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All Journal Turbo : Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin ARMATUR : Artikel Teknik Mesin dan Manufaktur
Mafruddin Mafruddin
Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro
Aerospace Engineering Automotive Engineering Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Mechanical Engineering

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PENGARUH TEMPERATUR HIDROLISIS ASAM DAN WAKTU FERMENTASI TERHADAP KADAR BIOETANOL TETES TEBU Mugiyono Saputra; Dwi Irawan; Mafruddin Mafruddin
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 7, No 1 (2018): Juni 2018
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (443.241 KB) | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v7i1.716

Abstract

Pada masa sekarang bahan bakar menjadi kebutuhan pokok masyarakat dan pemakaiannya cenderung meningkat setiap tahunnya sedangkan sumber bahan bakar minyak bumi yang dipakai saat ini semakin menipis. Oleh karena itu perlu bahan bakar alternatif yang dapat digunakan sebagai pengganti minyak bumi. Bioetanol merupakan salah satu bahan bakar alternatif yang dapat digunakan sebagai pengganti minyak bumi. Bioetanol dapat dihasilkan dari karbohidrat. Karbohidrat yang digunakan pada penelitian ini berasal dari tetes tebu. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh temperatur hidrolisis asam dan waktu fermentasi terhadap kadar bioetanol yang dihasilkan. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan yaitu eksperimen nyata dengan memveriasikan temperatur hidrolisis asam yaitu 60º C, 70º C, 80º C dan waktu fermentasi yaitu 5, 7, 9 hari. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa temperatur hidrolisis asam dan waktu fermentasi berpengaruh terhadap kadar bioetanol. Kadar bioetanol yang paling tinggi adalah hidrolisis asam dengan suhu 80ºC dengan kadar 58 % dan kadar bioetnol paling rendah terdapat pada hidrolisis asam dengan suhu 60ºC dengan kadar 22%. Kadar bioetanol yang paling tinggi terdapat pada fermentasi 7 hari memperoleh kadar sebesar 58%.Kata Kunci: Tetes Tebu, Hidrolisis Asam, Fermentasi, Bioetanol
Optimasi pembakaran menyeluruh pada reaktor pirolisis dalam menghasilkan bioarang dan asap cair Kemas Ridhuan; Mafruddin Mafruddin; Alfi Al Rasyid
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 9, No 1 (2020): Jurnal TURBO
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (547.527 KB) | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v9i1.1220

Abstract

Pyrolysis is a process of combustion in a reactor with less or no air. The results of this process in the form of bio-charcoal products, liquid smoke, tar, and sin gas. To obtain optimal bio-charcoal products and liquid smoke, it is necessary to develop a pyrolysis process by means of thorough combustion. This combustion has the advantage that the combustion fire will heat up the entire reactor wall so that it will speed up the pyrolysis process and the combustion temperature will be high so it will generate more products, especially liquid smoke. This study aims to determine combustion achievement temperatures in the combustion chamber and reactor as well as the efficiency of the results of bio-charcoal and liquid smoke obtained. This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Mechanical Engineering Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro, this study uses a pyrolysis reactor with a total combustion chamber and uses fine sand insulation.  The condenser uses a 0.5-inch diameter copper pipe with 11 turns. Biomass fuels use sengon wood. The raw material of sengon wood is 10 kg. Data from this study are compared with research data on pyrolysis reactors that have not been optimized so that the differences are known. The results obtained are the combustion temperature in the combustion chamber in the previous conditions, namely 563° C, and the optimization conditions 651° C, then the combustion temperature in the reactor in conditions before 370° C and the optimization conditions 329° C. Liquid smoke results obtained in conditions before 0.9 liters and 1.2-liter optimization conditions. Then the results of bio-charcoal obtained in conditions before 2.0 kg and 2.5 kg optimization conditions.Keywords: Pyrolysis, comprehensive burning, liquid smoke, bio-charcoal, optimization.
Rancang bangun mesin CNC laser cutting CO2 2 axis bebasis microcontroler dengan softwere Mach3 Samsul Hadi; Mafruddin Mafruddin; Tri Cahyo Wahyudi
ARMATUR : Artikel Teknik Mesin & Manufaktur Vol 2 No 2 (2021): Jurnal Armatur
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (336.512 KB) | DOI: 10.24127/armatur.v2i2.1446

