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All Journal Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vegetalika Biota: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Biotropika Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Jurnal Riset Biologi dan Aplikasinya Bioscientist : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Prosiding University Research Colloquium
DIAH RACHMAWATI
Staf Pengajar Fakultas Biologi UGM
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Computer Science & IT Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Social Sciences

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Expression analysis of antioxidant genes in response to drought stress in the fl ag leaf of two Indonesian rice cultivars R, Refli; Muljopawiro, Sukarti; Dewi, Kumala; Rachmawati, Diah
Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Vol 19, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (279.254 KB)

Abstract

The objective of this study was to analysis the expression of antioxidant genes in response to droughtstress in Indonesian rice. The malondialdehyde (MDA) content and the expression of Cu-ZnSod1, cCu-ZnSod2,MnSod1, cApxa, cApxb, chl-sApx, Cat1, Cat2, Cat3, Gr1, Gr2, and Gr3 genes were assayed in the rice fl ag leaf ofCiherang and Situ Bagendit cultivars subjected to control, mild and severe drought during the grain fi llingphase. Increase in MDA content of Ciherang treated to mild and severe drought was almost two-fold andthree-fold respectively, while MDA content in Situ Bagendit subjected to mild and severe drought increasedapproximately one-fold and two-fold as compared to the control. The semi quantitative reverse transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction (sqRT-PCR) analysis showed that the expression of cCu-ZnSod1, MnSod1, Cat2, Gr3genes of Ciherang, and cCu-ZnSod2, MnSod1, cApxa, cApxb, chl-sAPX, Cat2 and Gr1 genes of Situ Bagendit increasedin fl ag leaf of plant treated to drought. Expressions of cApxb, chl-sApx, Cat3 of Ciherang and Cu-ZnSod1 and Gr2genes of Situ Bagendit were not changed signifi cantly by drought stress. Decreased expression was shownby cCu-ZnSod2, cApxa, Cat1, Gr1 and Gr2 genes of Ciherang, and Cat1, Cat3 and Gr3 genes of Situ Bagendit. Theresults indicated that the activity of oxidative defense was regulated by four genes; cCu-ZnSod1, MnSod1, Cat2,Gr3 in Ciherang, and eight genes; cCu-ZnSod1, cCu-ZnSod2, MnSod1, cApxa, cApxb, chl-sApx, Cat2 and Gr1 in SituBagendit. Therefore, differences in the number of antioxidant genes controlling oxidative defense systemmight determine the difference of the oxidative defense capacity between both cultivars in response to droughtstress during grain fi lling.
Pengaruh Pupuk Nitrogen dan Ethephon terhadap Pertumbuhan, Pembungaan dan Hasil Padi Lokal (Oryza sativa L. cv. Rojolele) Rachmawati, Diah; Maryani, Maryani; Setyaningsih, Tri
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 15, No 3 (2010): October 2010
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (557.851 KB) | DOI: 10.24002/biota.v15i3.2603

Abstract

Physiological studies on Rojolele rice were conducted after the application of nitrogen fertilizer and ethephon at different doses. Application of nitrogen fertilizer is one of the most important measurements to improve plant growth and yield of rice. Ethylene which has flowering initiate roles are induced by ethephon. The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of nitrogen fertilizer and ethephon on growth, flowering and yield of rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Rojolele). The experiment was carried out using Complete Randomized Design with 2 factors, which each factor consisted of four levels. The first factor was doses of urea as nitrogen source 0, 50, 100 and 150 kg ha-1. The second factor was doses of ethephon 0; 100; 200 and 400 mg l-1. Measured parameters were plant height, tiller number, plant biomass, root shoot ratio, flowering time, yield and grain size. The application of nitrogen fertilizer improved the plant growth of Rojolele rice. Plant height, tiller number, plant biomass, panicle length, and number of grains increased by the increasing doses of nitrogen, but this factor did not significantly affect on grain size. Ethephon application reduced plant height and delayed flowering time. However, it simultaneously increased tillers when compared at the same N dose. Interaction between nitrogen fertilizer and ethephon gave significantly effects on the plant height and number of grains per panicle, but there were no significant effect on the rice grain size.
Assessing Foliar Chlorophyll Content with SPAD-502 Chlorophyll Meter: A Comparison with Spectrophotometer Method in Various Plants Nurbaiti, Siti; Milasari, Asri Fajar; Wibowo, Wiko Arif; Nilamsari, Elvian Indah; Rachmawati, Diah
Jurnal Riset Biologi dan Aplikasinya Vol. 7 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26740/jrba.v7n1.p50-56

