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VARIATIONS OF RED COLOR COVERAGE OF CULTURED NEON TETRA (Paracheirodon innesi) FOR BREEDING IMPROVEMENT STRATEGIES Ruby Vidia Kusumah; Dinar Tri Soelistyowati; Alimuddin Alimuddin; Melta Rini Fahmi
Indonesian Aquaculture Journal Vol 16, No 1 (2021): (June, 2021)
Publisher : Center for Fisheries Research, Agency for Marine and Fisheries Research and Human Resource

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15578/iaj.16.1.2021.1-11

Red color coverage (RCC) is a commercial trait developed and refined to improve the appearance of many ornamental fish commodities. In neon tetra, the status of variation of RCC is not yet investigated or reported. This study aimed to analyze the RCC variation of cultured neon tetra as a basis for breeding strategies. A total of 900 neon tetras (standard length, SL, of 2.29 ± 0.16 cm) were collected from Bojongsari, Curug, and Pondok Petir fish farms located in Depok Districts, West Java. All fish were relocated and reared in a fish farm specialized in culturing neon tetra for two weeks using nine aquariums with photoperiod set up of 12 hours bright and 12 hours dark. The RCC traits were determined according to the percentages of RCC length (%LRCC), RCC width (%WRCC), and RCC area (%ARCC) and quantified using the digital image method. The result showed that the RCC varied by sex, size, and original location (P<0.05) in a low coefficient of variation (1.89%-11.41%). The RCC values in the male group were higher than that of females based on %LRCC and %ARCC parameters (P<0.05). Males had the highest %LRCC at size LXL, which was correlated with SL (r 0.25, P<0.1), of females at M size. The %LRCC values of the neon tetra population from the Bojongsari farm were higher than those from the other locations. Based on these findings, breeding strategies of the RCC traits should consider sex, size, and population (farm location) variations. Specifically for neon tetra, this strategy should be based on selecting the SL or %LRCC parameter of M for females and LXL for males.

BIOCHEMICAL RESPONSES AND GENETIC EXPRESSIONS OF SYNTHETIC COMMON CARP POPULATIONS EXPOSED TO HIGH-AMMONIA REARING ENVIRONMENT yogi Himawan; Alimuddin Alimuddin; Kukuh Nirmala; Imron Imron; Joni Haryadi
Indonesian Aquaculture Journal Vol 16, No 1 (2021): (June, 2021)
Publisher : Center for Fisheries Research, Agency for Marine and Fisheries Research and Human Resource

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15578/iaj.16.1.2021.13-19

Carp is one of the leading freshwater aquaculture commodities in Indonesia. Further improvement of carp strains by the Research Institute for Fish Breeding (RIFB), Sukamandi, Indonesia, has produced a synthetic F2 carp. The strain is assembled from different strains of carps and has shown better growth and health characteristics. Considering that high environmental ammonia (HEA) has affected most carp grow-out systems, this study aimed to determine the performance of the synthetic carp populations in a high ammonia rearing environment. The treatments were rearing media of the synthetic carp seed populations added with and without (control) 200 mg/L NH4Cl arranged in three replicates. A total of 30 fish seeds/aquarium, weighed 10-15 g/fish, was used in the study. Dissolved oxygen levels were maintained above 2 mg/L using aeration. This study shows that higher tolerant carp populations had red blood cells of 232.66 ± 17.24 cells/mL, indicating a direct effect of high ammonia on red blood cell count (p<0.05). Cortisol levels of 80.90 ± 6.35 ng/mL in resistant carp indicate significant differences (p<0.05). The relative expressions of the HSP70 gene in the liver (Log10) ranged between 0.72 and 2.80. The values demonstrate that high ammonia-resistant synthetic carp have a higher relative expression ratio of the HSP70 gene than the less resistant group. This research concluded that the populations of synthetic F2 carp showed a degree of resistance against high-ammonia rearing conditions. When it is ready for aquaculture, this synthetic carp strain could be farmed in high density using intensive systems in HEA-affected artificial lakes and reservoir

RESISTENSI UDANG GALAH KETURUNAN PERTAMA TERHADAP INFEKSI Vibrio harveyi Ikhsan Khasani; Alimuddin Alimuddin; Muhammad Zairin Junior; Angela Mariana Lusiastuti; Asep Sopian
Jurnal Riset Akuakultur Vol 10, No 2 (2015): (Juni 2015)
Publisher : Pusat Riset Perikanan, Badan Riset dan Sumber Daya Manusia Kelautan dan Perikanan