Abstract

Teknologi laser saat ini sudah sedemikian pesat dan digunakan hampir disegala bidang, seperti dibidang manufaktur, medis, seni, transaksi perdagangan dan percetakan. Walaupun ada berbagai jenis laser yang ada dipasaran, namun dibidang manufaktur yang seringkali dijumpai adalah Laser C02. Hal ini disebabkan dayanya yang relatif besar sehingga pemanfaatannya lebih fleksibel dapat digunakan untuk pemotongan pada material lembaran tipis maupun pada material yang agak tebal. Laser cutting memiliki berbagai keunggulan dibandingkan teknologi manufaktur lainnya karena dapat menerima data langsung dari komputer, sehingga otomatisasi pemotongan dapat berjalan pada dunia industri. Penggunaan mesin CNC (Computer Numerical Control) pada sistem laser cutting sangat diperlukan, karena kita bisa memotong suatu bahan dengan bentuk desain sesuai yang kita inginkan dan dengan kualitas pemotongan yang bagus. Metode yang digunakan adalah eksperimental dengan merancang dan membuat serta menguji mesin CNC laser cutting CO2. Pengujian dilakukan dengan mencari feedrate yang terbaik dan Mengetahui tingkat akurasi hasil pemotongan pada jenis alur pemotongan yang berbeda. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa feedrate yang terbaik adalah 50 (mm/menit), dan juga tingkat akurasi dengan bentuk pemotongan alur yang berbeda mempengaruhi pada tingkat keakurasian pemotongan, koefisien akurasi terendah pada bentuk lingkaran 0,73 (mm).
Pengaruh komposisi campuran kotoran sapi dan limbah cair tapioka terhadap biogas yang dihasilkan Agus Subakti; Dwi Irawan; Mafruddin Mafruddin; Sulis Dri Handono
ARMATUR : Artikel Teknik Mesin & Manufaktur Vol 3 No 1 (2022): Jurnal Armatur
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/armatur.v3i1.1937

Abstract

The depletion of fossil energy in the world is getting attention, this is due to the increasing number of human resources in the world. So that efforts can be made, one of which is finding alternative fuels, namely biogas made from cow dung and tapioca liquid waste, this study aims to determine the variation of the filling mixture on the volume of biogas produced, to know the variation of the filling mixture on the biogas flame and to determine the effect of the mixture variation. charge to the amount of flow rate produced. The research method used is bulk filling with cow dung and tapioca liquid waste using a mixed variation of 0%:100%, 10%:90, 20%: 80%, 30%: 70%, 40%: 60%, 50 % : 50%. So that the value of the volume of gas produced is proportional to the productivity of biogas. To find out the volume of biogas in the digester using a manometer U. In the study, the results obtained were the value of the filling mixture variation in biogas productivity for the highest value at the mixed variation of 50%: 50% with a value of 2.061 liter/kg. The highest blue RGB flame was obtained at a mixed variation of 70% : 30% with a value of 66.14 and a red RGB flame value was obtained at a mixed variation of 50% : 50% with a value of 42.14.
Rancang bangun mesin sablon cup semi otomatis Sulis Dri Handono; Mafruddin Mafruddin; Ari Dwi Prasetyo; Bambang Iswadi; Riki Purnomo
ARMATUR : Artikel Teknik Mesin & Manufaktur Vol 3 No 2 (2022): Jurnal Armatur
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/armatur.v3i2.2859

