compared to HHHFN (0%)(P=0.006). There were no significant differences of blood gas analysis results, full enteral feeding time, length of KMC, length of device use, and rate of complications (bronchopulmonary dysplasia/BPD, intraventricular hemorrhage/IVH, patent ductus arteriosus/PDA, necrotizing enterocolitis/NEC and late onset neonatal sepsis/LONS) between the nCPAP and HHHFN groups. Conclusion The HHHFN is not inferior to nCPAP in terms of the safety and efficacy as primary non-invasive therapy in premature babies of gestational age > 28 to < 35 weeks with moderate respiratory distress . Compared to nCPAP, HHHFN induced lower nasal trauma.
Neonatal hemochromatosis attributed to gestational alloimmune liver disease treated with intravenous immunoglobulin and exchange transfusion therapy: an evidence-based case report Adhi Teguh Perma Iskandar; Vini Jamarin; Kamajaya Mulyana
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 61 No 6 (2021): November 2021
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi61.6.2021.350-5

Abstract

Neonatal hemochromatosis (NH) is a rare fatal liver disease accompanied by hepatic and extrahepatic iron overload.1-3 Gestational alloimmune liver disease (GALD) is a materno-fetal alloimmune disorder and leading cause of NH.2,4,5 This condition allows an interplay between the maternal adaptive immune system and the fetus, resulting in an allograft to the mother. The mother becomes sensitized to an alloantigen expressed by the fetus and forms specific reactive antibodies. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is transported through the placenta and attacks the fetal hepatocytes, resulting in severe loss of hepatocytes and fetal iron overload.3,6 Liver transplantation has been the only definitive treatment for NH for many years, with a survival rate of ±35%. Conventional therapy containing antioxidants and chelation agents reportedly have very poor success, with survival rate of only 10-20%. A new treatment paradigm involving intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and exchange transfusion (ET) therapy has shown significant success in survival rate in NH, decreasing the need for liver transplantation.3,7,8 Here we present a case of NH caused by GALD and treated successfully with a combination of IVIG therapy and ET. We also aimed to evaluate the efficacy of IVIG and ET therapy for NH.
Karakteristik Bayi Baru Lahir dengan Resusitasi Berkaitan dengan Kebutuhan Jenis Alat Bantu Napas Saat Lahir Fiolita Indranita Sutjipto; Adhi Teguh Perma Iskandar
Sari Pediatri Vol 24, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Badan Penerbit Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia (BP-IDAI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/sp24.2.2022.83-90

Abstract

Latar belakang. Bayi lahir tidak bugar sering mengalami kegagalan adaptasi pernapasan. Kondisi tersebut membutuhkan resusitasi, stabilisasi, yang selanjutnya membutuhkan alat bantu napas bertekanan positif berkelanjutan. Alat bantu napas berfungsi untuk menjaga patensi saluran pernapasan, pertukaran gas di alveoli secara efektif, dan membantu proses humidifikasi. Tujuan. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat membantu untuk mempersiapkan berbagai jenis alat bantu napas yang sesuai pada unit-unit perawatan intensif neonatus di rumah sakit. Metode. Penelitian dilakukan Di RSCM pada periode 2019 sampai dengan 2020, hasil dari penelitian sebanyak 179 (59,8%) bayi lahir membutuhkan resusitasi dan menggunakan alat bantu napas non-invasif, sisanya 121 (40,2%) membutuhkan alat bantu napas invasif. Hasil. Bayi yang memerlukan alat bantu napas invasif memiliki karakteristik seperti usia gestasi 30,27 (±3,5) minggu, berat badan lahir 1200 (415;4430) gram, jenis kelamin laki-laki 66 bayi dan perempuan 55 bayi, skor APGAR usia menit ke-5 5,5 (±1,7). Kesimpulan. Semakin kecil usia gestasi, berat lahir, skor APGAR maka semakin tinggi resiko untuk mendapat alat bantu napas invasif. Dengan demikian, bayi dengan karakteristik di atas harus dilahirkan di fasilitas kesehatan yang memiliki alat bantu napas invasif maupun non-invasif.
Effects of lung recruitment maneuvers using mechanical ventilator on preterm hemodynamics Adhi Teguh Perma Iskandar; Ahmad Kautsar; Anisa Rahmadhany; Risma Kerina Kaban; Bambang Supriyatno; Joedo Prihartono; Dewi I. Santoso; Tetty Yuniarti; Najib Advani; Mulyadi M. Djer; Fiolita I. Sutjipto
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 63 No 3 (2023): May 2023
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi63.3.2023.173-80

