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Human Rights Protection in Trade: A Challenge Latif, Birkah; Noor, SM.; Sumardi, Juajir; Rawydharma, Irwansyah
PADJADJARAN Jurnal Ilmu Hukum (Journal of Law) Vol 5, No 2 (2018): PADJADJARAN JURNAL ILMU HUKUM (JOURNAL OF LAW)
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Padjadjaran University

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AbstractIn a global economy, trade is a key element of statesâ economic development. People performs various forms of trade since the beginning of time to the modern day. The debate over the protection of human rights has been excluded in the interests of trade since the occurrence of trade liberalization, despite codification of regulations through international institutions. The purposes of this paper are to analyze whether there are mechanisms for the protection of human rights and trade and to be an effort linking the human rights protection and trade. It is concluded that the protection of human rights in trade has not yet become something elaborated specifically in economic policies. First, in international cooperation, organizations such as WTO and international CSOs can do the propaganda of human rights and trade. Secondly, the government takes public choices and needs to shape the practices of human rights and trade. The WTO looks hesitant in performing its role; it especially moves around trade only. However, the insistence of mutual needs is voiced through the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) program, Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), as well as various other protections such as ICESCR, IUU, etc. The establishment of UN Guiding Principles of Principles on Business and Human Rights (UNGPs) in 2011 becomes the latest momentum for the framework to improve standards and practices of business and human rights.Â AbstrakDalam ekonomi global perdagangan merupakan kunci utama dalam peningkatan ekonomi negara-negara. Berbagai bentuk perdagangan telah dilaksanakan sejak dahulu hingga sampai kepada bentuk modern saat ini. Perdebatan atas perlindungan hak asasi manusia yang tersingkirkan demi kepentingan perdagangan telah dimulai sejak terjadinya liberalisasi perdagangan sekalipun telah dilakukan kodifikasi peraturan melalui lembaga internasional. Kasus-kasus yang menimpa mengantarkan pada tujuan dari tulisan ini yang ingin menganalisa isu atas: apakah terdapat mekanisme perlindungan terhadap hak asasi manusia dan perdagangan? serta bagaimanakah upaya yang dilakukan untuk dapat menautkan antara perlindungan hak asasi manusia dan perdagangan. Dari penulisan ini disimpulkan bahwa perlindungan atas hak asasi manusia yang berkaitan dengan perdagangan belum menjadi sesuatu yang dibahas khusus di dalam kebijakan ekonomi. Pertama, dibutuhkan kerjasama internasional, organisasi seperti WTO dan CSO internasional dapat mempropagandakan agendaÂ perlindungan hak asasi manusia di dalam perdagangan. Peran dari WTO dirasakan âagak raguâ terlebih dengan melihat landasan bergeraknya yang fokus pada perdagangan semata. Namun, desakan atas nama kebutuhan bersama di suarakan melalui program Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)-Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) dan juga berbagai proteksi lainnya seperti ICESCR, IUU dan lainnya. Setelah UN Guiding Principle on Business and Human Rights (UNGPs) lahir di tahun 2011 menjadi momentum terbaru dalam kaitannya kerangka kerja untuk meningkatkan standar dan praktik terkait bisnis dan hak asasi manusia.DOI: https://doi.org/10.22304/pjih.v5n2.a9

KEDUDUKAN HUKUM CYBER CRIME DALAM PERKEMBANGAN HUKUM INTERNASIONAL KONTEMPORER Maskun Maskun; Alma Manuputty; S.M. Noor; Juajir Sumardi
Masalah-Masalah Hukum Masalah-Masalah Hukum Jilid 42, Nomor 4, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Diponegoro

Cybercrime is anewrange ofinternational law, particularlyinternationalcriminallaw. The existence ofcybercrimeis now afactthatshouldbe taken seriouslybythe international community.lmmediateresponseformto do is to regulate the cybercrime internationallybecausethe fact shows that no one convention has foundcybercrime internationally. The existed Convention of CyberC'iime enacts only regionally like European Convention of Cyber Crimeand locally (like in Indonesia), the Law number 11/2008 concerning Information and Electronic Transaction.

Analisis Kewenangan Lembaga Penjamin Simpanan (LPS) dalam Upaya Penjaminan Dana Nasabah Al-Amanah, Tuhfatul Abrar; Sumardi, Juajir; Famauri, Andi Tenri
Alauddin Law Development Journal (ALDEV) Vol 5 No 2 (2023): ALDEV
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/aldev.v5i2.36614

This study aims to implement the Authority and Role of the IDIC in Efforts to Guarantee Customer Funds to provide a sense of security for public savings funds in banks. The method of research is qualitative, using interviews and documentation as data collection methods. The results of this study indicate that (1) The authority and role of LPS in guaranteeing public savings in the banking world is to provide a sense of security for customer deposit funds; (2) the occurrence of cases of bank failures, break-ins, and slips of funds that occurred in the banking world. This is a form of violation that is detrimental to the customer, and LPS, in accordance with the applicable laws and regulations, has the authority to guarantee customer deposits at the bank.

