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IMPLIKASI KRISIS EKONOMI TERHADAP DESA IDT DAN DESA BUKAN IDT: STUDI KOMPARATIF DESA PURWOHARJO DAN DESA GERBOSARI, KECAMATAN SAMIGALUH, KABUPATEN KULONPROGO, DIY Sulistyaningrum, Eny; Adela, Elphiwin
Journal of Indonesian Economy and Business Vol 16, No 1 (2001): January
Publisher : Journal of Indonesian Economy and Business

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Indonesian economic crisis, emerged since 1997, has been an agony carrier for the entire Indonesian economy. Was that statement correct? A field trip to rural areas of an Indonesian Economy Class at the Faculty of Economics Gadjah Mada University, carried out on 25 October 2000, intended to further discover the truth or the flaw of the statement. The study trip was a direct observation of the life and interview of the people in Purwoharjo and Gerbosari. Major concern was the impact of the monetary crisis, known as âkrismonâ, to Poor and Non Poor villagers. The filled questionaires analysed by crosstabulation method is presented below. Six hypotheses analyzed. The dependent variable is the impact of the monetary crisis experienced by the respondents. The acceptance of most of the null hypotheses suggests that there is no implication of various independent variables such as income groupings and poverty line to dependent variable, that is the impact of the monetary crisis to the life of the rural population.Keywords: poor and non poor villages, social safety net, poverty, income groupings.

The Trend of The Returns to Educations in Indonesia Hendajany, Nenny; Widodo, Tri; Sulistyaningrum, Eny
Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan: Kajian Masalah Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Vol 17, No 1 (2016): JEP June 2016
Publisher : Universitas Muhammdaiyah Surakarta

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This paper describes the rate of return to education in Indonesia. The purpose of this paper was to determine how the trend of return to education from 1993 to 2007. By using Mincer equation, we analyzed return to education in Indonesia with using Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) data collected in 1993, 1997, 2000, and 2007. Mincer specification linked between income and education. Income used in this paper was real income of a person who works. The estimation of the rate of return to education started by separating each year data. Then, it used pool data by adding year variable and multiplication variable between year and education. Estimation was also carried out by comparing between men and women. Further, estimation was divided into two age cohorts, young cohort and old cohort. All the results of estimation indicated a decreasing rate of return, the greatest decrease occurred on men with old cohort.Keywords: education, return to education, Mincer equation, trendJEL codes: I26, J30

The Trend of The Returns to Educations in Indonesia Hendajany, Nenny; Widodo, Tri; Sulistyaningrum, Eny
Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan: Kajian Masalah Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Vol 17, No 1 (2016): JEP June 2016
Publisher : Universitas Muhammdaiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/jep.v17i1.1595

This paper describes the rate of return to education in Indonesia. The purpose of this paper was to determine how the trend of return to education from 1993 to 2007. By using Mincer equation, we analyzed return to education in Indonesia with using Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) data collected in 1993, 1997, 2000, and 2007. Mincer specification linked between income and education. Income used in this paper was real income of a person who works. The estimation of the rate of return to education started by separating each year data. Then, it used pool data by adding year variable and multiplication variable between year and education. Estimation was also carried out by comparing between men and women. Further, estimation was divided into two age cohorts, young cohort and old cohort. All the results of estimation indicated a decreasing rate of return, the greatest decrease occurred on men with old cohort.Keywords: education, return to education, Mincer equation, trendJEL codes: I26, J30

The Trend of The Returns to Educations in Indonesia Nenny Hendajany; Tri Widodo; Eny Sulistyaningrum
Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan: Kajian Masalah Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Vol 17, No 1 (2016): JEP June 2016
Publisher : Muhammadiyah University Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/jep.v17i1.1595

