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All Journal Brawijaya Law Journal : Journal of Legal Studies International Journal of Business, Law, and Education YURISDIKSI : Jurnal Wacana Hukum dan Sains Indonesian Journal of International Law NEGREI: Academic Journal of Law and Governance Ta'zir: Jurnal Hukum Pidana Begawan Abioso RechtJiva
Patricia Audrey Ruslijanto
Universitas Brawijaya
Religion Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Health Professions Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Neuroscience Social Sciences Other

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Transforming Landscapes: How ODR reshaping the prospect of dispute settlement in a connected world Ruslijanto, Patricia Audrey
Indonesian Journal of International Law
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (324.26 KB)

Abstract

The existence of law and culture has bring significant forces to human life, since them both shaping and influencing the emergence of values and norms in communities and societies. The restless development of human history has forged law in dynamic relation with culture, resulted in changing laws, values and practices. Beyond politics, present life is also bringing fresh challenges for law and culture globally, such as: the increased use of technology in law and human life. One of the big leap issue is the changing in the culture of trade, which shifted to non-face-to face or e commerce, which offer easiness and practicality in conduct trade regardless the non-barrier border. Indeed, there is still a lack of effective legal regimes and processes capable to meet the needs of globalization. The increased possibilities to access information, to form online relationships, and to conclude online transactions have introduced a new dimension of legal conflicts, which is electronic disputes. Regarding this issue, the needs of effective dispute settlement, which is “fitting to the forum”, is necessary, and online dispute resolution (ODR) is the answer. Therefore this paper aims to find how ODR reshaping the prospect of dispute settlement and what obstacle may be faced by the implementation of ODR. The method use in this paper is juridical normative with conceptual approach, statute approach and comparative approach. The result of this paper show that ODR able to reshape the prospect of dispute settlement, since it may offer fairness by providing transparent system of negotiation, trust in content offer by ODR system and security develop in ODR system in the process of dispute settlement. Meanwhile, there are also obstacles that may face by ODR, which are technology issue and local culture issue, which means the acceptance of ODR practice in society, especially when applied to developing country.
Validity of Digital Signature as Evidence in Electronic Commerce Ruslijanto, Patricia Audrey
Indonesian Journal of International Law
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Trade is a way to promote economy, recognized that trade is important, urge the emergence of new trading concept. Electronic Commerce is the succumbed attendance of faceless trading. Alongside the development of technology, crimes also develop rapidly. Cyber crime is the type of crime in the virtual world. Recognized this problem, the appearance of security system in cryptography is well developed. Digital Signature is the manifestation of cryptography in asymmetric cryptosystem. Ironically well problem solving of this condition is not entails with its position as evidence in electronic contract. In evidence law, the presence of digital signature is approved as evidence in electronic commerce. It based on the equality of hash function. The validity of digital signature also approved as evidence in electronic commerce based on the approval of art. 11 Law No 11/2008 on Information and Electronic Transaction, which emphasize the legal position of digital signature as valid evidence in electronic commerce. Considering the constraints that arise in digital signature verification divided into Non juridical consist of technology and cultural obstacle. In case a dispute occurs either in transnational area, the jurisdiction that used in cyberspace area need precise principles rooted from the principle of international law. These principles are: subjective, objective territoriality, passive nationality, protective principle and universality interest jurisdiction, theory of the law of the server and theory of international space.
UN Security Council Resolutions in the Legal System: Lesson Learned from Singapore Kurniaty, Rika; Widagdo, Setyo; Ruslijanto, Patricia Audrey; Suryokumoro, Herman
Brawijaya Law Journal Vol. 9 No. 1 (2022): International Law and Security
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.blj.2022.009.01.03

Abstract

United Nations (UN) Security Council (UNSC) resolutions (UNSCRs) are adopted by a vote of the five permanent members and ten non-permanent members of the UNSC. Each UNSCR is understood to be part of the “primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security” of the UN. The Indonesian government has been encouraged by various parties to make a legal instrument that would enforce the UNSCRs. Such an instrument would serve to bridge and reduce gaps in the rule of law regarding the enforcement of UNSCRs for nations. However, the government of Indonesia faces several challenges in implementing legal instruments for the UNSCRs. This article maintains that it is crucial to study accommodative policies regarding the national enforcement of UNSCRs by considering the example of Singapore. Singapore has special laws that respond to UNSCRs (The UN Act Chapter 339-UN Act). UN Act 339 is the legal umbrella in Singapore for the government’s implementation of UNSCRs. The UN Act is also an attempt by the Singaporean government to carry out its international obligations to the United Nations.
Cybersquatting Actions on Domain Name Trademark Rights as the Internet Web Maulidi, Thoriq Jinan; Sugiri, Bambang; Ruslijanto, Patricia Audrey
Tazir Vol 8 No 2 (2024): Ta'zir: Jurnal Hukum Pidana
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Fatah Palembang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19109/tazir.v8i2.25573