Abstract

Measuring chlorophyll content in plants is one of the main points that has never been ignored in various plant biology and agronomy research studies. Chlorophyll content is a parameter of growth and development, diagnosis of nutritional status, and response to environmental conditions. This study aimed to compare and determine the relationship between SPAD-502 chlorophyll meter readings and chlorophyll content obtained from acetone extraction followed by spectrophotometry measurement. Various leaves with different colors and thicknesses were used to determine the reliability of SPAD readings across diverse morphological traits. The results showed higher SPAD readings in leaves with a greener color. SPAD value was found to have a good linear relationship (r 0.8 and R2 0.64) and a positive correlation with total chlorophyll content, though variations due to leaf thickness suggest the need for correction factors. Furthermore, SPAD has potential as a rapid, non-destructive tool for monitoring plant health and nutrient status in agriculture, plant breeding, and horticulture. This tool can contribute to optimizing crop yield and managing fertilization practice, especially where the maintaining leaf integrity is essential for both commercial and aesthetic value. Species-specific calibration models are recommended to enhance measurement accuracy.
The Effect Nitrogen Fertilizer Application on the Resistance of Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. ‘Bligon’) against Drought Stress Rima Vegi Santika; Siti Nurbaiti; Putra, Sidiq Permana; Rachmawati, Diah
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.biotropika.2025.013.02.09

Abstract

Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) is a plant that has high economic value. Water availability is a challenge in cultivating tobacco plants. Drought can affect plant physiology, reducing the metabolic rate and productivity of tobacco plants. Urea fertilizer contains nitrogen as a macronutrient, which plays a role in vegetative growth and water absorption in drought stress. This research aims to study the resistance response of tobacco to varying conditions of water availability and nitrogen fertilizer application. The water availability treatment provided includes 100%, 75% and 50% of the field capacity. Variations in the dose of nitrogen fertilizer were 0.6 g; 1.2 g; and 1.8 g/polybag. This research was conducted using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The parameters measured were resistance responses including H?O? content and antioxidant enzyme activity such as SOD, CAT, and APX. The results showed that the more severe the drought, the higher the H?O?  levels. The plant resistance mechanism is indicated by the activity of the antioxidant enzymes SOD, CAT, and APX, despite the fluctuating values observed during the experimental period. The application of nitrogen fertilizer at doses of 0.6 g, 1.2 g, and 1.8 g/polybag showed no significant differences in the physiological responses of the plants. As a result, a dose of 0.6 g/polybag can be recommended as an agronomically and economically efficient.
Respons Fisiologis Tembakau (Nicotiana tabacum L. ‘Bligon’) dengan Pemberian Pupuk Nitrogen pada Kondisi Kekeringan Majidah, Salma Nur; Nurbaiti, Siti; Rachmawati, Diah
Vegetalika Vol 14, No 3 (2025): In Publish
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/veg.106749

Abstract

Tobacco is an important agricultural commodity in Indonesia, but it is vulnerable to drought due to climate change. This study aimed to analyze the physiological response of tobacco plants (Nicotiana tabacum L. 'Bligon') to nitrogen fertilizer application under drought conditions. The experiment was arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design with a combination of three urea fertilizer doses (0.6; 1.2; 1.8 g/ 5 kg of growing media) and three levels of field capacity levels (100; 75; 50%). Each treatment combines three replications. Parameters observed included plant growth and physiological traits, and the data were analyzed using analysis of variance followed by Duncan’s test at a 5% significance level. The results showed that nitrogen application significantly affected the physiological response of tobacco plant under drought conditions. The 0.6 g nitrogen dose showed a low effect on physiological and growth parameters. The 1.2 g doses moderately increased carotenoids and membrane stability index (MSI). While 1.8 g significantly improved chlorophyll, MSI, and growth parameters. These results indicate a positive correlation between physiological responses and increasing urea doses.
Pengaruh Diet Dash (Dietary Approach To Stop Hypertension) Terhadap Penurunan Tekanan Darah Pada Penderita Hipertensi: Studi Literatur Rachmawati, Diah; Sintowati, Retno; Lestari, Nining; Agustina, Tri
Prosiding University Research Colloquium Proceeding of The 13th University Research Colloquium 2021: Kesehatan dan MIPA
Publisher : Konsorsium Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Perguruan Tinggi Muhammadiyah 'Aisyiyah (PTMA) Koordinator Wilayah Jawa Tengah - DIY

