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Analisis Makna Tempat Kedudukan Virtual Office dalam Undang-Undang Perseroan Terbatas Makmun, Tasya Melia Valetiningtyas; Santoso, Budi; Kurniaty, Rika
Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan Vol 8, No 3 (2023): November 2023
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17977/um019v8i3p294-299

this study aimed at analyze the meaning of the location of a virtual office based on the Limited Liability Company Law. The research method used in this research is a normative juridical method with statutory approach and comparative approach. The domicile is a city or district within the territory of the Republic of Indonesia as determined in the Company’s articles of association. Includes a conventional office address owned by a Limited Liability Company which functions as a condition for establishing a Limited Liability Company as well as a correspondence address. Virtual offices are one of the impacts of the development of e-commerce. Virtual office is a solution for companies as a work space to carry out company activities online. The legal relationship related to virtual offices is civil with the service provider. The domicile in limited liability company law does not include virtual offices because there are very basic differences such as ownership of a virtual office which can be owned by more than one party.

Urban Green Space Regulation: Challenges to Water Resources Conservation in Indonesia and Australia Jundiani, Jundiani; Fadli, Moh.; Qurbani, Indah Dwi; Kurniaty, Rika; Hulwanullah, Hikam
Journal of Human Rights, Culture and Legal System Vol. 4 No. 1 (2024): Journal of Human Rights, Culture and Legal System
Publisher : Lembaga Contrarius Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53955/jhcls.v4i1.128

The escalating environmental crisis and pressing water resource conservation issues globally necessitate comprehensive research. This study investigates urban green space regulations and water resource conservation challenges in Indonesia and Australia. Employing a comparative analysis, it examines the legal frameworks, policies, and implementations in both countries. The research aims to identify innovative and sustainable strategies for water resource protection. Findings reveal substantial disparities in regulatory approaches, public involvement, and the integration of green technologies in green space management between the two nations. Indonesia needs help enhancing institutional capacity and integrating green space policies into urban planning, while Australia focuses on climate change adaptation and sustainable water resource management. The study advocates cross-sectoral collaboration and ecosystem principles in green space regulations for practical water conservation objectives. It contributes fresh perspectives on legal and policy frameworks for addressing water resource conservation challenges through urban green space management, offering recommendations for cohesive and sustainable policy development.

Greenhouse Salt Tunnel as Innovation to Create Salt Production in the South Coast Malang Regency, Indonesia Amin, Abd. Aziz; Yanuar, Adi Tiya; Kurniaty, Rika; Hakim, Lukman; Ardian, Gatot; Amenan, M.; Kurniawan, Andi
Jurnal Pembangunan dan Alam Lestari Vol. 14 No. 1 (2023): Jurnal Pembangunan dan Alam Lestari
Publisher : Postgraduate School of Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jpal.2023.014.01.03

Seawater is one of the potential resources in Indonesia. One of the commodities that can be produced from seawater is salt. Salt production in Indonesia is done mainly by evaporating seawater. However, weather problems are one of the obstacles to salt production. Alternative innovation to overcome weather problems in salt production is the Greenhouse Salt Tunnel (GST). The application of this innovation allows salt production to be carried out throughout the year. Most salt businesses in East Java are located on the north coast of East Java, while there is no salt production on the South Coast of East Java. One of the locations in East Java that can be used for salt production is the South Coast of Malang Regency. However, studies analyzing the need for innovation to create salt production in the South Coast of Malang Regency have never been reported. This study aimed to analyze the application of GST innovation to create salt production in the South Coast of Malang Regency. The methodologies were analyzing the suitability index of salt production sites, soil elevation analysis, wind direction and speed, and construction requirements for GST. The results show that Gajahrejo Village is very suitable for salt production. The salt production can be conducted using 12 GST constructions on a 2000 m2 area. According to the results of this study, salt production in the south coast area of Malang Regency can be created using the application of GST innovation. Keywords: aquatic resources, greenhouse salt tunnel, solar salts; south coast of Java, technology innovation

UN Security Council Resolutions in the Legal System: Lesson Learned from Singapore Kurniaty, Rika; Widagdo, Setyo; Ruslijanto, Patricia Audrey; Suryokumoro, Herman
Brawijaya Law Journal Vol. 9 No. 1 (2022): International Law and Security
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.blj.2022.009.01.03

United Nations (UN) Security Council (UNSC) resolutions (UNSCRs) are adopted by a vote of the five permanent members and ten non-permanent members of the UNSC. Each UNSCR is understood to be part of the “primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security” of the UN. The Indonesian government has been encouraged by various parties to make a legal instrument that would enforce the UNSCRs. Such an instrument would serve to bridge and reduce gaps in the rule of law regarding the enforcement of UNSCRs for nations. However, the government of Indonesia faces several challenges in implementing legal instruments for the UNSCRs. This article maintains that it is crucial to study accommodative policies regarding the national enforcement of UNSCRs by considering the example of Singapore. Singapore has special laws that respond to UNSCRs (The UN Act Chapter 339-UN Act). UN Act 339 is the legal umbrella in Singapore for the government’s implementation of UNSCRs. The UN Act is also an attempt by the Singaporean government to carry out its international obligations to the United Nations.