Abstract

Screen printing is a technique of printing graphic designs using gauze or called screens. One application of the screen printing machine is on the cup. The more beverage vendors in cup packaging like today, the more screen printing machines are needed. To meet these needs, a cup screen printing machine was made. The purpose of the study was to determine the shape and dimensions as well as the performance of the semi-automatic cup screen printing machine. The research method carried out is by designing and manufacturing a semi-automatic cup screen printing machine and testing with two different types of molding, namely 14 Oz and 16 Oz. From the results of the design and manufacture of the semi-automatic cup screen printing machine design, the length is 600 mm, the width is 400 mm and the height is 900 mm. Using an electric motor of 0.25 HP, gear box 1:60, screen length of 400 mm and width of 150 mm and using a steel frame ST 37 type L. Based on the results of tests and calculations it is known that the production capacity of the screen printing machine is 300 cups/hour and the quality production with 14 Oz molding type is 92% good, 4.67% normal, 2.6% bad while 16 Oz molding is 88% good, 7.34% normal, 4.6% bad. The electrical power consumption of the screen printing machine is 328.6 Watt and the mechanical efficiency is 54.04 %.
Metalurgi serbuk magnesium untuk aplikasi scaffold tulang mampu terdegradasi Sulis Dri Handono; Mafruddin Mafruddin; Tri Cahyo Wahyudi; Ardian Prayoga; Ilyas Shodikin; Arif Ardiyansah
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 11, No 2 (2022): TURBO : Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v11i2.2368

Abstract

Healing of bones damaged by accidents or other factors can be done by creating artificial bone structures or bone scaffolds that can initiate the growth of bone tissue and help support bones so they can function. The process of making bone scaffold can be done by powder metallurgy sintering process with magnesium material. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of variations in sintering temperature and compaction pressure in the magnesium powder metallurgical sintering process on the compressive strength and microstructure applied to degradable bone scaffolds. The research method used is experimental method by making and testing powder metallurgical magnesium material. The powder metallurgy process was carried out with various sintering temperatures of 350°C, 400°C and 450°C and variations of compaction pressure, namely 231 MPa, 309 MPa and 386 MPa. The results showed that variations in sintering temperature and compaction pressure affected the compressive strength and microstructure. The sintering temperature of 450°C and compaction pressure of 386 MPa resulted in the lowest pore percentage rate of 15.14% and the highest compressive strength of 80.26 MPa.
Optimasi perancangan mesin sablon cup dua warna semi otomatis Riki Purnomo; Mafruddin Mafruddin; Sulis Dri Handono; Bambang Surono
ARMATUR : Artikel Teknik Mesin & Manufaktur Vol 4 No 1 (2023): Jurnal Armatur
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/armatur.v4i1.3446

Abstract

In this modern era, the problem of packaging has become a part of everyday people's lives, especially in relation to food products. Cup drink MSME business actors have started using labels to market and create a special attraction for their products. At this time cup printing has begun to use machines, but the machines commonly used are only capable of printing one color and cannot print two or more colors and the price of the machines is still quite expensive. The purpose of this research is to optimize and redesign a one-color cup screen printing machine into a cup screen printing machine design that is practical and capable of printing two or more colors, to determine the power consumption of the electric motor on a two-color cup screen printing machine, and to determine the capacity and production yield of cup screen printing machines. two colours. The research method used was experimental by designing and manufacturing and testing a semi-automatic two-color screen printing device. Tests were carried out with variations in molding dimensions of 14 Oz and 16 Oz. From the results of the study it can be concluded that molding size has no effect on electric motor power, electricity consumption costs, production capacity, and screen printing quality. The dimensions of the semi-automatic two-color cup screen printing machine are 90 cm high, 60 cm wide, 30 cm thick, 374.5 watt electric motor power, electricity usage production costs Rp. 3.4 per cup, production capacity of 150 Cups/hour, and quality good screen printing reaches 92%.
Pengaruh laju aliran biogas dan waktu penyalaan Terhadap kinerja motor bakar menggunakan sistem dual fuel pertamax-biogas Mafruddin Mafruddin; Dwi Irawan; Edwin Dian Pratama; Renno yoga Pratama
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 10 No 2 (2021): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v10i2.1770

