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Synthesis of 9-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-3,3,6,6-tetra-3,4,5,6,7,9- hexahydro-2H-xantene-1 using Lime and Lemon Juice as the Environmentally Friendly Catalyst and Its Antioxidant Activity Rini Retnosari; Nurul Ultiyati; Aman Santoso; Siti Marfu'ah; Ihsan Budi Rachman
Jurnal Kimia dan Kemasan Vol. 43 No. 2 Oktober 2021
Publisher : Balai Besar Kimia dan Kemasan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24817/jkk.v43i2.7027

The 9-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-3,3,6,6-tetra-3,4,5,6,7,9-hexahydro-2H-xantene-1 compound, which is addressed as compound 1 in this study, is the derivatives of 1,8-dioxo- octahydroxantene. This compound has a carbonyl group and double bond on beta carbon toward the carbonyl group and benzene ring. The presence of this chromophore helps the compound creates intermediate stabilized by resonance from its interaction with free radicals and has the potential to be an antioxidant. Compound 1 was synthesized from p- methoxybenzaldehyde and dimedone through Knoevenagel condensation reaction using an acid as catalyst. The lime and lemon juice was selected as a catalyst to support green chemistry principle. The obtained product includes white powder with a melting point of 222-224oC. The IR analysis results, GC-MS, and 1H-NMR data show that the compound structure of Compound 1. Meanwhile, the antioxidant activity test using the DPPH method reveal that Compound 1 has the antioxidant activity with IC50 of 22.74 ppm.

Synthesis of 9-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-3,3,6,6-tetra-3,4,5,6,7,9- hexahydro-2H-xantene-1 using Lime and Lemon Juice as the Environmentally Friendly Catalyst and Its Antioxidant Activity Rini Retnosari; Nurul Ultiyati; Aman Santoso; Siti Marfu'ah; Ihsan Budi Rachman
Jurnal Kimia dan Kemasan Vol. 43 No. 2 Oktober 2021
Publisher : Balai Besar Kimia dan Kemasan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24817/jkk.v43i2.7027

The 9-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-3,3,6,6-tetra-3,4,5,6,7,9-hexahydro-2H-xantene-1 compound, which is addressed as compound 1 in this study, is the derivatives of 1,8-dioxo- octahydroxantene. This compound has a carbonyl group and double bond on beta carbon toward the carbonyl group and benzene ring. The presence of this chromophore helps the compound creates intermediate stabilized by resonance from its interaction with free radicals and has the potential to be an antioxidant. Compound 1 was synthesized from p- methoxybenzaldehyde and dimedone through Knoevenagel condensation reaction using an acid as catalyst. The lime and lemon juice was selected as a catalyst to support green chemistry principle. The obtained product includes white powder with a melting point of 222-224oC. The IR analysis results, GC-MS, and 1H-NMR data show that the compound structure of Compound 1. Meanwhile, the antioxidant activity test using the DPPH method reveal that Compound 1 has the antioxidant activity with IC50 of 22.74 ppm.

Thermodynamic and Infrared Spectroscopy Analysis of Tert-butyl Chloride and Hydroxide Nucleophilic Substitution Reaction Using Computational Method Ihsan Budi Rachman; Hunumi Oktiyani Rusdi; Endang Ciptawati; Daratu Eviana Kusuma Puteri; Rini Retnosari; Aman Santosa
Jurnal Kartika Kimia Vol 3 No 2 (2020): Jurnal Kartika Kimia
Publisher : Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Informatics, Jenderal Achmad Yani University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26874/jkk.v3i2.60

Reaksi substitusi nukleofilik adalah salah satu reaksi yang penting dan umum dipelajari pada kimia organik. Mekanisme bagaimana reaksi sebenarnya berlangsung dan spesi apa yang berperan pada sistem sehingga terbentuk produk, diulas pada penelitian ini. Pada penelitian ini, dimodelkan reaksi substitusi nukleofilik senyawa tersier butil klorida oleh ion hidroksida. Pemodelan komputasi pada penelitian ini, digunakan software Putty, Marvin, NWChem, Avogadro, dan ECCE Viewer. Hasil akhir perhitungan komputasi, didapatkan besaran termodinamika berupa energi aktivasi 230.9478 kcal mol-1, entalpi reaksi -7101.74808 kcal mol-1, entropi reaksi -40.178 cal/mol-K dan energi bebas Gibbs sebesar 4877.32262 kcal mol-1. Lebih lanjut, kestabilan dan reaktivitas molekul pada reaksi ini, dianalisis menggunakan pemodelan molekul dan spektroskopi infra merah. Kata kunci: kimia komputasi, substitusi nukleofilik, tersier butil klorida

Analisis Perbandingan Proses Pengolahan Ikan Lele terhadap Kadar Nutrisinya Endang Ciptawati; Ihsan Budi Rachman; Hanumi Oktiyani Rusdi; Mieke Alvionita
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Analysis (IJCA) Vol. 4 No. 1 (2021): Indonesian Journal of Chemical Analysis
Publisher : Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/ijca.vol4.iss1.art5