Illicit Enrichment in Corruption Eradication in Indonesia: A Future Strategy Yusuf, M.; Aswanto, Aswanto; Sumardi, Juajir; Maskun, Maskun; Ab Rahman, Nurul Hidayat
Jurnal Media Hukum Vol 31, No 2 (2024): December
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jmh.v31i2.22304

Corruption crimes in Indonesia are on the rise, particularly through illicit enrichment where individuals accumulate wealth outside of legitimate income. Although Indonesia has ratified the United Nations Convention Against Corruption (UNCAC), the specific issue of illicit enrichment outlined in Article 20 has yet to be implemented in national legislation. This article aims to investigate current and potential future strategies to combat such corruption. The research is a normative study using a comparative law approach and corpus-based critical analysis to assess Indonesia's anti-corruption efforts, explore the international standards set by illicit enrichment regulations, and draw lessons from the unexplained wealth laws in the United Kingdom and Australia. This research concludes that Indonesia has ratified UNCAC, but illicit enrichment in Article 20 of UNCAC has not been regulated in the law, so the practice of corruption is still so massive. To overcome this, strategic steps are needed in the future, such as revising the corruption law to include illicit enrichment regulations, optimizing institutions through bureaucratic reform, and activating community participation. Therefore, these three steps are very important in implementing the Illicit Enrichment regulation in advancing the corruption eradication agenda in Indonesia in the future.

Illicit Enrichment in Corruption Eradication in Indonesia: A Future Strategy Yusuf, M.; Aswanto, Aswanto; Sumardi, Juajir; Maskun, Maskun; Ab Rahman, Nurul Hidayat
Jurnal Media Hukum Vol. 31 No. 2: December 2024
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jmh.v31i2.22304

Corruption crimes in Indonesia are on the rise, particularly through illicit enrichment where individuals accumulate wealth outside of legitimate income. Although Indonesia has ratified the United Nations Convention Against Corruption (UNCAC), the specific issue of illicit enrichment outlined in Article 20 has yet to be implemented in national legislation. This article aims to investigate current and potential future strategies to combat such corruption. The research is a normative study using a comparative law approach and corpus-based critical analysis to assess Indonesia's anti-corruption efforts, explore the international standards set by illicit enrichment regulations, and draw lessons from the unexplained wealth laws in the United Kingdom and Australia. This research concludes that Indonesia has ratified UNCAC, but illicit enrichment in Article 20 of UNCAC has not been regulated in the law, so the practice of corruption is still so massive. To overcome this, strategic steps are needed in the future, such as revising the corruption law to include illicit enrichment regulations, optimizing institutions through bureaucratic reform, and activating community participation. Therefore, these three steps are very important in implementing the Illicit Enrichment regulation in advancing the corruption eradication agenda in Indonesia in the future.

Reconstruction of Land Exertion for Investment Sumardi, Juajir
Amsir Law Journal Vol 2 No 2 (2021): April
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Institut Ilmu Sosial dan Bisnis Andi Sapada.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36746/alj.v2i2.40

This study aims to determine the basis of welfare, so the nature of investment in land is placed in the basic values of Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution. The type of research used is normative legal research using a statutory approach. The results show that the concept of diversion through the principle of restorative justice for criminal acts against property has actually been practiced by indigenous peoples in Indonesia since ancient times and is still practiced today, but in the Indonesian legal system or the criminal justice system has not been explicitly regulated in statute form. The use, application and regulation are still at the level of discretion in each law enforcement agency in accordance with the internal rules that bind the respective law enforcement agencies. For this reason, to implement the values contained in Pancasila and the mandate of the state constitution, economic law in the investment sector must be directed at encouraging balanced economic growth, prosperity, and equal distribution of opportunities. In this regard, the obligation to have social and environmental responsibility must be implemented in any investment activity that uses the land as a production factor by giving local governments the role of supervising the implementation level.

Kedudukan Badan Keamanan Laut dalam Penegakan Hukum di Laut Yusuf, Hari Sugiharto; Sumardi, Juajir; Latif, Birkah
Al-Mizan (e-Journal) Vol. 19 No. 2 (2023): Al-Mizan (e-Journal)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Institut Agama Islam Negeri Sultan Amai Gorontalo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30603/am.v19i2.3757

This research discusses the position of the Marine Security Agency in law enforcement at sea. This research uses a statutory approach and a historical approach. Descriptive qualitative analysis technique, namely by describing, explaining, describing, and describing primary legal materials and secondary legal materials following the problems closely related to this research, then drawing a conclusion based on the analysis that has been done. The results showed that the position of the Marine Security Agency (Bakamla) with fellow law enforcers at sea as a coordinator, but it does not eliminate the authority of other law enforcers. Bakamla is present to replace the function of the Marine Security Coordinating Agency (Bakorkamla) which was previously considered to fail in synergizing law enforcement at sea. Meanwhile, Bakamla's authority is to conduct instant pursuit, stop, inspect, arrest, bring ships, and hand over to related agencies. These authorities are authorities that are often found in the investigation process, but Bakamla as a law enforcer at sea, is not given the authority to conduct investigations. Bakamla's authority as an investigator is still waiting for the Omnibus Law on Marine Security which is currently being discussed in the House of Representatives.

Implikasi Hukum Terhadap Peningkatan Sampah Ruang Angkasa Akibat Aktivitas Komersialisasi Ruang Angkasa Muthia, Nuriyah Fara; Sumardi, Juajir; Maskun, Maskun
Al-Mizan (e-Journal) Vol. 19 No. 2 (2023): Al-Mizan (e-Journal)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Institut Agama Islam Negeri Sultan Amai Gorontalo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30603/am.v19i2.4620

This research aims to analyze the legal implications of the increase in space debris generated through space commercialization activities. This research uses a normative legal method using a qualitative approach to determine the application of law in commercial activities carried out in space. The results of this study, namely: (1) the increase in space junk cases caused by commercial activities in space is increasing until 2022 due to various satellites being launched and causing junk to scatter freely in space. The rules of the Outer Space Treaty 1967 are still unable to guarantee legal certainty so that all parties carrying out commercial activities in space obey them; (2) the calculation of damage caused by commercial activities in space will result in liability that has been regulated in the Space Liability Convention 1972 that there are two legal principles governing the responsibility for compensation carried out by all parties in space, both state and private parties.

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