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All Journal Journal of Agromedicine and Medical Sciences Smart Medical Journal Jurnal Respirologi Indonesia Jurnal Respirasi (JR) Journal of the Indonesian Medical Association : Majalah Kedokteran Indonesia Respiratory Science
Isbaniah, Fathiyah
Departemen Pulmonologi Dan Kedokteran Respirasi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia-RS Persahabatan, Jakarta
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Education Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Journal : Jurnal Respirasi (JR)

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Bronchial Artery Embolization in Hemoptysis Audina, Dea Putri; Isbaniah, Fathiyah; Soehardiman, Dicky; Darwis, Andi; Amien, Bagus Radityo
Jurnal Respirasi Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025): May 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jr.v11-I.2.2025.174-182

Abstract

Hemoptysis, characterized by bleeding from the lower airways, is classified as mild, moderate, or massive, with massive hemoptysis carrying a mortality rate of 6.5–38%. Tuberculosis (TB) remains the most common cause globally. Management strategies include invasive and noninvasive options, with bronchial artery embolization (BAE) emerging as a cornerstone of noninvasive treatment since its introduction in the 1970s. Bronchial artery embolization provides rapid bleeding control and high success rates for both short- and long-term outcomes. Despite these advantages, recurrence rates range widely from 10–55%, often due to incomplete embolization, vessel recanalization, and collateral vessel development. The procedure employs embolic agents such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) particles, gelatin sponges, and tris-acryl gelatin microspheres, with minimal complications such as spinal cord infarction or broncho-esophageal fistulas. Diagnostic tools like computed tomography (CT) and bronchoscopy complement BAE by localizing the bleeding sites, stabilizing the airway, and aiding in definitive management. Bronchoscopy serves diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, employing techniques such as vasoconstrictor instillation, laser therapy, and balloon tamponade to control bleeding. Bronchial artery embolization is particularly effective for patients with life-threatening or recurrent hemoptysis who are unsuitable for surgery, often acting as a bridge to elective interventions. This literature review highlighted the pathophysiology, diagnostic modalities, BAE techniques, outcomes, and challenges involved in managing hemoptysis, emphasizing the role of BAE as a vital, minimally invasive therapeutic option.
Co-Authors Agus Dwi Susanto Agustin, Heidy Amien, Bagus Radityo Aria Kekalih Astrid Mariam Khairani Siregar Audina, Dea Putri Brayanna Infinita Laviashna Saputro Budhi Antariksa Darwis, Andi Dewi Yenita Diah Handayani Diah Handayani Dwi Rendra Hadi Erlina Burhan Faisal Yunus Faisal Yunus Flora Ekasari Ginindha Izzati Sabila Herman Mulijadi Indah S. Widyahening Ismulat Rahmawati Lily Indriani Octovia Muammar Emir Ananta Muhamad Rizqy Fadhillah Muhammad Ilham Dhiya Rakasiwi Murniati Murniati Putra, Andika Chandra Raden Ena Sarikencana Ratnawati Ratnawati Retno Wibawanti Ririn Astuty Ningsih Samoedro, Erlang Sinabutar, Klara Sita Laksmi Andarini Sita Laksmi Andarini Soehardiman, Dicky Tomu Juliani Triya Damayanti Triya Damayanti Wahyu Aniwidyaningsih Widianto, Eri Zaini, Jamal