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Journal : Humanities and Language

Monolingual Used on The Historical Sites in Dili, Timor-Leste: A Study of Linguistics Landscape Soares, Antonio Constantino
Humanities & Language: International Journal of Linguistics, Humanities, and Education Vol. 1 No. 2 (2024): Humanities & Language: International Journal of Linguistics, Humanities, and Ed
Publisher : Abdul Media Literasi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/9gg54y26

Abstract

Timor-Leste  which is further called (TL) is also well-known as a multilingual and multicultural country. Besides, Timor-Leste also has 32 local languages and 3 foreign languages such as Portuguese, Bahasa Indoenesia and English. Portuguese is used as the official language however, Bahasa Indonesia and English are used as  working languages. This research aimed to determine and to explore the predominant language used in historical sites in Dili. This is a qualitative research and the data were collected by using taking pictures technique with a mobile phone camera. After all the data were collected  then, they were analyzed by using qualitaive descriptive method. The Results in this research showed that there are 6  historical sites found in Dili. Tetum language is used as monolingual to describe and explain the brutal action done by the Indonesian Military during the Indonesian occupation in Timor-Leste.
Infixations and Morphological Structure in Makasae Language Soares, Antonio Constantino
Humanities & Language: International Journal of Linguistics, Humanities, and Education Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): Humanities & Language: International Journal of Linguistics, Humanities, and Ed
Publisher : Abdul Media Literasi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jqxxb454

Abstract

This study investigates the morphological complexity of the ML, focusing specifically on its system of infixation spoken primarily in Timor-Leste. The ML features are unique use of affixes, such as ‘tuli,’ ‘geri,’ ‘ta,’ and ‘tau,’ which significantly alter the meaning and grammatical structure of verbs. These infixes mark causality, reciprocity, aspect, and action completion. The research adopted a qualitative approach, utilizing elicitation and semi-structured interviews with two to four native speakers as the primary data collection methods. The study reveals systematic patterns in infix placement and its impact on verb meaning, such as transforming verbs into fatal actions, signaling attempted actions, or indicating mutual actions. The findings highlight ML's sophisticated verbal morphology and its potential contribution to Papuan linguistic typology. The study suggests further research into dialectal variations, as well as the development of resources for language preservation and teaching.
A comparative study of Tetum prepositions and Makasae postpositions Soares, Antonio Constantino
Humanities & Language: International Journal of Linguistics, Humanities, and Education Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): Humanities & Language: International Journal of Linguistics, Humanities, and Ed
Publisher : Abdul Media Literasi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/m33yhr67

Abstract

This study examines the syntactic roles of prepositions in Tetum and postpositions in Makasae, with a focus on their functions in conveying spatial and relational concepts. Tetum, an Austronesian language spoken in East Timor, and Makasae, a Trans-New Guinea language spoken in Timor-Leste's eastern districts, employ different syntactic structures for conveying relationships between noun phrases and other sentence elements. While Tetum uses prepositions such as "iha" (at) that precede the noun phrase, Makasae uses postpositions such as "isi e'e," "isi we'e," and "isi wo'i," which follow the noun phrase to express similar spatial relations. The research employs a qualitative methodology, using elicitation and interviews with native speakers of both languages. Native speakers of Makasae were asked to produce sentences using "isi e'e," "isi we'e," and "isi wo'i" in various syntactic contexts, while interviews provided insights into the intuitive use of these postpositions across different speech settings. The collected data was analyzed thematically to identify patterns in the syntactic behavior of these postpositions and to compare them with the prepositional system of Tetum. Findings reveal that "isi e'e," "isi we'e," and "isi wo'i" function similarly to prepositions in English, such as "in" or "at," but differ in their syntactic placement, as they follow the noun phrase in Makasae. This contrasts with the prepositional structure of Tetum, where prepositions like "iha" precede the noun phrase. Despite these syntactic differences, both languages convey spatial and relational meaning effectively, highlighting the typological diversity within the Austronesian and Papuan language families.