Abstract

Fuels such as oil, coal and gas are non-renewable energy sources. For this reason, renewable energy sources are needed to replace these non-renewable energy sources. The use of biogas as a renewable energy source for gasoline motor fuel can be done using a dual fuel system (pertamax-biogas). Combustion on a gasoline engine with a dual fuel system will affect the resulting performance. The combustion process in the combustion engine is influenced by several factors including the biogas flow rate and ignition time. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of biogas flow rate and ignition timing on the performance of a motorcycle engine with a dual fuel system. The method used in this study is an experimental study by testing the performance of a motorcycle engine using a dual fuel system with variations in the flow rate of biogas fuel 1 lpm, 2 lpm and 3 lpm and variations in ignition time of 11°, 13° and 15°. before TDC. From the results of the study it can be concluded that the biogas flow rate and ignition timing affect the performance of the motor. The highest power was obtained by varying the biogas flow rate of 2 lpm and ignition time of 15° before TDC, while the best specific fuel consumption was obtained at variation of the biogas flow rate of 3 lpm and ignition time of 15° before TDC.
Kinerja bom kalorimeter sebagai alat ukur nilai kalor bahan bakar Mafruddin Mafruddin; Sulis Dri Handono; Mustofa Mustofa; Eko Mujianto; Ramadan Saputra
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 11 No 1 (2022): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v11i1.2048

Abstract

The calorific value contained in the fuel is one of the benchmarks for the quality of the fuel. To test the calorific value of fuel, a test device such as a bomb calorimeter is needed. The performance of the calorimeter bomb is influenced by the heat absorbed by the water media and the heat wasted into the environment and the heat from the combustion that occurs in the combustion chamber (reactor). Combustion in a bomb calorimeter is affected by the rate of air flow used. The wasted heat to the environment can be minimized by using an insulator on the outer wall of the calorimeter bomb. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of air flow rate and type of insulator on combustion temperature, heat transfer and accuracy of bomb calorimeter test results. The method used in this research is experimental research by making and testing bomb calorimeters using variations in the air flow rate in the combustion process, namely 40 m/s, 50 m/s and 60 m/s and the types of insulators are air and Fiber glass wool. From the results of the research that has been done, it can be concluded that the air flow rate and the type of insulator affect the combustion temperature, heat transfer and accuracy of the bomb calorimeter. The maximum combustion temperature is 480 °C to 490 °C, heat transfer is 77.7 watts and the highest bomb calorimeter accuracy is 98% obtained at variations in air flow rate of 60 m/s and Fiber glass wool insulator.
Pengaruh laju aliran udara dan lubang uap air terhadap kinerja kompor dengan bahan bakar oli bekas Mafruddin Mafruddin; Kemas Ridhuan; Eko Budiyanto; Kurniawan Kurniawan; Muhammad Atiq Mubarak; Neta Bagus Pratama
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 11 No 2 (2022): TURBO : Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v11i2.2336

Abstract

Oil waste produced from motor vehicle lubricants can pollute the environment. One alternative that can be done to prevent environmental pollution is by utilizing waste oil as fuel. Several factors can affect the temperature and quality of combustion, namely the air flow rate and the addition of water vapor in the combustion process. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the air flow rate and the number of steam holes on the temperature and efficiency of the stove with used oil fuel. The research method used was experimental by making and testing stoves with waste oil as fuel and adding water vapor to maximize combustion results. Variations in the air flow rate are 9 m/s, 10 m/s, and 11 m/s and variations in the number of water vapor holes are 8, 9 and 10 pieces. From the research results, it was found that the air flow rate and the number of holes had an effect on the flame, temperature and quality of combustion. The highest temperature is 605.6℃ and the highest stove efficiency is 10.91% obtained with an air flow rate of 10 m/s and 10 steam holes.
Co-Authors Adi Cahyono Agus Subakti Alfi Al Rasyid Ardian Prayoga Ari Dwi Prasetyo Arif Ardiyansah Bambang Iswadi Dwi Irawan Edwin Dian Pratama Eko Budiyanto Eko Mujianto Ilyas Shodikin Imam Mahfud Hanafi Kemas Ridhuan Kurniawan Kurniawan Mascuk Susilo Mugiyono Saputra Muhammad Atiq Mubarak Muhammad Luqman Saiful Fikri Mustofa Mustofa Neta Bagus Pratama Ramadan Saputra Renno Yoga Pratama Riki Purnomo Samsul Hadi Sigit Arrohman Sulis Dri Handono Surono, Bambang Syaukaty Yasinta Tri Cahyo Wahyudi