Abstract

Background Lung recruitment maneuvers (LRMs) are a strategy to gradually increase mean positive airway pressure (MAP) to expand the alveoli, leading to decreased pulmonary vascular resistance and increased cardiac output (CO). However, the hemodynamic impact of LRM using assist control volume guarantee (AC-VG) ventilator mode done in preterm infants born at 24 to 32 weeks’ gestation, especially in the first 72 hours of life, remains unknown. Objective To determine the effect of LRM on right- and left cardiac ventricular output (RVO and LVO), ductus arteriosus (DA) diameter and its pulmonary hypertension (PH) flow pattern, as well as superior mesenteric artery (SMA) flow. Method This randomized, controlled, single-blinded clinical trial was performed in 24-32-week preterm neonates with birth weights of >600 grams. Subjects were allocated by block randomization to the LRM and control groups, each containing 55 subjects. We measured RVO, LVO, DA diameter, PH flow pattern, and SMA resistive index (RI) at 1 and 72 hours after mechanical ventilation was applied. We analyzed for hemodynamic differences between the two groups. Results During the initial 72 hours of mechanical ventilation, there were no significant differences between the control vs. LRM groups in mean changes of LVO [41.40 (SD 91.21) vs. 15.65 (SD 82.39) mL/kg/min, respectively; (P=0.138)] or mean changes of RVO [65.56 (SD 151.20) vs. 70.59 (SD 133.95) mL/kg/min, respectively; (P=0.859)]. Median DA diameter reduction was -0.08 [interquartile range (IQR) -0.55; 0.14] mm in the control group and -0.10 (IQR -0.17 to -0.01) mm in the LRM group (P=0.481). Median SMA resistive index was 0.02 (IQR -0.16 to 0.24) vs. 0.01(IQR -0.20 to 0.10) in the control vs. LRM group, respectively. There was no difference in proportion of pulmonary hypertension flow pattern at 72 hours (25.4% vs. 20% in the control vs. LRM group, respectively) (P=0.495). Conclusion When preterm infants of 24-32 weeks gestational age are placed on mechanical ventilation, LRM gives neither additional hemodynamic benefit nor harm compared to standard ventilator settings.
Neonatal outcomes from in vitro fertilization-conceived pregnancies Ashfahani Imanadhia; Risma Kerina Kaban; Adhi Teguh Perma Iskandar; Reynaldo Rahima Putra; Ressa Hana Natasa
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 63 No 4 (2023): July 2023
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi63.4.2023.238-44