This paper describes the rate of return to education in Indonesia. The purpose of this paper was to determine how the trend of return to education from 1993 to 2007. By using Mincer equation, we analyzed return to education in Indonesia with using Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) data collected in 1993, 1997, 2000, and 2007. Mincer specification linked between income and education. Income used in this paper was real income of a person who works. The estimation of the rate of return to education started by separating each year data. Then, it used pool data by adding year variable and multiplication variable between year and education. Estimation was also carried out by comparing between men and women. Further, estimation was divided into two age cohorts, young cohort and old cohort. All the results of estimation indicated a decreasing rate of return, the greatest decrease occurred on men with old cohort.Keywords: education, return to education, Mincer equation, trendJEL codes: I26, J30

IMPLIKASI KRISIS EKONOMI TERHADAP DESA IDT DAN DESA BUKAN IDT: STUDI KOMPARATIF DESA PURWOHARJO DAN DESA GERBOSARI, KECAMATAN SAMIGALUH, KABUPATEN KULONPROGO, DIY Eny Sulistyaningrum; Elphiwin Adela
Journal of Indonesian Economy and Business (JIEB) Vol 16, No 1 (2001): January
Publisher : Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Indonesian economic crisis, emerged since 1997, has been an agony carrier for the entire Indonesian economy. Was that statement correct? A field trip to rural areas of an Indonesian Economy Class at the Faculty of Economics Gadjah Mada University, carried out on 25 October 2000, intended to further discover the truth or the flaw of the statement. The study trip was a direct observation of the life and interview of the people in Purwoharjo and Gerbosari. Major concern was the impact of the monetary crisis, known as “krismon”, to Poor and Non Poor villagers. The filled questionaires analysed by crosstabulation method is presented below. Six hypotheses analyzed. The dependent variable is the impact of the monetary crisis experienced by the respondents. The acceptance of most of the null hypotheses suggests that there is no implication of various independent variables such as income groupings and poverty line to dependent variable, that is the impact of the monetary crisis to the life of the rural population.Keywords: poor and non poor villages, social safety net, poverty, income groupings.

HOUSEHOLD EXPENDITURE IN RESPONSE TO NATURAL DISASTERS Eny Sulistyaningrum
Journal of Indonesian Economy and Business (JIEB) Vol 30, No 3 (2015): September
Publisher : Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Natural disasters have increased in their frequency, and the intensity of their destruction over the last ten years in Indonesia. Households usually respond to these difficulties by cutting their consump-tion, especially for non-essential goods. Arguably natural disasters are exogenous events, so this paper uses the exogenous variation from natural disasters as a natural experiment design to estimate the effect of disasters on household expenditure. When a certain group is exposed to the causal variable of interest, such as a disaster, and other groups are not, the Difference In Difference model (DID) can be used for estimation. Using a micro level survey data set from the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) which covers approximately 83 percent of the Indonesian population within the survey area, this paper examines the effects of natural disasters on household expenditure. This paper also examines whether there are any different impacts from different types of disasters. The finding is there are no significant effects of disasters on total household expenditure for households living in disaster regions, whether they are affected directly or not by the disaster.Keywords: natural disasters, household expenditure, DID, natural experiment

IMPACT EVALUATION OF THE SCHOOL OPERATIONAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAM (BOS) USING THE MATCHING METHOD Eny Sulistyaningrum
Journal of Indonesian Economy and Business (JIEB) Vol 31, No 1 (2016): January
Publisher : Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Investment in human capital, especially in children’s education, is considered to be among the most effective ways for countries to improve their national welfare and reduce poverty in the long term. The Government of Indonesia has promoted human capital investment, especially in children, by designing school subsidy programs. Since 2005, the school operational assistance program (BOS) has been the biggest school subsidy program in Indonesia during the last two decades. This paper evaluates the impact of BOS on children’s test scores at the early stage. This study uses Propensity Score Matching (PSM) to estimate the average treatment effect, in the absence of selection, on unobserved characteristics. The results confirm that BOS can increase student performance. The finding suggests that the Government of Indonesia needs to develop a subsidy program to provide a basic level of education for all students, especially for the poor, as the recent school subsidy program is only sufficient for school fees or even only enough for tuition fees if the students live in urban areas. The remainder of the education expenditures must be covered by the household.Keywords: School Subsidy, BOS, PSM, Test ScoresJEL: H52, I22, I25