Telah dilakukan riset pengaruh proses pengolahan bahan makanan terhadap kandungan nutrisi ikan lele. Tujuan dari riset ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh proses pengolahan dalam hal ini pengukusan dan penggorengan terhadap kandungan nutrisi ikan lele. Penelitian ini difokuskan pada penentuan kadar air karena mempengaruhi keawetan makanan, kadar abu karena merepresentasikan kandungan mineral dalam ikan dan kadar protein karena ikan merupakan salah satu sumber protein hewani yang potensial. Prosedur yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pengujian kandungan air dengan thermogravimetri, kandungan abu memakai dry ashing, dan kandungan protein menggunakan metode Lowry-Folin. Jika dibandingkan dengan ikan lele segar, pada ikan lele yang digoreng, terjadi penurunan persentase air sebanyak 32,64%, kandungan abu meningkat 1,40% dankandungan protein menurun sebanyak 112,97 mg/L. Sementara pada proses pengukusan, kadar protein menurun sebesar 99,58 mg/L jika dibandingkan dengan ikan lele segar. Penurunan kadar protein pada ikan yang diolah disebabkan karena terjadinya denaturasi protein pada ikan lele oleh pemanasan. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberi gambaran kepada masyarakat mengenai pengaruh penurunan kadar nutrisi akibat proses pengolahan ikan lele.

Isolasi dan Optimasi Transesterifikasi Minyak Biji Pepaya (Carica papaya) sebagai Sumber Energi Terbarukan Aman Santos; Farashinta Nadia; Rini Retnosari; Anugrah Ricky Wijaya; Sumari Sumari; Ihsan Budi Rachman
JC-T (Journal Cis-Trans): Jurnal Kimia dan Terapannya Vol 4, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : State University of Malang or Universitas Negeri Malang (UM)

AbstrakLimbah biji pepaya Indonesia sebanyak 134.904,75 ton, mengandung minyak yang berpotensi ditransesterifikasi menjadi metal serta berpotensi sebagai biodiesel. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan: (1) kondisi optimum sintesis biodiesel dengan dua tahapan reaksi, (2) karakter metil ester sintetis melalui transesterifikasi, dan (3) komponen metil ester sintetis serta potensinya sebagai biodiesel. Tahapan penelitian eksperimental laboratoris ini, yaitu: (1) ekstraksi minyak biji pepaya, (2) sintesis metil ester dari minyak biji pepaya, (3) karakterisasi metil ester sintetis dan uji potensi biodiesel meliputi penentuan densitas, viskositas, indeks bias, dan uji bilangan asam, dan (4) identifikasi komponen metil ester sintetis dengan GC-MS. Rendemen tertinggi metil ester sintetis diperoleh 75,82% b/b pada konsentrasi katalis KOH 1% b/b dengan karakteristik viskositas 4,76 cSt, massa jenis 0,85 g/mL, bilangan asam 0,70 mg KOH/g, dan indeks bias 1,44, maka metil ester sintetis telah memenuhi SNI 04-7182-2006 dan berpotensi sebagai biodiesel. Hasil uji GC-MS menunjukkan adanya metil palmitat 14,58%, metil oleat 78,87%, dan metil stearat 4,57%.

Assisted ultrasonic wave of vanillin derivatives synthesis and antioxidant activity using DPPH method Retnosari, Rini; Sari, Karina Kurnia; Marfu'ah, Siti; Sutrisno; Rachman, Ihsan Budi
Communications in Science and Technology Vol 7 No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Komunitas Ilmuwan dan Profesional Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21924/cst.7.2.2022.963

In recent years, the need for compounds with antioxidant activities have expanded. Generally, the natures of these compounds involve the presence of conjugated double bonds, phenolic groups, and resonance effects on the structure. One of the compounds with the phenolic group is vanillin. It can be modified into the derivative of 1,8-dioxo-octahydroxantene compound due to its aldehyde content. Meanwhile, 1,8-dioxo-octahydroxantene compound has two 2- cyclohexenone rings bound in the pyran ring and one phenolic group, expected to carry more excellent antioxidant activity than vanillin. The 9-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3,4,5,6,7,9- hexahydro -1H-xantene-1,8(2H)-dione (Compound 1) was synthesized from 1,3- cyclohexanedione and vanillin through Knoevenagel's condensation reaction aided with an acid catalyst with a single reaction phase. Besides, green chemistry was adopted in this study using environmentally friendly catalysts from lime juice and ultrasonic wave. The synthesized compounds' structure was confirmed through the spectrophotometer IR, GC-MS, and 1H-NMR spectrometer, while its antioxidant activity was tested using the DPPH method. The reaction occurred with and without lime juice catalyst, producing yields of 6.65% and 70.58%, respectively. The results of the antioxidant activity test suggest that Compound 1 carries substantially robust antioxidant activities, with IC50 of 0.99 ppm.

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