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All Journal JTEV (Jurnal Teknik Elektro dan Vokasional IPTEK The Journal for Technology and Science Journal of Electrical Technology ELECTRON E-JOINT (Electronica and Electrical Journal Of Innovation Technology) Engineering Science Letter INJECTION: Indonesian Journal of Vocational Mechanical Engineering Journal of Sustainability Perspectives
Ali Muhtar
Institut Teknologi Sumatera
Automotive Engineering Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering Social Sciences

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Modelling Optimisation of Distributed PV-Battery Charge and Discharge Modes Using Systems for Improved Sustainable Energy Management Syamsyarief Baqaruzi; Amrina Mustaqim; Ali Muhtar; Muhammad Rizky Hikmatullah; Rahmat Fadhilah; Andika Munandar; Edo Kharisma Army; Setiadi Wira Buana; Rizqi Wahyudi; Muhammad Rifqi Dwi S
Engineering Science Letter Vol. 5 No. 01 (2026): Engineering Science Letter
Publisher : The Indonesian Institute of Science and Technology Research

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56741/IISTR.esl.001508

Abstract

This study examines the simulation of charge and discharge modes of lithium-ion batteries in a distributed photovoltaic system using MATLAB/ Simulink modeling. The objective is to analyze the integration of solar panels with battery-based energy storage systems to optimize performance and efficiency. The methodology involves mathematical modeling of photovoltaic cells based on p-n junctions, with key parameters such as temperature (15–30°C) and irradiance (1000 W/m²), along with the design of a Solar Charge Controller (SCC) to regulate energy flow. Simulations were conducted on four 150 W photovoltaic panels under varying environmental conditions, integrated with parallel-connected 12 V 250 Ah batteries. Results show a system efficiency of 87% at 25°C and 1000 W/m² irradiance, with panel output voltages aligning with mathematical equations (0.15 A error). Discharge mode analysis, accounting for system losses (inverter 5%, SCC 3%, wiring 2%), confirms the battery can supply a 5 Ω load for approximately 2.00 hours at 45% State of Charge (SOC), representing a 9.5% reduction from the ideal calculation. Simulations also compare SCC performance using DC and photovoltaic sources, demonstrating consistency in energy flow regulation. Validation results indicate the Simulink model’s accuracy in representing real-world characteristics, though MATLAB code simulations exhibit higher precision. The study highlights the importance of SCC control and SOC management to enhance battery lifespan and stability in renewable hybrid energy systems. Implications include potential applications.
Deficit Threshold Optimization of an Automatic Transfer Switch for Hybrid Grid-Photovoltaic Systems in Tropical Climates Syamsyarief Baqaruzi; Cuk Supriyadi Ali Nandar; Ali Muhtar; Muhammad Rizky Hikmatullah; Norzanah Rosmin
JET (Journal of Electrical Technology) Vol 11, No 1 (2026): EDISI FEBRUARI
Publisher : Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30743/jet.v11i1.13295

Abstract

The rising demand for dependable power supply in tropical areas, characterized by frequent grid instability, requires the use of automated transfer switches (ATS) in hybrid photovoltaic (PV)-grid systems. This study assesses the efficacy of an Arduino Mega 2560-based Automated Testing System (ATS) coupled with a 100 Wp polycrystalline photovoltaic panel and a 12 V 100 Ah battery in the tropical climate of Lampung, Indonesia, over a span of 15 consecutive days in January. The process encompasses hardware design, the construction of a control algorithm based on a multi-objective cost function incorporating risk factors, field data gathering, and MATLAB simulation. The findings indicate that the system attains 80% grid independence based on day count and exceeds 95% based on total energy, accompanied with a minimal switching frequency of 0.2 occurrences per day, signifying stable operation devoid of chattering. A significant contribution is the optimization of the shortfall threshold: adjusting the threshold from 0 Wh to –10 Wh decreases grid reliance from three days to one day, enhancing PV utilization from 80% to 93.3% without adding battery capacity. The relationship between irradiance and photovoltaic energy is robust (r = 0.94, R² = 0.88), with an average system efficiency of 10.04%, which is plausible for polycrystalline panels in hot, humid environments, including cable, inverter, and heat losses. The boxplot analysis verifies the absence of overlap between energy balances on photovoltaic days and grid days, hence affirming the reliability of ATS judgments. In conclusion, the suggested ATS featuring an adjustable deficit threshold is an economical and dependable option for telecommunication infrastructure in tropical developing areas.
Forecasting of Using Electricity Consumption at ITERA (Institut Teknologi Sumatera) until 2025, to Improve Application of Renewable Energy in Lampung Province Syamsyarief Baqaruzi; Ali Muhtar; Deny Juanda Puradimaja
Journal of Sustainability Perspectives Vol 1, No 3 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1056.953 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/jsp.2021.12025

Abstract

Institut Teknologi Sumatera (ITERA) is a new campus located in Lampung province- Indonesia. It is almost 6 years old, within large data on the total population human activity in this 275-hectare campus around 9500 persons, so that necessary to forecasting energy demand in the future, ITERA can project programs that are in line with the Indonesian government, specifically increasing using of renewable energy. which the government has a national energy policy in 2025 of 23%. Mostly in Lampung province, the electricity produced is still dominated by fossil energy (e.g., coal, diesel, etc), therefore as a campus with a technological background, ITERA must be able to bring a paradigm shift to be used from electricity consumption in the surrounding areas. The results of this study will project electricity usage in ITERA over the next 5 year, where electricity usage in ITERA 2019 is 2.472 GWh or 6,775 KWh/day, expected with a development strategy to implementing the efficiency of green energy, so that can meet the challenges of reducing CO2 emissions and energy-saving behavior, also keep sustainable impact for Indonesia.
Co-Authors Amir Shodiq Amrina Mustaqim Andika Munandar Andree Fajar Pratama Bima Arifanto Buana, Setiadi Wira Cuk Supriyadi Ali Nandar Deny Juanda Puradimaja Edo Kharisma Army Firman Oswaldo Sitompul Gde KM Atmajaya Muhammad Rifqi Dwi S Muhammad Rizky Hikmatullah Norzanah Rosmin Prasetyawan, Purwono Putty Yunesti Rahmat Fadhilah Rizqi Wahyudi Sabhan Kanata Satria Pratama Ramadhannusa Shovyana Wulan Tika Sukma Sanjaya Syamsyarief Baqaruzi Yunita Septiyanda