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Linoleic Acid Isolation from Watermelon Seeds Oil (Citrullus lanatus L) with Urea Inclusion Method Divina Anindya Della; Hartati Soetjipto; November Rianto Aminu
EduChemia (Jurnal Kimia dan Pendidikan) Vol 7, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Education Faculty of Teacher Training and Education Universitas Su

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30870/educhemia.v7i2.15128

Abstract

Nutritional problems still become a crucial issue in Indonesian public health. Fulfillment of nutritional balance is expected to improve life quality. In humans, one of the nutrients that play a role in the growth of brain and nervous system functions is PUFA, such as omega-6 and omega-3. Besides, fulfillment of nutritional balance can prevent some diseases; especially linoleic acid used to prevent some diseases. Linoleic acid is an omega-6 and essential fatty acid. Linoleic acid is the main essential fatty acid because it is the precursor for GLA, DGLA, and AA. Omega-6 works with omega-3 and some omega-3 benefits are supported or can arise by omega-6 presence. Studies reveal that watermelon contains high linoleic acid. This study aimed to determine the optimum temperature and ratio of fatty acids: urea for the isolation of linoleic acid from watermelon seed oil. The method used was urea inclusion with a variety of temperatures (-6oC, 6oC, 18oC) and the ratio of fatty acid: urea (1:1; 1:3; 1:5). The results showed the optimum watermelon seed oil linoleic acid isolate at 18oC and the ratio of fatty acids: urea 1:5 with linoleic acid purity (%) of 82.53%.
Testing The Antibacterial Activity of Crude Extracts of Tithonia diversifolia Leaves, Flowers, and Roots in Various Solvent Fraction Indah Tri Susilowati; Hartati Soetjipto; Susanti Pudji Hastuti
EduChemia (Jurnal Kimia dan Pendidikan) Vol 7, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Education Faculty of Teacher Training and Education Universitas Su

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30870/educhemia.v7i1.12403

Abstract

Medicinal plants are natural sources of effective antimicrobials from natural products. Tithonia diversifolia (Asteraceae) is a conventional herb that can be used for the treatment of malaria, wounds, and other diseases with biological properties such as antioxidant, antimalarial, antidiabetic, antibacterial, and anti-hyperglycemic. Research on Tithonia diversifolia leaf extract as an antibacterial has been widely carried out. However, its use as a natural antibacterial is rarely studied, especially on flowers and roots. This study aimed to test the antibacterial activity of leaf, flower, and root extracts of the Tithonia diversifolia plant in various solvent fractions. The methods used in this research were Antibacterial Testing with Agar Diffusion and Direct Bioautography Methods, while the solvent fractions used were petroleum ether, chloroform, and ethyl acetate. The results showed that the crude extract of Tithonia diversifolia leaves, flowers, and roots for petroleum ether, chloroform, and ethyl acetate fractions contained antibacterial compounds. They could inhibit the growth of E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, and B. subtilis bacteria, with inhibitory activity in chloroform fraction, which was better than in petroleum ether and ethyl acetate fractions. The results of the bioautography test showed that the inhibition was good on gram-positive bacteria with the highest number of spots in the chloroform fraction for the crude leaf and flower extract samples.
Pendidikan Dan Penyuluhan Kepada Masyarakat Desa Kalikurmo Kecamatan Bringin Kabupaten Semarang Hartati Soetjipto; Cucun Alep Riyanto; Teresa Febriyanti; Yoga Andika Putra; Mitra Krisdayanti; Laili Nurrohmah
Magistrorum et Scholarium: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Vol 1 No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana Salatiga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (749.639 KB) | DOI: 10.24246/jms.v1i12020p89-96

Abstract

Kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat ini ditujukan untuk peningkatan kualitas pengajaran dan pembelajaran anak-anak SD Desa Kalikurmo, Kecamatan Beringin, Kabupaten Semarang dalam bidang IPA dan matematika. Desa Kalikurmo memiliki sumber daya manusia yang memiliki latar pendidikan yang rendah, sehingga para warganya memiliki wawasan yang minim dan kurang berkembang. Hal ini menyebabkan kami tergerak dalam memberikan penyuluhan kepada warga Desa Kalikurmo yang sekiranya bisa membantu menambah wawasan dan pengetahuan mereka. Kegiatan dilaksanakan dalam bentuk membantu pengajaran di kelas dan bimbingan belajar di luar jam pelajaran. Anak-anak sekolah tingkat SD terbantu dalam pendalaman materi IPA dan Matematika dengan adanya kegiatan ini.
Pelatihan Daring Pembuatan Produk ‘Hand Sanitizer’ untuk Guru-guru di Sekolah SMP dan SD Laboratorium Satya Wacana Hartati Soetjipto; November Rianto Aminu; Yohanes Martono; Devina Intan Sari; Widhi Nugroho Meindra; Tiffany Febetania Widodo; Diyonisio Kevin Elisando
Magistrorum et Scholarium: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Vol 1 No 3 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana Salatiga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (613.671 KB) | DOI: 10.24246/jms.v1i32021p474-483