Kematian massal udang galah karena infeksi penyakit merupakan masalah serius pada sistem produksi benih udang galah. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk meningkatkan resistensi benih udang galah terhadap penyakit vibriosis menggunakan metode seleksi. Larva udang galah GIMacro diinfeksi dengan bakteri patogen Vibrio harveyi untuk mendapatkan populasi benih bertahan hidup, survivor, sebagai pembentuk induk F-0, selanjutnya disebut induk terseleksi. Sub populasi larva dari populasi tersebut tidak diinfeksi dan dipelihara hingga induk sebagai populasi kontrol. Pembentukan populasi F-1 dilakukan dengan mengawinkan antar induk F-0 terseleksi. Infeksi bakteri dilakukan terhadap larva (umur 7-9 hari pascatetas) dengan metode perendaman selama 48 jam, dengan kepadatan awal bakteri V. harveyi sebesar 5 x 105 cfu/mL. Sintasan rata-rata larva dari 24 induk betina adalah sebesar 45,92%-78,50%; dengan koefisien variasi relatif tinggi, sebesar 43%, sehingga seleksi pada karakter tersebut potensial untuk dilakukan. Respons seleksi setelah satu generasi sebesar 10,4% atau peningkatan resistensi sebesar 14,8% dibandingkan kontrol. Sintasan benih F-1 (40,04±11,9%) seleksi pada fase pembenihan standar produksi relatif lebih tinggi dibandingkan benih kontrol (38,04±15,7%). Sintasan benih pada fase pendederan juga demikian, yaitu 78,0±1,7% (F-1) dan 70±4,0% (kontrol). Bobot rata-rata benih udang galah F-1 (23,73±5,40 mg) tidak berbeda nyata dengan benih kontrol (23,40±9,50 mg). Sebagai kesimpulan bahwa peningkatan resistensi udang galah terhadap infeksi penyakit vibriosis dapat dilakukan melalui seleksi berbasis uji tantang.

PEMIJAHAN SEMI-BUATAN SIPUT GONGGONG, Laevistrombus turturella DENGAN INDUKSI KOMBINASI HORMON LHRH-a DAN ANTIDOPAMIN Muzahar - Muzahar; Muhammad Zairin Jr.; Fredinan Yulianda; Muhammad Agus Suprayudi; Alimuddin Alimuddin; Irzal Effendi
Jurnal Riset Akuakultur Vol 14, No 4 (2019): (Desember, 2019)
Publisher : Pusat Riset Perikanan, Badan Riset dan Sumber Daya Manusia Kelautan dan Perikanan

Gonggong adalah sejenis siput laut yang merupakan makanan laut (seafood) favorit dan ikon Kota Tanjungpinang, ibukota Provinsi Kepulauan Riau (Kepri). Gonggong mengandung protein tinggi, yaitu sekitar 46,65%. Tidak ada laporan tentang produksi budidaya dan upaya konservasi gonggong. Teknologi produksi benih buatan gonggong belum berkembang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi pemberian kombinasi hormon LHRH-a dan antidopamin untuk menginduksi proses pemijahan. Evaluasi pemberian hormon LHRH-a dan antidopamin pada pemijahan siput gonggong dilakukan dengan empat dosis: 0,5 ìLgÎ¹ bobot badan lunak (BB) (P1); 0,7 ìLgÎ¹ BB; dan 0,9 ìLgÎ¹ BB (P2); dan tanpa suntikan (TS). Siput gonggong pascasuntikan dipelihara di akuarium selama 14 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) kombinasi hormon LHRH-a dan antidopamin mampu merangsang pemijahan gonggong. Dosis rendah hormon LHRH-a dan antidopamin (P-1) menghasilkan induk betina yang memijah paling banyak, yaitu 34,48%; lebih tinggi dari P-2 (27,59%), P-3 (20,69%); dan TS (17,24%); (2) jumlah telur yang dikeluarkan oleh induk betina berbeda secara signifikan antar perlakuan (P<0,05). Jumlah telur yang dikeluarkan oleh masing-masing induk berkisar antara 10.874-63.489 butir/ekor dengan rata-rata 39.347 ± 16.667 butir/ekor.The gonggong is a species of sea conch which is a favourite seafood and an icon of Tanjungpinang City, capital of Kepulauan Riau (Kepri) Province. Gonggong contains high protein, about 46.65%. There were no reports on aquaculture production and conservation effort of gonggong. The technology on artificial seed production of gonggong has not yet developed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the administration of LHRH-a hormone and anti-dopamine to induce the spawning process. Evaluation of the administration of LHRH-a hormone and anti-dopamine on the gonggong conch’s spawning was carried out with four doses: 0.5 ìLgÎ¹ soft body weight (BW) (P-1), 0.7 ìLgÎ¹ BW; and 0.9 ìLgÎ¹ BW (P-2); and without injections (TS). The gonggong conchs after injection were reared in aquarium for 14 days. The results showed that (1) a combination of LHRH-a hormone and anti-dopamine was able to stimulate gonggong spawning. The lower dose of LHRH-a hormone and anti-dopamine (P-1) produced the highest number of spawned female broodstock, which was 34.48%, higher than P-2 (27.59%), P-3 (20.69%), and TS (17.24%); (2) the number of eggs released by female broodstock was significantly different among the treatments (P<0.05). The number of eggs released by each female broodstock ranges between 10,874-63,489 grains/ind. with an average of 39,347±16,667 grains/ind.