HUMAN CAPITAL VERSUS THE SIGNALING HYPOTHESES: THE CASE OF INDONESIA Nenny Hendajany; Tri Widodo; Eny Sulistyaningrum
Journal of Indonesian Economy and Business (JIEB) Vol 31, No 2 (2016): May
Publisher : Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Education positively affects a person's income. It can be explained in two ways. Firstly, education directly increases the productivity of a person, which is in accordance with the views of the theory of human capital. The second way is an indirect effect, in which education acts as a sign (signal) of a worker’s unobserved characteristics, as assessed by an employer who is considering hiring the person. This is consistent with the view of the signaling theory. Both views are often debated in literature. This paper examines the returns to education in Indonesia, separating out the credential effects from the pure years of schooling effects. We used survey data from the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) 2000, 2007, and 2014 to test the difference of the two theories in estimating the returns to education in Indonesia. This study used three models which consisted of the human capital model, the signaling model, and the hybrid model. The human capital model used the number of years of schooling as a variable representing education, the signaling model used dummy variables from the level of education achieved (elementary school, junior high school, senior high school, diploma, university), and the hybrid model combined both measures of the variables. The hybrid model allows for the separation of the impact of human capital based on an additional year of schooling, and the impact of signaling by the accomplishment of a particular certificate. The results of the study provide strong evidence of the presence of the returns to education either through the human capital or the signaling theories. Keywords: education, human capital, signaling, returns to education

THE IMPACT OF EARTHQUAKE ON CHILD TEST SCORE Eny Sulistyaningrum
Journal of Indonesian Economy and Business (JIEB) Vol 32, No 2 (2017): May
Publisher : Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Natural disasters always affect different aspects of individual life. They affect almost every part of life, such as the emotional, economic, physical, social, and environmental aspects. Children are believed to be very vulnerable to disasters. The increasing frequency of disasters and the intensity of their destruction motivate an analysis of the impacts of disasters, especially on education, for children. This paper uses a micro level survey data set from the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) which covers approximately 83% of the Indonesian population within the survey area. The main objective of this paper is to examine the effects of earthquakes on students’ performance, measured by their child test scores. This type of disaster was chosen because of its intensity, as measured by the percentage of people killed, and the percentage of people evacuated. Moreover, we also investigate the children who took the test immediately after the earthquake and compare their scores with those whose tests were a year after the earthquake. Arguably an earthquake is an exogenous event, so we use the exogenous variation of earthquake as a natural experiment design to estimate the effect of earthquakes on child test scores. A Difference in Difference model (DiD) can be used for estimating if a certain group is exposed to the causal variable of interest, such as an earthquake, and other groups are not. The results confirm that child test scores are significantly affected by earthquakes.

The Impact of School Operational Assistance Program Implementation at School Level on Senior Secondary Education Enrollment by Households: Evidence from Indonesia in 2007 and 2014 Fairuzah Pertiwi Kartasasmita; Eny Sulistyaningrum
Economics and Finance in Indonesia Volume 67, Number 2, December 2021
Publisher : Institute for Economic and Social Research

Education is recognized worldwide as one of the key elements in developing the human capital of a nation for a prosperous future. Given an almost universal enrollment in primary education, many governments have shifted their focus on students’ motivation to continue to and finish their secondary education. The government of Indonesia has made extensive efforts in widening participation in education. With a growing budget for educational expenditure, various government programs have been implemented to assist students in their learning. One such program is the School Operational Assistance Program (BOS), which has been running for two decades. This paper reports on a study aimed to investigate the impact of the implementation of BOS at a school level on senior secondary school enrollment by households using data obtained from the Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) recorded in 2007 and 2014. By using Propensity Score Matching (PSM), it was found that students whose schools received BOS during their primary education years were more likely to continue their education to senior secondary education than those whose schools did not receive BOS. This shows that a school subsidy could encourage students to continue their education, particularly for students coming from poorer households.

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