Abstract

Kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat ini dilaksanakan dalam rangka membantu sekolah mitra dalam menerapkan protokol 3M yang salah satunya adalah menjaga kebersihan tangan. Kegiatan ini ditujukan untuk melatih petugas sekolah mitra dalam pembuatan produk Hand Sanitizer (HS) dan memberikan produk HS sebagai bahan persediaan untuk menerapkan protokol 3M di sekolah. Sebagai sekolah mitra adalah SMP dan SD Kristen Satya Wacana. Institusi sekolah merupakan salah satu tempat yang berisiko tinggi terjadi paparan virus Covid-19 sehingga penting untuk membantu penegakan protokol kesehatan dengan terjaminnya ketersediaan produk HS. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan ini melalui pelatihan daring pembuatan produk dan pemberian produk HS kepada sekolah mitra sebagai bahan persediaan. Kegiatan ini memberikan bekal ketrampilan petugas sekolah dalam pembuatan produk HS dan menjamin ketersediaan produk HS dalam penerapan protokol kesehatan.
Pengaruh Pemurnian Terhadap Kualitas dan Kandungan Skualen Minyak Biji Kemangi Hutan (Ocimum gratissimum L.) Hartati Soetjipto; Yoga Andika Putra; A. Ign Kristijanto
ALCHEMY Jurnal Penelitian Kimia Vol 16, No 2 (2020): September
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SEBELAS MARET (UNS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/alchemy.16.2.41110.190-198

Abstract

Ocimum gratissimum L. atau kemangi hutan merupakan salah satu jenis tanaman yang banyak dimanfaatkan dalam bidang pengobatan tradisional. Biji dari tanaman kemangi hutan diduga mengandung senyawa aktif antioksidan berupa skualena yang banyak digunakan dalam industri farmasi. Sumber utama senyawa skualena adalah minyak hati ikan hiu, kenyataan ini memperkuat alasan perburuan ikan hiu semakin marak. Skualen nabati yang bisa ditemukan pada beberapa jenis tumbuhan menjadi salah satu alternatif untuk mengurangi penggunaan skualena dari minyak hati ikan hiu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan hasil rendemen, sifat fisiko-kimia serta menganalisa komponen penyusun minyak biji kemangi hutan dengan metode Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Tahapan penelitian meliputi ekstraksi minyak biji kemangi hutan menggunakan alat soxhlet dengan pelarut heksana dilanjutkan dengan proses pemurnian yang meliputi degumming dan netralisasi. Tahap terakhir berupa analisa GCMS minyak hasil ekstraksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rendemen minyak biji kemangi hutan setelah pemurnian diperoleh sebesar 5,106 ± 0,10%, berwarna kuning pucat berbau khas kemangi hutan, kadar air minyak 0,06%; massa jenis minyak 0,84 g/ml; bilangan asam 0,416 ± 0 mg KOH/g minyak; bilangan peroksida 0,028 ± 0 meq O2/g minyak; dan bilangan penyabunan 219,648 ± 2,608 mg KOH/g. Sifat fisikokimia tersebut telah memenuhi kriteria SNI. Hasil analisis GC-MS menunjukkan bahwa minyak biji kemangi hutan didominasi oleh  empat komponen utama yaitu skualena (58,85%), asam propanedioat (16,69%),  asam palmitat (14,91%), dan metil heksanoat (9,55%). Pemurnian minyak biji kemangi hutan meningkatkan kandungan skualena dari 1,07% menjadi 58,85%. The Effect of Purification on The Quality and Content of Forest Basil Seed Oil (Ocimum gratissimum L.). O. gratissimum L. or forest basil is a plant that is widely used in traditional medicine. Forest basil’ seeds suspected contain active antioxidant compounds that have the shape of squalene, and it is widely used in the pharmaceutical industry. The main source of the squalene compound is shark liver oil; this fact reinforces the reason for shark hunting increasingly widespread. Plant Squalene, which can be found in many plant species, is one of an alternative to reduce the use of squalene from shark liver oil. The aims of this work are to determine the yield, physicochemical properties and to analyze the components of forest basil’seed oil using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The stages of this work included extraction of forest basil seeds using Soxhlet extractor in hexane solvent, followed by a refining process includes degumming and neutralization. The final step is analyzed forest’ basil seed oil obtained using GC-MS. The results showed that the yield of forest basil seed oil obtained in the amount of 5.106 ± 0.10 %, a pale yellow color, with a specific aroma of basil forests, the water content of 0.06% oil; oil density 0.84 g / ml; an acid number of 0.416 ± 0 mg KOH / g of oil; peroxide number of 0.028 ± 0 meq O2 / g of oil; and a saponification number of 219.648 ± 2.608 mg KOH / g of oil. The physicochemical properties have fulfilled SNI criteria. GC-MS analysis resulted that forest basil’ seeds oil are dominated by four main components, namely squalene (58.85%), propanedioic acid (16.69%), palmitic acid (14.91%), and methyl hexanoate (9.55%). Purification forest basil seed oil increases squalene of 1.07% to 58.85%.
Efek Larvasida Ekstrak Tegates erecta Fraksi Heksan dan Aseton terhadap Larva Nyamuk Aedes aegypti Instar 3 dan 4 November Rianto Aminu; Hartati Soetjipto; A Ign Kristijanto
JURNAL KIMIA MULAWARMAN Vol 20 No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Jurusan Kimia Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Mulawarman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30872/jkm.v20i2.772