SUPLEMENTASI PREBIOTIK FRUKTOOLIGOSAKARIDA (FOS) MENINGKATKAN EKSPRESI GEN TERKAIT METABOLISME SERTA PERTUMBUHAN UDANG VANAME, Litopenaeus vannamei Yanti Inneke Nababan; Hasan Nasrullah; Widanarni Widanarni; Munti Yuhana; Alimuddin Alimuddin
Jurnal Riset Akuakultur Vol 16, No 4 (2021): (Desember, 2021)
Publisher : Politeknik Kelautan dan Perikanan Jembrana

Fruktooligosakarida (FOS) merupakan salah satu jenis prebiotik yang berpotensi menjadi feed additive dalam budidaya udang vaname. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi suplementasi prebiotik FOS melalui pakan terhadap tingkat ekspresi gen terkait metabolisme dan performa pertumbuhan udang vaname. Pakan uji berupa pakan komersil yang disuplementasi prebiotik FOS (Pre) dengan empat dosis berbeda dan masing-masing terdiri atas tiga ulangan yaitu: Pre-0% (kontrol), Pre-0,5%; Pre-1%, dan Pre-2%. Udang dengan bobot rata-rata 1,58 ± 0,21 g dipelihara dalam bak fiber (volume 1 m3) dengan kepadatan 100 ekor per bak. Pemberian pakan dilakukan selama 30 hari dengan dosis 6% dari bobot biomassa udang. Bobot tubuh diukur setiap 10 hari (n=10) dan tingkat ekspresi gen diukur dari hepatopankreas pada akhir pemeliharaan (n=3) dengan metode quantitative-realtime PCR (qPCR). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian prebiotik FOS dapat meningkatkan ekspresi gen terkait metabolisme pada udang vaname. Suplementasi prebiotik FOS memberikan bobot rata-rata, pertumbuhan harian, dan tingkat sintasan yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan perlakuan kontrol (p>0,05). Perlakuan Pre-0,5% menunjukkan rata-rata tingkat ekspresi gen tertinggi, namun performa pertumbuhan, dan sintasan tidak berbeda (p>0,05) dengan perlakuan Pre-2%.Fructooligosaccharides (FOS) are natural feed additives with potential application in feed for Pacific white shrimp. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of prebiotic FOS supplementation on the modulation of metabolism-related gene expression and growth performance of Pacific white shrimp. A trial feed consisted of commercial feed supplemented with different doses of FOS: Pre-0% (control), Pre-0.5%, Pre-1%, and Pre-2%; each with triplicate. Pacific white shrimp with an average body weight of 1.58 ± 0.21 g were reared in fiber tanks (d=1.5 m3) with a density of 100 shrimp/tank for each treatment. The shrimp were given the treatment feed five times per day at 6% of the total body mass for 30 days. Shrimp body weight was measured every ten days (n=10). The gene expression level was measured from the hepatopancreas (n=3) by the quantitative-real time PCR (qPCR) method. The results showed that FOS supplementation increased the metabolism-related gene expression levels. FOS supplementation improved the average body weight, average daily growth, and survival higher than control (p<0.05). Pre-0.5% treatment showed the highest average gene expression despite growth performance and survival were not significantly different (p>0.05) compared to Pre-2% treatment. This study concludes that the application of FOS in the feed improves the growth performance of Pacific white shrimp, notably in gained weight, reduced FCR and improved survival rate.