Abstract

In this ever-evolving digital era, domain names have become a valuable asset for organizations, trademarks and individuals. A domain name is not only an online address, but also an identity that reflects a brand image and facilitates communication and interaction in the internet world. However, the practice of cybersquatting has become a serious threat to trademark owners and the stability of the internet ecosystem. Currently domain names are regulated in articles 23 and 24 of the ITE Law, but these articles do not explain dispute resolution. Then it is also regulated in the MIG Law. This study uses the dogmatic research method and also uses the case approach method, laws and also a comparison of legal systems. The results of this study are that the holder of the rights to the first registering domain name trademark must have a legal protection regulated in Law Number 20 of 2016 concerning Marks and Geographical Indications. Domain name violations related to brands are the duty of PANDI (Indonesian Domain Name Manager). Furthermore, regarding the dispute that occurred above. The parties can resolve it through 2 channels, namely through litigation and also through non-litigation. Where if the parties choose the non-litigation route, it can be done through PPDN (Domain Name Dispute Settlement) formed by PANDI and can also go through arbitration which according to both parties can resolve this dispute properly
The Urgency of Regulating the Measure of Violation in Terms of Sanctioning Notary Iman, Zenza Bronica; Ruslijanto, Patricia Audrey; Jauharoh, Arini
NEGREI: Academic Journal of Law and Governance Vol. 4 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri Curup

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29240/negrei.v4i2.11406

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the urgency of legal ambiguity in determining the benchmark for imposing sanctions on notaries based on the Law on Notary Positions (UUJN). The UUJN regulates various sanctions for notaries who violate the law but does not provide clear guidelines regarding the criteria for imposing sanctions. This results in legal uncertainty and inconsistency in the enforcement of sanctions, as evidenced by the different sanctions imposed on two notaries, DS and MI, despite their similar violations. This research employs a normative juridical method with a statutory approach and a case approach. The results show that the ambiguity of norms in the UUJN has the potential to cause injustice in the enforcement of sanctions, as well as disrupt legal certainty and the integrity of the notary profession. In conclusion, a revision of the UUJN or the addition of supplementary regulations that include clearer and more proportional benchmarks for sanctioning is necessary. This will ensure justice and consistency in the application of sanctions, as well as uphold the integrity of the notary profession
Prevention of Cyberbullying Against Children from the Aspect of Criminology Abdillah, Ahmad Yusron; Madjid, Abdul; Ruslijanto, Patricia Audrey
International Journal of Business, Law, and Education Vol. 5 No. 1 (2024): International Journal of Business, Law, and Education
Publisher : IJBLE Scientific Publications Community Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56442/ijble.v5i1.587

Abstract

Bullying is happening all around us, even in schools and colleges. schools and colleges. Cases of cyberbullying in Indonesia are very high. Criminology can also be referred to as the sociology of criminals as this field is concerned with human with human learning that goes against social norms. Legal regulation of cyberbullying criminal offense of cyberbullying in Indonesia contained in the Criminal Code and outside the Criminal Code, namely Undang-Undang No.11 Tahun 2008 About Electronic Information and Transactions which has been updated with Undang-Undang No. 1 Tahun 2024. The cause of children committing cyberbullying is the influence of the child's socialization that normalizes the act, prevention strategies for cyberbullying.normalizing these actions, the appropriate prevention strategy is to supervise children's socialization and provide understanding that cyberbullying is a bad act and can be charged with criminal sanctions. and can be charged with criminal sanctions.
Comparative Study of Legal Regulations on Cannabis in the Netherlands with Indonesia Rais, Muh Irham; Sulistyo, Faizin; Ruslijanto, Patricia Audrey
International Journal of Business, Law, and Education Vol. 5 No. 2 (2024): International Journal of Business, Law, and Education
Publisher : IJBLE Scientific Publications Community Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56442/ijble.v5i2.823

Abstract

Cannabis as a plant that has the potential for medical use, has attracted the attention of various countries in regulating its laws. This study aims to conduct a comparison between the legal regulation of cannabis in the Netherlands and Indonesia, especially in the context of medical utilization. The global paradigm shift towards the use of cannabis for medical purposes is one of the driving factors to understand the differences and similarities in legal approaches between the two countries. Using a comparative analysis method, this study identifies significant differences in the approach to cannabis regulation between the two countries and analyzes the urgency of legal reform in Indonesia. Factors such as patient safety, the development of medical research, and the Netherlands' experience in implementing medical cannabis regulation are important points for consideration of legal reform in Indonesia. The results of this study are expected to contribute to the discussion of legal reform in Indonesia regarding the medical use of marijuana. The conclusions and recommendations generated from this study are expected to be a foothold for wise decision-making in formulating legal policies related to cannabis in order to increase its utilization in the medical field in Indonesia.
Urgensi Pembentukan Regulasi Batas Usia Minimum Anak Dalam Mengoperasikan Media Sosial Sebagai Upaya Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Anak di Indonesia Abdillah, Ahmad Yusron; Madjid, Abdul; Ruslijanto, Patricia Audrey
Begawan Abioso Vol. 14 No. 2 (2023): Begawan Abioso
Publisher : Magister Ilmu Hukum, Universitas Krisnadwipayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37893/abioso.v14i2.779