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Abstract

Hipertensi merupakan peningkatan tekanan darah sistolik ?140 mmHg dan diastolik ?90 mmHg. Hipertensi disebut silent disease dimana penderita hipertensi tidak menyadari akan menderita tekanan darah tinggi, yang dapat mengakibatkan kondisi komplikasi. Tekanan darah dapat terkontrol dengan cara modifikasi gaya hidup diet DASH (Dietary Approach To Stop Hypertension). Diet DASH merupakan pola makan yang kaya akan sayuran, buah-buahan, produk susu tanpa lemak atau rendah lemak, biji-bijian, ikan, unggas, kacang-kacangan dan sedikit natrium, makanan manis, gula, lemak, dan daging merah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh diet DASH terhadap penurunan tekanan darah pada penderita hipertensi. Desain penelitian menggunakan metode narrative review dan sampel penelitian didapatkan dari pencarian secara daring menggunakan database Google Scholar dan Pubmed. Hasil penelitian terdapat 21.687 artikel yang ditemukan diekslusi sesuai kriteria retriksi, didapatkan 6 artikel penelitian yang direview. Dari hasil semua penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan diet DASH pada pasien hipertensi dapat menurunkan tekanan darah sistolik dan diastolik. Simpulan diet DASH ini sangat mampu untuk menurunkan tekanan darah pada pasien hipertensi.
Pengaruh Osmopriming Benih terhadap Perkecambahan dan Pertumbuhan Tanaman Cabai Rawit (Capsicum frutescens L.) pada Cekaman Kekeringan Novanursandy, Nikita Besty; Rachmawati, Diah
Bioscientist : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 11 No. 2 (2023): December
Publisher : Department of Biology Education, FSTT, Mandalika University of Education, Indonesia.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33394/bioscientist.v11i2.8151

Abstract

Cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.) is a commodity that often experiences price fluctuations due to a decrease in the supply of cayenne pepper amidst a large market demand. One of the factors causing the decrease in the supply of cayenne pepper is the environmental conditions that experience drought stress during the dry season. Osmopriming of seeds is one method that can be used to overcome drought stress. This study aims to determine the effect of osmopriming seeds using PEG 6000 on the germination and growth of cayenne pepper plants on drought stress. This study was experimental using a completely randomized design, with 2 treatment factors and 3 replications. The first factor was the application of priming at three concentration levels: P0 (0% PEG), P1 (12.5% PEG), and P2 (25% PEG). The second factor was drought stress treatment which consisted of 3 levels, namely: K1 (100% field capacity), K2 (75% field capacity), and K3 (50% field capacity). Data analysis used univariate analysis of variance and followed by DMRT (Duncan's Multiple Range Test) advanced testing with α = 0.05. The results showed that the application of 25% PEG priming gave the most optimal results on the performance of germination and growth of cayenne pepper plants, such as plant height, root length, root fresh weight, shoot fresh weight, root dry weight, and shoot fresh weight.
Pengaruh Larutan Hara dan Pupuk Organik Cair Urin Kelinci terhadap Pertumbuhan Pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.) pada Teknik Hidroponik Iqlima, Selesa; Rachmawati, Diah
Bioscientist : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 11 No. 2 (2023): December
Publisher : Department of Biology Education, FSTT, Mandalika University of Education, Indonesia.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33394/bioscientist.v11i2.8957

Abstract

The demand for pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.) a nutritious vegetable is increasing without being balanced due to the limited of agricultural land. The Wick system hydroponic cultivation technique can be a solution to increase pakcoy productivity. AB mix hydroponic nutrient solution is difficult to reach because it is expensive and has a negative impact on plants. It can be combined with rabbit urine LOF to provide essential nutrients for plants. This research aims to determine the effect of the combination of AB mix with LOF rabbit urine on the growth of pakcoy plants. The research design is CRD, 1 factor, 8 treatments, and 3 replications. Treatments include A1P0=AB mix 100% +0mL/L LOF rabbit urine, A1P1=AB mix 100% + 1mL/L LOF rabbit urine, A1P2=AB mix 100%+2mL/L LOF rabbit urine, A1P3=AB mix 100% +3 mL LOF rabbit urine, A2P0=AB mix 75%+0mL LOF rabbit urine, A2P1=AB mix 75%+1mL/L LOF rabbit urine, A2P2=AB mix 75%+2mL/L LOF rabbit urine, and A2P3=AB mix 75%+3mL/L L of rabbit urine.The addition of rabbit LOF gave the best results with AIP3 treatment on growth parameters, plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, fresh weight of shoots, and roots, dry weight of shoots and roots, respectively 27.41 ± 1.44 cm, 17.33 ± 0.95 pieces 632.89±228.20cm2, 61.88±13.42g, 1.648±0.374g, 3.132±0.614g, and 0.101±0.021g. The essential nutrient content of rabbit urine LOF increases the availability of internal nutrients which are influenced by metabolism, absorption capacity, water and sunlight.
Pengaruh Larutan Hara dan Eco Enzyme terhadap Pertumbuhan Sawi Hijau (Brassica juncea L.) pada Sistem Hidroponik Jasmine, Nataya Annisa; Rachmawati, Diah
Bioscientist : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 12 No. 1 (2024): June
Publisher : Department of Biology Education, FSTT, Mandalika University of Education, Indonesia.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33394/bioscientist.v12i1.9312