IDENTIFIKASI IKAN CUPANG (Betta imbelis) TRANSGENIK FOUNDER MEMBAWA GEN PENYANDI HORMON PERTUMBUHAN; Identification of Transgenic Founder Betta Fish (Betta imbelis) Carry Growth Hormone Gene. Eni Kusrini; Alimuddin Alimuddin; Mohammad Zairin; Dinar Tri Sulistyowati
Jurnal Riset Akuakultur Vol 11, No 3 (2016): (September 2016)
Publisher : Pusat Riset Perikanan, Badan Riset dan Sumber Daya Manusia Kelautan dan Perikanan

Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi keberhasilan introduksi gen penyandi hormon pertumbuhan (Growth Hormone, GH) pada induk F-0 ikan Betta imbellis. Ikan transgenik F-0 dibuat dengan menggunakan metode transfeksi. Identifikasi dilakukan menggunakan metode RT-PCR. RNA total diekstraksi dari embrio pooled sample hasil persilangan induk transgenik dan non-transgenik. Berdasarkan analisis ekspresi gen pada embrio juga menunjukkan adanya aktivitas ekspresi gen GH pada semua perlakuan dibandingkan dengan kontrol (embrio hasil persilangan non-transgenik x non-transgenik). Jumlah individu induk F-0 yang membawa gen GH eksogen berdasarkan analisis PCR dengan DNA template dari sirip ekor adalah sebanyak 16%. Individu positif membawa gen GH eksogen tersebut dibesarkan lebih lanjut untuk memproduksi Betta imbellis transgenik F-1. Kandidat ikan transgenik jantan F-0 dikawinkan dengan ikan non-transgenik betina, sedangkan transgenik F-0 betina dikawinkan dengan non-transgenik jantan. Sebanyak 30-50 butir embrio hasil pemijahan F-0 digabung, kemudian DNA genom diekstrak. Sebagian embrio digunakan untuk ekstraksi RNA total untuk analisis ekspresi mRNA GH eksogen. Hasil analisis PCR menunjukkan bahwa semua sampel embrio dari induk transgenik F-0 dapat terdeteksi gen GH eksogen, sedangkan untuk kontrol (non-transgenik) tidak terdeteksi. Ekspresi mRNA juga terdeteksi pada embrio F-1. Dengan demikian, metode transfeksi embrio Betta imbellis efektif digunakan untuk menghasilkan ikan transgenik, dan sangat berpotensi menghasilkan individu F-1 Betta imbellis dengan pertumbuhan lebih cepat.The study was conducted to identify the successful introduction of the growth hormone gene (Growth Hormone, GH) on the F-0 Betta imbellis broodstock. The F-0 transgenic fish was made through transfection methods. Identification was done using RT-PCR method. Total RNA was extracted from pooled embryos sample. Based on the analysis of gene expression in embryos also showed activity GH gene expression in all treatments compared to the control (non-transgenic x non-transgenic). The number of individuals F-0 which carried exogenous GH gene by PCR analysis of the DNA template of the tail fin was as much as 16%. Positive individuals carried the exogenous GH gene raised further to produce transgenic F-1 B. imbellis. Candidate of transgenic F-0 males fish were mated with non-transgenic female fish, whereas the transgenic F-0 females were mated with non-transgenic males. The 30-50 embryos obtained were combined, then their genomic DNA were extracted. Some of the embryos was used for the extraction of total RNA for analysis of mRNA expression of GH exogenous. The PCR analysis showed that all samples of embryos from the transgenic F-0 broodstock could be detected, whereas for the control (non-transgenic) was not detected. mRNA expression was also detected in embryos of F-1. The average weight of the F-0 broodstocks were 1.55 g and a total length was 12.97 cm. Thus, the transfection methods through betta embryos peaceful effectively generated transgenic fish, and potentially produced fast growth of individuals F-1 Betta imbellis.

ISOLASI DAN KARAKTERISASI PROMOTER β-ACTIN DARI IKAN KERAPU BEBEK (Cromileptes altivelis) Alimuddin Alimuddin; Wedaraningtyas Nugrahani; Ratu Siti Aliah; Komar Sumantadinata; Irvan Faizal; Odang Carman; Goro Yoshizaki
Jurnal Riset Akuakultur Vol 2, No 2 (2007): (Agustus 2007)
Publisher : Pusat Riset Perikanan, Badan Riset dan Sumber Daya Manusia Kelautan dan Perikanan