Abstract

Background In vitro fertilization (IVF) shows potential to improve pregnancy success, especially for infertile couples. This technique has some risks for neonates in the perinatal period and may affect their future health. Objective To investigate the characteristics and clinical outcomes of neonates from IVF-conceived pregnancies. Methods This retrospective study was conducted in neonates from IVF-conceived pregnancies from January to December 2021 at Bunda Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Jakarta. We gathered data from medical records about maternal age and morbidity, gravidity, gestational age, method of delivery, multiple gestation, also neonates’ significant profiles like prematurity, birth weight, Apgar score, and morbidities in perinatal period. We would like to investigate the characteristics and clinical outcomes of neonates born from IVF-conceived pregnancies program. Results There were 361 neonates whose mothers underwent IVF included in this study. Most mothers were ?35 years (70.9%) and on their first pregnancy (69.2%). Maternal complicating factors were premature contractions (16.6%), premature rupture of membranes (8.3%), and twin pregnancy (31.5%). About 98.6% of deliveries were performed by caesarean section and from IVF-conceived pregnancies program most 61.2% neonates were born at full term gestation (61.2%). Preterm deliveries occurred at a mean gestational age of 34.4 (SD 2.4) weeks. Subjects’ mean birth weight was 2,800.2 (SD 640.3) grams, with 26.3% in the low-birth-weight category. Most neonates (93.0%) were appropriate weight for gestational age and had good Apgar scores in the first minute (92.2%) and fifth minute (99.7%). However, 24.3% of neonates needed intensive care (NICU) with morbidities. The longest length of NICU stay was 100 days, with mortality of 7.9% of NICU-treated infants. Conclusion In our setting, most neonates from the IVF program were born with good outcomes, although preterm birth rate, low birth weight, need for NICU care, and mortality rate were quite high. Further study is needed to evaluate long-term outcomes of IVF neonates.
Effects of lung recruitment maneuver using mechanical ventilator in preterm infant microcirculation: a clinical trial Iskandar, Adhi Teguh Perma; Djer, Mulyadi Muhammad; Supriyatno, Bambang; Kaban, Risma Kerina; Kautsar, Ahmad; Rahmadhany, Anisa; Sutjipto, Fiolita Indranita; Suhendro; Advani, Najib; Santoso, Dewi Irawati Soeria; Prihartono, Joedo; Yuniati, Tetty
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 34 No. 1 (2025): March
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.oa.247472

Abstract

BACKGROUND Preterm infants often require continuous positive airway pressure due to immature respiratory tracts. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) manifests as prolonged oxygen dependence until 28 days of age and is classified into mild, moderate, or severe forms. The lung recruitment maneuver (LRM) aims to reopen collapsed alveoli, enhancing oxygenation during mechanical ventilation using the assist control volume guarantee mode (MV-AC/VG). This study aimed to evaluate the impact of LRM on alveolar and endothelial injuries, neonatal microcirculation, and its relation to BPD reduction or mortality in preterm infants. METHODS This study was conducted from March 2021 to April 2022 at Cipto Mangunkusumo and Bunda Menteng Hospitals, Jakarta. The participants are <32 weeks infants with severe respiratory distress syndrome requiring MV-AC/VG, divided into LRM and control groups (n = 55 each). The alveolar injury was assessed using plasma surfactant protein-D (SP-D), endothelial injury by flow cytometry for endothelial microparticles (CD-31⁺/CD-42-), and neonatal microcirculation via transcutaneous-artery CO2 gap (TcPCO₂-PaCO₂) and transcutaneous O2 index (TcPO₂/PaO₂) measurements at 1 and 72 hours post-ventilation. RESULTS LRM did not negatively affect preterm infants (24–32 weeks) undergoing invasive mechanical ventilation. At 72 hours, no significant differences were observed in alveolar (SP-D) and endothelial injury (CD-31+/CD-42-), nor in BPD reduction or mortality by 36 weeks. CONCLUSIONS LRM is a beneficial intervention for enhancing respiratory support and microcirculation in preterm infants. Among survivors, LRM reduced the time to achieve the lowest FiO2 (60.0 versus 435.0 hours, p<0.0001), shortened respiratory support duration (25.0 versus 36.83 days, p = 0.044), and improved TcO2 index (1.00 versus 1.00, p = 0.009).
Co-Authors Ahmad Kautsar Anisa Rahmadhany Ashfahani Imanadhia Bambang Supriyatno Dewi I. Santoso Fiolita I. Sutjipto Fiolita Indranita Sutjipto Joedo Prihartono Joedo Prihartono Kamajaya Mulyana Kautsar, Ahmad Mulyadi M. Djer Najib Advani Najib Advani Oliver Emmanuel Yausep Rahmadhany, Anisa Ressa Hana Natasa Reynaldo Rahima Putra Risma Kerina Kaban Risma Kerina Kaban Risma Kerina Kaban Risma Kerina Kaban, Risma Kerina Santoso, Dewi Irawati Soeria Suhendro Sutjipto, Fiolita Indranita Tetty Yuniarti Tetty Yuniati Vini Jamarin