State Sovereignty and Humanitarian Assistance: Navigating the Tension in International Armed Conflicts Puspoayu, Elisabeth Septin; Widagdo, Setyo; Kusumaningrum, Adi; Kurniaty, Rika
International Law Discourse in Southeast Asia Vol 3 No 2 (2024): July-December, 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

This paper critically examines the intersection of state sovereignty and the provision of humanitarian assistance in the context of international armed conflicts, addressing a pressing and increasingly relevant issue in global legal discourse. While state sovereignty remains a cornerstone of international law, its application during armed conflict, especially regarding external humanitarian aid, raises complex questions of responsibility and intervention. Using a blend of primary and secondary legal sources, the study explores how sovereignty intersects with the state's obligations to protect and meet the needs of its citizens during conflict, in line with the theory of "responsible sovereignty." The research highlights the nuanced tension between a state's right to control its territory and its duty to ensure the welfare of its population, even in the midst of war. Despite the fundamental principle of sovereignty, states are bound by international norms to allow humanitarian assistance when their capacity to respond to crisis situations is overwhelmed, thereby preventing further human suffering. The study challenges the traditional view that external aid constitutes an infringement on sovereignty, instead arguing that the refusal of humanitarian assistance in times of need may violate international legal and moral obligations. This paper offers a novel perspective on sovereignty, proposing that in an era of global interconnectedness and humanitarian crises, responsible sovereignty should prioritize the protection of human life over rigid territorial control. The findings contribute to ongoing debates in international law, urging a rethinking of the state's role in conflict zones and the responsibility to allow external humanitarian aid in the face of dire need.

Analysis Of The Urgency Of Euthanasia Regulation In Indonesia Fadhila, Kharisma Wulan; Noerdajasakti, Setiawan; Kurniaty, Rika
International Journal Of Humanities Education and Social Sciences (IJHESS) Vol 4 No 3 (2024): IJHESS DECEMBER 2024
Publisher : CV. AFDIFAL MAJU BERKAH

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55227/ijhess.v4i3.1425

This study aims to discuss the urgency of regulating euthanasia in Indonesia. This study uses a type of normative legal research using research methods on laws and regulations, conceptual approaches and comparative legal approaches. The results of this study show that various arrangements for euthanasia in Indonesia are very embraced, to realize laws and regulations, not only in the field of criminal law, but also regulated in health law about euthanasia in accordance with the circumstances and situations that will occur in the future

Crisis of Sovereignty: Legal Challenges in Delivering Humanitarian Assistance to Conflict Zone Puspoayu, Elisabeth Septin; Widagdo , Setyo; Kusumaningrum, Adi; Kurniaty, Rika
Jurnal Suara Hukum Vol. 7 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Suara Hukum
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26740/jsh.v7n1.p1-22

The emergence of new actors as subjects of international law presents a new challenge in the application of humanitarian law. During armed conflict, the civilian population is not a party to the war and must therefore be protected. One of the forms of protection that must be applied is the provision of humanitarian assistance. The issue of the provision of humanitarian assistance in situations of armed conflict is contingent upon the concept of state sovereignty. This article will examine the relationship between humanitarian assistance and sovereignty, as well as the obstacles to state consent to provide humanitarian assistance in international armed conflicts. In order to address this issue, this article presents a comprehensive explanation based on a normative and case-specific approach to the legal framework governing corporations in international law, with a particular focus on humanitarian law. This article His research highlights the complex relationship between state sovereignty and humanitarian assistance in armed conflicts. Sovereignty obligates states to protect civilians, yet international law, particularly the Fourth Geneva Convention (1949), mandates the non-discriminatory provision of aid. When a state cannot or refuses to assist its population, it must permit external aid. Failure to do so may justify international intervention, balancing sovereignty with humanitarian imperatives.