Abstract

Resistance to temephos as a larvicide of A. aegyptimosquitoes has occurred in Indonesia. Therefore, it is necessary to look for other active compounds that can act as larvicides, but also environmentally friendly. This study used leaf and roots extract of T. erectahexane and acetone fraction as larvicide. The process begins with drying followed by extracting samples (leaves and roots of T. erecta) each with hexane and acetone solvents. Test solutions were made with a concentration of 0, 0.0075, 0.015, 0.03, and 0.1% (w/v) of the extract produced. Larvicide test was carried out referring to WHOPES by observing the mortality of instar larvae 3 and 4 in each extract. The results obtained showed the mortality percentage of larvae increased with increasing concentration and exposure time in both types of larvae. The lowest LC 50 was obtained from the root extract of hexane fraction (37 ppm) for 3rd instar larvae and acetone fraction (61 ppm) for instar 4 larvae. Keywords: Larvae, A. aegypti, T. erecta. Fraction
Antibacterial Activity and Chemical Composition of Red Peacock Flower (Caesalpinia pulcherrima L.) Leaf Essential Oil Novena Risnalani Rintank Constani; Hartati Soetjipto; Sri Hartini
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 22, No 6 (2019): Volume 22 Issue 6 Year 2019
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2556.37 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/jksa.22.6.269-274

Abstract

Peacock flower (Caesalpinia pulcherrima L.) leaves contain essential oils which can be used as an ingredient in cosmetics, perfume, aromatherapy, medicine, and supplements. The study was conducted to obtain essential oils from peacock flower leaves and determine the antibacterial activity against gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus) and gram-negative (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). Antibacterial activity test was carried out by the agar diffusion method, using paper discs. Measurements were made for the inhibition zone diameter (IZD) that appeared, while the essential oil component was analyzed using GC-MS. The results showed that the peacock flower leaves (C. pulcherrima) had a moderate to strong antibacterial effect at a concentration of 7.5%-20% against gram-positive bacteria (B. subtilis and S. aureus) and gram-negative bacteria (E. coli and P. aeruginosa). Gram-negative E. coli bacteria are relatively more sensitive to peacock flower leaf essential oil compared to other test bacteria. Peacock flower (C. pulcherrima) leaf essential oil is composed of 7 main components namely β-Cubebene 33.87%; Caryophyllene 23.00%; γ-Elemene 13.18%; α-Pinene 10.96%; Cadina-1(10),4-diene 10.20%; Copaene; 7.09%; β-Pinene 1.70%.
Profil Fisiko-Kimia Minyak Kulit Batang Pulosari (Alyxia reinwardtii Bl.) dan Aktivitas Antioksidannya Franciska Alvina; Hartati Soetjipto; Sri Hartini
Akta Kimia Indonesia Vol 8, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : LPPM, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j25493736.v8i1.13856

