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All Journal Vegetalika Biota: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Biotropika Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Jurnal Riset Biologi dan Aplikasinya
DIAH RACHMAWATI
Staf Pengajar Fakultas Biologi UGM
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology

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Expression analysis of antioxidant genes in response to drought stress in the fl ag leaf of two Indonesian rice cultivars R, Refli; Muljopawiro, Sukarti; Dewi, Kumala; Rachmawati, Diah
Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Vol 19, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (279.254 KB)

Abstract

The objective of this study was to analysis the expression of antioxidant genes in response to droughtstress in Indonesian rice. The malondialdehyde (MDA) content and the expression of Cu-ZnSod1, cCu-ZnSod2,MnSod1, cApxa, cApxb, chl-sApx, Cat1, Cat2, Cat3, Gr1, Gr2, and Gr3 genes were assayed in the rice fl ag leaf ofCiherang and Situ Bagendit cultivars subjected to control, mild and severe drought during the grain fi llingphase. Increase in MDA content of Ciherang treated to mild and severe drought was almost two-fold andthree-fold respectively, while MDA content in Situ Bagendit subjected to mild and severe drought increasedapproximately one-fold and two-fold as compared to the control. The semi quantitative reverse transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction (sqRT-PCR) analysis showed that the expression of cCu-ZnSod1, MnSod1, Cat2, Gr3genes of Ciherang, and cCu-ZnSod2, MnSod1, cApxa, cApxb, chl-sAPX, Cat2 and Gr1 genes of Situ Bagendit increasedin fl ag leaf of plant treated to drought. Expressions of cApxb, chl-sApx, Cat3 of Ciherang and Cu-ZnSod1 and Gr2genes of Situ Bagendit were not changed signifi cantly by drought stress. Decreased expression was shownby cCu-ZnSod2, cApxa, Cat1, Gr1 and Gr2 genes of Ciherang, and Cat1, Cat3 and Gr3 genes of Situ Bagendit. Theresults indicated that the activity of oxidative defense was regulated by four genes; cCu-ZnSod1, MnSod1, Cat2,Gr3 in Ciherang, and eight genes; cCu-ZnSod1, cCu-ZnSod2, MnSod1, cApxa, cApxb, chl-sApx, Cat2 and Gr1 in SituBagendit. Therefore, differences in the number of antioxidant genes controlling oxidative defense systemmight determine the difference of the oxidative defense capacity between both cultivars in response to droughtstress during grain fi lling.
Pengaruh Pupuk Nitrogen dan Ethephon terhadap Pertumbuhan, Pembungaan dan Hasil Padi Lokal (Oryza sativa L. cv. Rojolele) Rachmawati, Diah; Maryani, Maryani; Setyaningsih, Tri
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 15, No 3 (2010): October 2010
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (557.851 KB) | DOI: 10.24002/biota.v15i3.2603

Abstract

Physiological studies on Rojolele rice were conducted after the application of nitrogen fertilizer and ethephon at different doses. Application of nitrogen fertilizer is one of the most important measurements to improve plant growth and yield of rice. Ethylene which has flowering initiate roles are induced by ethephon. The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of nitrogen fertilizer and ethephon on growth, flowering and yield of rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Rojolele). The experiment was carried out using Complete Randomized Design with 2 factors, which each factor consisted of four levels. The first factor was doses of urea as nitrogen source 0, 50, 100 and 150 kg ha-1. The second factor was doses of ethephon 0; 100; 200 and 400 mg l-1. Measured parameters were plant height, tiller number, plant biomass, root shoot ratio, flowering time, yield and grain size. The application of nitrogen fertilizer improved the plant growth of Rojolele rice. Plant height, tiller number, plant biomass, panicle length, and number of grains increased by the increasing doses of nitrogen, but this factor did not significantly affect on grain size. Ethephon application reduced plant height and delayed flowering time. However, it simultaneously increased tillers when compared at the same N dose. Interaction between nitrogen fertilizer and ethephon gave significantly effects on the plant height and number of grains per panicle, but there were no significant effect on the rice grain size.
Assessing Foliar Chlorophyll Content with SPAD-502 Chlorophyll Meter: A Comparison with Spectrophotometer Method in Various Plants Nurbaiti, Siti; Milasari, Asri Fajar; Wibowo, Wiko Arif; Nilamsari, Elvian Indah; Rachmawati, Diah
Jurnal Riset Biologi dan Aplikasinya Vol. 7 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26740/jrba.v7n1.p50-56