Abstract

Menurut data BPS tahun 2021, sebagian besar anak Indonesia yang berusia lima tahun ke atas telah menggunakan media sosial di internet. Persentasenya mencapai 88,99%. Media sosial penuh dengan perilaku terlarang yang membahayakan anak-anak. Pemerintah harus terlibat dalam perlindungan anak dengan menegakkan hukum yang memberikan batasan usia dalam penggunaan media sosial oleh anak-anak. Jenis penelitian ini adalah yuridis normatif, bahan hukumnya terdiri atas buku-buku dan undang-undang yang berkaitan dengan masalah hukum, strategi penelitiannya meliputi pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach) dan pendekatan perbandingan (comparative approach). Indonesia saat ini belum memiliki peraturan mengenai usia minimum anak yang boleh mengakses media sosial, namun Amerika Serikat sudah memiliki peraturan yang disebut dengan COPPA Rule. Karena aktivitas kriminal di media sosial dapat membahayakan anak-anak, pemerintah Indonesia harus segera memberlakukan undang-undang mengenai usia minimum di mana anak-anak dapat mengakses platform ini.
The Urgency of Obligation To Establish A Legal Entity For Foreign Over-The-Top (OTT) Service In Indonesia Ibadi, Mohamad; Sukarmi; Ruslijanto, Patricia Audrey
YURISDIKSI : Jurnal Wacana Hukum dan Sains Vol. 21 No. 3 (2025): December
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Merdeka University Surabaya, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55173/yurisdiksi.v21i3.331

Abstract

This study evaluates the effectiveness and legal urgency of requiring foreign Over-the-Top (OTT) service providers to establish a legal entity in Indonesia. The existing regulatory framework—comprising the Income Tax Law, the Harmonization of Tax Regulations Law, and Circular Letter No. 3/2016—remains limited and has not fully adapted to digital economic realities, particularly the principle of significant economic presence. Using a normative juridical method combined with Economic Analysis of Law, this study finds that foreign OTT operations have created legal uncertainty due to regulatory fragmentation, lack of physical presence requirements, and weak enforceability. Comparative analysis with the U.S. economic nexus model demonstrates the need for Indonesia to shift towards digital presence–based taxation. The study concludes that harmonizing tax, communications, and trade regulations—supported by risk‑based and adaptive digital governance—is essential to strengthening fiscal justice, consumer protection, and national digital sovereignty.
The Urgency in Legal Protection Of The Internment in Non-International Armed Conflict Between The Ethiopian Government and The Tigray People’s Liberation Front Ningtyas, Ika; Putri, Maheswari Trinanda; Rachmawati, Yasniar; Susanto, Fransiska A.; Ruslijanto, Patricia Audrey
Indonesian Journal of International Law
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

The issue of a legal vacuum in international humanitarian law related to administrative internment in non-international armed conflicts has been a concern addressed in Article 3 of the Geneva Convention and Articles 5-6 of Additional Protocol II. Due to this deficiency, many countries establish their domestic laws. One such example is the non-international armed conflict between the Ethiopian government and a non-state armed group, the Tigray People’s Liberation Front. The issue in this case began with the government's emergency statement for a six-month period, granting broad authority to arrest individuals based on “impossible judgment” and cooperation with a “terrorist group” without a judicial statement. This research aims to analyze the internment taking place in Ethiopia in accordance with the Proclamation of State of Emergency of Ethiopia Number 5 of 2021. The research employs normative-juridical methods, including statutory, case, and conceptual approaches. The results show that there are legal loopholes regarding internment in the non-international armed conflict, leading to arbitrary internment done by all parties involved in the armed conflict in Ethiopia. Therefore, a new concept is required to regulate the procedure of internment in international armed conflicts, aiming to realize legal protection for the prisoners. This procedure can refer to the existing regulations concerning internment in the case of international armed conflict within the international humanitarian law regime of Geneva Convention IV and the Internment Regulation in the international human rights law regime.
Co-Authors Abdillah, Ahmad Yusron Abdul Madjid Herlambang, Alyssa Herman Suryokumoro Hikmatul Ula Ibadi, Mohamad Iman, Zenza Bronica Jauharoh, Arini Kurniaty, Rika Maulidi, Thoriq Jinan Mrs. Ikaningtyas Ningtyas, Ika Putri, Maheswari Trinanda Rachmawati, Yasniar Rais, Muh Irham Ramadhani, Rona Almas Reka Dewantara Setyo Widagdo Sugiri, Bambang Sukarmi Sulistyo, Faizin Susanto, Fransiska A.