Abstract

Pulosari bark is one part of the plant that has medicinal properties and a distinctive aroma, it is widely used in various herbal recipes in Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to determine the yield, Physico-chemical properties, and antioxidant power of Pulosari bark oil. Based on the research that has been done, the yield of Pulosari bark oil by maceration method using n-hexane produces an average oil of 2.658 ± 0.098%. The Physico-chemical properties of the oil include density, acid number, peroxide number, and saponification number respectively are 0.98±0 g/mL; 92.875±4.954 Mek O2/kg; 11.214±0.776 mg KOH/g; and 105.678±12.921 mg KOH/g. The most dominant composition of Pulosari stem bark oil compounds are Cyclopentadecanone, 2-hydroxy- (25.97%); Hexadecanoic acid (14.47%); Ethyl linoleate (9.70%); 2H-1-Benzopyran-2-one (9.52%); and 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, mono(2-Ethylhexyl) ester (8.34%). The antioxidant activity of the oil tested with DPPH resulted in an IC50 value of 296,700 g/mL and was categorized as very weak.
PERSEPSI PETANI DAN ADAPTASI BUDIDAYA TEMBAKAU-SAYURAN ATAS FENOMENA PERUBAHAN IKLIM DI DESA TLOGOLELE, KECAMATAN SELO, KABUPATEN BOYOLALI (Farmers Perception and Adaptation of Tobacco-Vegetables Cultivation toward Climate Change Phenomena at Tlogolele Vi Suprihati Suprihati; Yuliawati Yuliawati; Hartati Soetjipto; Teguh Wahyono
Jurnal Manusia dan Lingkungan Vol 22, No 3 (2015): November
Publisher : Pusat Studi Lingkungan Hidup Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jml.18758

Abstract

ABSTRAKMasyarakat Desa Tlogolele, Kecamatan Selo, Kabupaten Boyolali mengandalkan pendapatan dari budidaya tembakau dan sayuran yang keduanya sangat rentan terhadap perubahan iklim. Kesiapan petani untuk memahami dampak negatif perubahan iklim dan bagaimana upaya untuk beradaptasi terhadap perubahan tersebut sangat menentukan keberhasilan petani bertahan dan secara terus-menerus mengembangkan pertaniannya. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengkaji persepsi petani terhadap perubahan iklim dan menganalisis adaptasi yang dilaksanakan oleh petani. Pengambilan sampel secara purposive, yaitu petani tembakau-sayuran, sebanyak 50 orang. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode survei melalui wawancara dengan kuesioner terstruktur, observasi dan diskusi terfokus. Keakuratan data persepsi petani atas fenomena perubahan iklim dibandingkan dengan data tren perubahan iklim yang tercatat di stasiun klimatologi terdekat bersumber dari Badan Meteorologi Klimatologi dan Geofisika (BMKG) Semarang. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa petani mengetahui isu perubahan iklim dan merasakan pengaruhnya terhadap kegiatan budidaya pertanian terutama masalah kekeringan dan serangan organisme pengganggu tanaman. Petani meresponnya melalui adaptasi kegiatan pemilihan jenis tanaman, waktu tanam, cara mengolah tanah, dan pemberian pupuk. ABSTRACTThe farmers at Tlogolele village-Selo, Boyolali, obtain their main income from tobacco and vegetables production; both are highly vulnerable to climate change. Farmers’ readiness to understand the negative impact of climate change and how to adapt their cropping system determine their success to survive on sustainable agriculture. The purposes of this study were to evaluate the farmers’ perception on climate change and analyze their adaptation strategy. Samples were taken purposively, consist of 50 tobacco-vegetable farmers. Data were collected by survey method through interviewing by using structured questionnaires, observation and focus group discussion. The accuracy of farmers' perceptions on climate change was compared with the data of climate change trends recorded in the nearest climatological station in Semarang (BMKG). Data were analyzed descriptively. The results show farmers were aware of the climate change issues and their impacts on farming activities; especially for the problem of drought and pest attacks. Farmers adapted by selecting crops type, managing planting time and land accordingly as well as applying fertilizers.
Fatty Acid Profile and Squalene Content in Cucumber Seed Oil (Cucumis sativus) Soetjipto, Hartati; Febriyanti, Teresa; Kristijanto, Agus Ign.
Molekul Vol 18 No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.jm.2023.18.2.8107

Abstract

Cucurbitaceae is known as a source of vegetable oil that can be used in the fields of food, medicine, and cosmetics. Several studies showed that vegetable oil from the Cucurbitaceae contains squalene. Squalene is a high-economic value compound that was originally found in shark liver oil. This compound is proven to be very beneficial for health and cosmetics. The objectives of the study are to determine the fatty acid profile and squalene content of cucumber seed oil using the Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) method. Starting with the preparation of cucumber seeds by drying the clean seed in an oven at 60 0C for 1 hour, then the seeds were extracted using 2 methods namely maceration and a continuous extraction method with a soxhlet extractor. The yield of crude oil obtained by the soxhlet extractor is higher than maceration, which was 19.38 ± 0.94%, yellow colour, and distinct aroma, 2% water oil content; oil density of 0.96 g/mL; free fatty acid levels of 3.51%; an acid value of 4.97 mg NaOH/g oil; and peroxide value of 0.82 meq O2/g oil. The results of the GC-MS analysis showed that cucumber oil was composed of 3 main components namely palmitic acid, linoleic acid, and squalene. Keywords: Cucumber seed oil, Cucumis sativus, fatty acids, squalene.