Abstract

Measuring chlorophyll content in plants is one of the main points that has never been ignored in various plant biology and agronomy research studies. Chlorophyll content is a parameter of growth and development, diagnosis of nutritional status, and response to environmental conditions. This study aimed to compare and determine the relationship between SPAD-502 chlorophyll meter readings and chlorophyll content obtained from acetone extraction followed by spectrophotometry measurement. Various leaves with different colors and thicknesses were used to determine the reliability of SPAD readings across diverse morphological traits. The results showed higher SPAD readings in leaves with a greener color. SPAD value was found to have a good linear relationship (r 0.8 and R2 0.64) and a positive correlation with total chlorophyll content, though variations due to leaf thickness suggest the need for correction factors. Furthermore, SPAD has potential as a rapid, non-destructive tool for monitoring plant health and nutrient status in agriculture, plant breeding, and horticulture. This tool can contribute to optimizing crop yield and managing fertilization practice, especially where the maintaining leaf integrity is essential for both commercial and aesthetic value. Species-specific calibration models are recommended to enhance measurement accuracy.
The Effect Nitrogen Fertilizer Application on the Resistance of Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. ‘Bligon’) against Drought Stress Rima Vegi Santika; Siti Nurbaiti; Putra, Sidiq Permana; Rachmawati, Diah
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.biotropika.2025.013.02.09

Abstract

Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) is a plant that has high economic value. Water availability is a challenge in cultivating tobacco plants. Drought can affect plant physiology, reducing the metabolic rate and productivity of tobacco plants. Urea fertilizer contains nitrogen as a macronutrient, which plays a role in vegetative growth and water absorption in drought stress. This research aims to study the resistance response of tobacco to varying conditions of water availability and nitrogen fertilizer application. The water availability treatment provided includes 100%, 75% and 50% of the field capacity. Variations in the dose of nitrogen fertilizer were 0.6 g; 1.2 g; and 1.8 g/polybag. This research was conducted using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The parameters measured were resistance responses including H?O? content and antioxidant enzyme activity such as SOD, CAT, and APX. The results showed that the more severe the drought, the higher the H?O?  levels. The plant resistance mechanism is indicated by the activity of the antioxidant enzymes SOD, CAT, and APX, despite the fluctuating values observed during the experimental period. The application of nitrogen fertilizer at doses of 0.6 g, 1.2 g, and 1.8 g/polybag showed no significant differences in the physiological responses of the plants. As a result, a dose of 0.6 g/polybag can be recommended as an agronomically and economically efficient.
Respons Fisiologis Tembakau (Nicotiana tabacum L. ‘Bligon’) dengan Pemberian Pupuk Nitrogen pada Kondisi Kekeringan Majidah, Salma Nur; Nurbaiti, Siti; Rachmawati, Diah
Vegetalika Vol 14, No 3 (2025): In Publish
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/veg.106749

Abstract

Tobacco is an important agricultural commodity in Indonesia, but it is vulnerable to drought due to climate change. This study aimed to analyze the physiological response of tobacco plants (Nicotiana tabacum L. 'Bligon') to nitrogen fertilizer application under drought conditions. The experiment was arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design with a combination of three urea fertilizer doses (0.6; 1.2; 1.8 g/ 5 kg of growing media) and three levels of field capacity levels (100; 75; 50%). Each treatment combines three replications. Parameters observed included plant growth and physiological traits, and the data were analyzed using analysis of variance followed by Duncan’s test at a 5% significance level. The results showed that nitrogen application significantly affected the physiological response of tobacco plant under drought conditions. The 0.6 g nitrogen dose showed a low effect on physiological and growth parameters. The 1.2 g doses moderately increased carotenoids and membrane stability index (MSI). While 1.8 g significantly improved chlorophyll, MSI, and growth parameters. These results indicate a positive correlation between physiological responses and increasing urea doses.
Co-Authors Kumala Dewi Majidah, Salma Nur Maryani Maryani Milasari, Asri Fajar Nilamsari, Elvian Indah Putra, Sidiq Permana Refli Rima Vegi Santika Siti Nurbaiti Sukarti Muljopawiro, Sukarti Tri Setyaningsih Wibowo, Wiko Arif