Abstract

Limited agricultural land has caused a decline in the productivity of green mustard (Brassica juncea L.) as one of the nutritious vegetables that is widely consumed by the public. Cultivating vegetables using a hydroponic wick system is a solution to increase the productivity of green mustard. The expensive price of nutrient solutions can be combined with eco enzymes as a provider of essential nutrients for plants. This research aims to determine the effect of the combination of AB mix with eco enzyme on the growth of green mustard. The research was designed with RAL, 8 treatments, and 3 replications. Treatments include A1E0=AB mix 100%+0mL/L eco enzyme, A1E1=AB mix 100%+1mL/L eco enzyme, A1E2=AB mix 100%+2mL/L eco enzyme, A1E3=AB mix 100%+3mL eco enzyme, A2E0=AB mix 75%+0mL eco enzyme, A2E1=AB mix 75%+1mL/L eco enzyme, A2E2=AB mix 75%+2mL/L eco enzyme, and A2E3=AB mix 75%+3mL/L eco enzyme. The parameters measured were plant height, number of leaves, wet weight of roots and shoots, dry weight of roots and shoots, and leaf area. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance and DMRT testing with α=0.05. The combination of AB mix with eco enzyme had no effect on plant height, number and area of leaves, and wet weight of roots and shoots. However, the highest dry weight of roots and shoots in the A2E2 treatment showed significantly different results from the control treatment (A2E0). Eco enzymes act as nutrient substitutes which are influenced by sunlight, plant metabolism and water absorption capacity.
Potensi Abu Sekam Padi untuk Meningkatkan Ketahanan Oksidatif Non-enzimatik dan Produksi Padi Merah pada Cekaman Kekeringan Rachmawati, Diah; Mona Monika, Ni Luh Gde; Masruroh, dan Ulfatul
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 46 No. 1 (2018): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (68.755 KB) | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v46i1.13205

Abstract

Drought inhibits several physiological process and induces oxidative stress due to the enhanced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) mainly in photosynthetic apparatus. Silicon (Si) is known to increase tolerance of rice against drought stress.  However, long period of intensive crop cultivation depleted the available soil Si by approximately 11-20%. Rice husk ash (RHA) is potential Si source. The objective of this research was to analyze the potency of RHA through pot experiment to observe: 1) internal water balanced; 2) integrity of cell membrane and  antioxidant content; and 3) production of tolerant cultivar ‘Segreng’ and sensitive one ‘Cempo merah’. Application of RHA was at level of 0, 4, and 8 tons ha-1. Drought stress was imposed by with holding water until soil water content reached 50% of field capacity (moderate stress) and 25% of field capacity (severe stress). Application of RHA significantly increased leaf relative water content and membrane stability index of rice ‘Segreng’ and ‘Cempo merah’. Tolerant cultivar ‘Segreng’ had better response than ‘Cempo merah’ as shown by greater leaf relative water content under moderate and severe stress. RHA application at level of 8 tons ha-1 increased index of membrane stability and level of antioxidant (AAred and α-tocopherol) which determine production of both rice ‘Segreng’ and ‘Cempo merah’ during drought.Keywords: antioxidant, field capacity, membrane stability, segreng cultivar, α-tocopherol
Co-Authors Ardadi, Maharani Pratiwi Salsabila BUDI SETIADI DARYONO Hayya, Nina Fadia Iqlima, Selesa Jasmine, Nataya Annisa Kumala Dewi Lestari, Nining Majidah, Salma Nur Maryani Maryani Masruroh, dan Ulfatul Milasari, Asri Fajar Mona Monika, Ni Luh Gde Nilamsari, Elvian Indah Novanursandy, Nikita Besty Putra, Sidiq Permana Putri Renata, Nellis Nadinda Refli Retno Sintowati - Rima Vegi Santika Siti Nurbaiti Sukarti Muljopawiro, Sukarti Tri Agustina, Tri Tri Setyaningsih Wibowo, Wiko Arif