Promoter sebagai regulator ekspresi gen merupakan salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi keberhasilan transgenesis. Penelitian isolasi dan karakterisasi promoter β-actin (ktBA) dari ikan kerapu bebek (Cromileptes altivelis) dalam rangka pembuatan ikan kerapu autotransgenik telah dilakukan. Promoter β-actin memiliki aktivitas tinggi pada jaringan otot. Sekuens promoter ktBA diisolasi menggunakan metode degenerate PCR. Sekuensing dilakukan menggunakan mesin ABI PRISM 3100. Analisis sekuens menggunakan software BLAST, GENETYX versi 7 dan TFBind. Fragment DNA hasil amplifikasi PCR yang dipotong dari vektor kloning selanjutnya diligasi dengan pEGFPN1 untuk membuat konstruksi pktBA-EGFP. Konstruksi pktBA-EGFP dimikroinjeksi ke embrio ikan zebra (Danio rerio) fase 1 sel untuk menguji aktivitas promoter ktBA. Ekspresi gen EGFP diamati menggunakan mikroskop fluoresens. Analisis sekuens menunjukkan bahwa panjang fragmen DNA hasil amplifikasi PCR sekitar 1,6 kb dan memiliki faktor transkripsi yang conserved pada promoter β-actin, yaitu CCAAT, CArG dan boks TATA. Selanjutnya, sekuens ktBA dalam konstruksi pktBA-EGFP mampu mengendalikan ekspresi gen EGFP pada jaringan otot embrio ikan zebra yang dimikroinjeksi dengan konstruksi tersebut. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa fragmen DNA hasil amplifikasi PCR tersebut merupakan sekuens promoter β-actin ikan kerapu bebek. Pembuatan ikan kerapu autotransgenik selanjutnya dapat dilakukan dengan mengganti gen EGFP pada pktBA-EGFP dengan gen-gen asal ikan kerapu yang mengkodekan karakter penting dalam budi daya ikan.Promoter as gene expression regulator is one of the factors affecting the successful of transgenesis. Isolation and characterization of β -actin promoter (ktBA) from humpback grouper (Cromileptes altivelis) towards generation of autotransgenic grouper have been conducted. β -actin promoter has high activity in muscle. Sequence of ktBA promoter was isolated by using degenerate PCR method. Sequencing was performed using ABI PRISM 3100 machine. Analysis of sequences was conducted using BLAST, GENETYX version 7 and TFBind softwares. DNA fragment of PCR amplification product digested from the vector cloning was then ligated with pEGFPN1 to generate pktBA-GFP construct. The construct was microinjected into one-cell stage of zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos to test the ktBA promoter activity. EGFP gene expression was observed by fluorescence microscope. The result of sequence analysis showed that the length of DNA fragment obtained is about 1.6 kb and containing the evolutionary conserved sequences of transcription factor for β -actin promoter including CCAAT, CArG and TATA boxes. Furthermore, ktBA sequence in pktBA-EGFP construct could drove GFP expression in muscle of zebrafish embryos injected with the construct. The results suggested that PCR amplification product is the regulator sequence of humpback grouper β -actin gene. Autotransgenic grouper can be then produced by changing GFP gene fragment of pktBA-EGFP construct with genes from grouper encoding important traits in aquaculture.

Effication of Viral Nervous Necrosis DNA as Vaccines for Cromileptes altivelis Wiwien Mukti Andriyani; Sri Murtini; Alimuddin Alimuddin
IJOTA (Indonesian Journal of Tropical Aquatic) Vol. 3 No. 2 (2020): August
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22219/ijota.v3i2.13891

Viral nervous necrosis (VNN) is a disease that often infects groupers. It has caused mass death in more than 34 species of marine fish. DNA vaccination might become a solution againts the infection. The construction of the pmBA-CP DNA vaccine consisting of the beta-actin promoter of medaka fish (Oryzias latipes) and capsid protein (CP) encoding VNN RNA2 has been made in previous studies. This study aimed to test the efficacy of the pmBA-CP DNA vaccine for VNN. The experiment consisted of two stages, namely (1) detection of anti-VNN antibody induction in vaccinated fish using ELISA, and (2) challenge test for fish vaccinated with the VNN virus. Grouper (body length 8 cm to 10 cm) were divided into two groups with a density of 5 fish 60 L–1. The fish in the first group were vaccinated with pmBA-CP intramuscularly at a dose of 12.5 µg per fish, while the second group of fish were not vaccinated. Antibody titer testing was carried out before treatment, and 1 d, 7 d, 14 d, 21 d, 28 d, and 35 d after vaccination. The challenge test was carried out on the 60th day after vaccination. The results showed that the S / P ratio in the vaccinated fish serum was higher than unvaccinated fish at 21 d to 35 d post-vaccination. DNA vaccination was able to induce anti-VNN antibodies of grouper. The results of the challenge test for vaccinated fish using VNN virus titer 103.5 FID50/0.2 mL showed 60% of survival rate. Thus, the pmBA-CP DNA vaccine could be useful for increasing grouper immunity, and support production of grouper.

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