Regulatory and Institutional Approach in Tackling Marine Plastic Pollution: The Practice of Indonesia Puspitawati, Dhiana; Susanto, Fransiska A.; Kurniaty, Rika; Kurniawan, Andi; Nursasmita, Muhammad Akbar; Mohd Rusli, Mohd Hazmi
Jurnal Suara Hukum Vol. 7 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Suara Hukum
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26740/jsh.v7n1.p23-67

Marine Plastic Pollution (MPP) is increasing at an alarming rate. It presses environmental crisis, posing significant threats to both marine ecosystem and biodiversity, as well as human health. While relevant international legal frameworks call for concerted global action, effective national law enforcement remains a crucial element in the fight against plastic waste. This research explores Indonesia’s practice in implementing existing international legal frameworks nationally to tackle MPP. Although Indonesia has made significant progress in establishing national laws that align with international legal frameworks, however, much remain to be done. This especially related to regulatory framework and law enforcement institutions. This paper highlights existing regulatory and institutional frameworks adopted by Indonesia and analyses key enforcement challenges faced by Indonesia in reducing MPP. It is argued that strengthening national enforcement mechanisms, fostering intergovernmental collaboration, and enhancing public-private partnerships are essential to curbing marine plastic pollution. Ultimately, the paper calls for a more robust, integrated approach that aligns national legal frameworks with global efforts to protect marine environments from further degradation.

The Paradigm of Water Justice in Water Resources Law and the Role of Family in the Sustainable Development Goals Framework: A Study in Malang Raya Jundiani, Jundiani; Fadli, Moh; Dwi Qurbani, Indah; Kurniaty, Rika; Zuhriah, Erfaniah
El-Usrah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025): EL-Usrah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/06zthp22

The paradigm of water justice in water resources law is crucial in realizing fair and sustainable access for the community. This study highlights the problems of inequality in water distribution due to privatization and the implementation of policies that have not fully supported vulnerable communities. This study focuses on the regulation of water resources law in Indonesia, especially Law No. 17 of 2019, and the contribution of families in supporting the principle of water justice within the framework of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The main questions answered in this study include how current regulations regulate water distribution and access, how effective they are in implementation in Malang Raya, and the role of families in supporting sustainable water management. This type of research is empirical juridical with a sociological juridical approach and an empirical legal approach. Data were obtained through legal document studies, interviews with stakeholders, and direct observation of water consumption and management patterns in local communities. The results show that although national regulations have established water as a public right, its implementation still faces challenges, including an imbalance of access between urban and rural areas, industrial dominance in the use of water resources, and weak community participation in policy processes. The study also found that families have a strategic role to play in educating household members about water conservation and driving more inclusive local policies. This study recommends increasing the role of families in water management policies through community-based environmental education and awareness programs, as well as strengthening regulations to ensure a more equitable distribution of water. Thus, the implementation of the principle of water justice in water resources law can be more effective in supporting the achievement of SDG 6.

State Sovereignty and Humanitarian Assistance: Navigating the Tension in International Armed Conflicts Puspoayu, Elisabeth Septin; Widagdo, Setyo; Kusumaningrum, Adi; Kurniaty, Rika
International Law Discourse in Southeast Asia Vol. 3 No. 2 (2024): Navigating Global Disputes: International Criminal Law, Human Rights, and Sover
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ildisea.v3i2.35118

This paper critically examines the intersection of state sovereignty and the provision of humanitarian assistance in the context of international armed conflicts, addressing a pressing and increasingly relevant issue in global legal discourse. While state sovereignty remains a cornerstone of international law, its application during armed conflict, especially regarding external humanitarian aid, raises complex questions of responsibility and intervention. Using a blend of primary and secondary legal sources, the study explores how sovereignty intersects with the state's obligations to protect and meet the needs of its citizens during conflict, in line with the theory of "responsible sovereignty." The research highlights the nuanced tension between a state's right to control its territory and its duty to ensure the welfare of its population, even in the midst of war. Despite the fundamental principle of sovereignty, states are bound by international norms to allow humanitarian assistance when their capacity to respond to crisis situations is overwhelmed, thereby preventing further human suffering. The study challenges the traditional view that external aid constitutes an infringement on sovereignty, instead arguing that the refusal of humanitarian assistance in times of need may violate international legal and moral obligations. This paper offers a novel perspective on sovereignty, proposing that in an era of global interconnectedness and humanitarian crises, responsible sovereignty should prioritize the protection of human life over rigid territorial control. The findings contribute to ongoing debates in international law, urging a rethinking of the state's role in conflict zones and the responsibility to allow external humanitarian aid in the face of dire need.

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