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All Journal HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology BIODIVERS - BIOTROP Scientific Magazine

SOEKISMAN TJITROSEMITO

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Author-ID : 404310

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Energy Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology Veterinary

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Articles

Secretory Duct Structure and Phytochemistry Compounds of Yellow Latex in Mangosteen Fruit DORLY DORLY; SOEKISMAN TJITROSEMITO; ROEDHY POERWANTO; JULIARNI JULIARNI
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 15 No. 3 (2008): September 2008
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Yellow latex is the main problem in mangosteen agribusiness, because it is one factor lowering the fruit quality. The structure of yellow latex secretory ducts in the flower and fruit as well as in the root, stem and leaf of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) seedling and the qualitative phytochemistry of yellow latex were studied. The ducts were branched, canal-like type. They were found in the exocarp, mesocarp, endocarp, aril of the fruit, flower, stem, and leaf. In the fruit, the biggest diameter of the secretory ducts was found in the endocarp. There were continuous secretory ducts from fruit stalk to the fruit. Ultrastructural observation showed that the ducts surrounded by specific epithelial cells, which were living cells containing dense cytoplasm with plastid, mitochondria and golgi apparatus organelles. The qualitative test indicated that the yellow latex collected from stem bark, outer part of fruit, young fruit pericarp, mature aril and young aril contained terpenoid, flavonoid and tannin, but not alkaloid, saponin and steroid, except in the young aril containing the steroid. Key words: secretory ducts, yellow latex, endocarp, aril, epithelial cells

Tolerance Levels of Roadside Trees to Air Pollutants Based on Relative Growth Rate and Air Pollution Tolerance Index SULISTIJORINI RINI; ZAINAL ALIM MASUD; NIZAR NASRULLAH; AHMAD BEY; SOEKISMAN TJITROSEMITO
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 15 No. 3 (2008): September 2008
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Motor vehicles release carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, sulphur dioxide, and particulate matters to the air as pollutants. Vegetation can absorb these pollutants through gas exchange processes. The objective of this study was to examine the combination of the relative growth rate (RGR) and physiological responses in determining tolerance levels of plant species to air pollutants. Physiological responses were calculated as air pollution tolerance index (APTI). Eight roadside tree species were placed at polluted (Jagorawi highway) and unpolluted (Sindangbarang field) area. Growth and physiological parameters of the trees were recorded, including plant height, leaf area, total ascorbate, total chlorophyll, leaf-extract pH, and relative water content. Scoring criteria for the combination of RGR and APTI method was given based on means of the two areas based on two-sample t test. Based on the total score of RGR and APTI, Lagerstroemia speciosa was categorized as a tolerant species; and Pterocarpus indicus, Delonix regia, Swietenia macrophylla were categorized as moderately tolerant species. Gmelina arborea, Cinnamomum burmanii, and Mimusops elengi were categorized as intermediate tolerant species. Lagerstroemia speciosa could be potentially used as roadside tree. The combination of RGR and APTI value was better to determinate tolerance level of plant to air pollutant than merely APTI method. Key words: air pollutants, tolerance of roadside trees, relative growth rate, physiological responses, air pollution tolerance index

Nitrogen Resorption and Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Cacao Agroforestry Systems Managed Differently in Central Sulawesi TRIADIATI TRIADIATI; SOEKISMAN TJITROSEMITO; EDI GUHARDJA; SUDARSONO SUDARSONO; IBNUL QAYIM; CHRISTOPH LEUSCHNER
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 14 No. 4 (2007): December 2007
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Cacao agroforestry is a traditional form of agriculture practiced by the people of Central Sulawesi. These agroforestry systems vary from a simple system following selective cutting of forest trees, to a more sophisticated planting design. The cacao was planted under remaining forest covers (CF1), under planted trees (CF2), and between shade trees Gliricidia sepium (CP). The objectives of this study were to quantify nitrogen use efficiency (N NUE) and nitrogen resorption in cacao agroforestry systems. The N NUE at the ecosystem scale (N NUEES) for the cacao agroforestry systems were compared with the natural forest. The results showed that CP produced the highest litterfall and cacao foliar nitrogen. CP and CF1 produced litterfall and the nitrogen resorption that not were significantly different. In contrast, CF2 produced the lowest litterfall, hence required lower nitrogen supply. The nitrogen resorption of CF2 was less than that of CF1 and CP. However, N NUE in cacao plant (N NUEC) of CF2 was higher than that of the CP. The N NUEES of either CF1 or CF2 were similar to that of the natural forest, but higher than that of the CP. Using shade trees in cacao plantations increased foliar nitrogen concentration, nitrogen resorption, N NUEC and N NUEES; thus, might be one reason for a higher productivity of cacao in unshaded systems. Key words: cacao agroforestry system, cacao foliar nitrogen, nitrogen resorption, N NUE

BEKOL SAVANNA REHABILITATION BY CONTROLLING VACHELLIA NILOTICA WITH TRICLOPYIR AND DESIRED GRASSES REPLANTING Tjitrosemito, Soekisman; Irianto, Ragil; Garsetiarsih, Garsetiarsih; Setyawati, Titiek; Subiyakto, Atok; Susmianto, Adi
BIODIVERS - BIOTROP Science Magazine Vol. 3 No. 2 (2024): BIODIVERS Volume 3 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56060/bdv.2024.3.2.2168

Research works were carried out from 2012 – 2015 to investigate success of controlling broadleaved weed and trees of V.nilotica and planting desired grasses The tretments were combined 3 factors. Factor 1, was the way to apply triclopyr formulated as GARLON 670 EC to control trees of V.nilotica, (1). by brushing the solution of 1% GARLON 670 EC dissolved in diesel oil on the stump of V.nilotica after cutting using a chainsaw, and by (2). brushing at the base of intact standing tree of V. nilotica, from above the ground up to 30 cm height. Factor 2, was grasses (1). Dichanthium caricosum, and (2). Polytrias amaura planted ad 1 x 1 m2. Factor 3 was fertilizer, (1) planted grasses were fertilized with compost derived from goat feces at 100 gr/ single chunk planted, and (2) without fertilizer. The results indicated that grass grew better under the treatment of killing V.nilotica by cutting and brushing with 1% GARLON 670 EC dissolved in diesel oil, while fertilizing D.caricosum was much better to than of P.amaura.

Biodiversity Contribution to Sustainable Development Goals in Indonesia Tjitrosemito, Soekisman
BIODIVERS - BIOTROP Science Magazine Vol. 2 No. 1 (2023): BIODIVERS (BIOTROP Science Magazine) : Agro-Eco-Edu-Tourism in Managing Tropica
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56060/bdv.2023.2.1.1994

In 2015, the world leaders agreed to the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)- a shared blueprint for peace, prosperity for people, and the planet, now and into the future. These SDGs are 1. No poverty, 2. Zero hunger, 3. Good Health and Well-being, 4. Quality Education, 5. Gender Equality, 6. Clean Water and Sanitation, 7. Affordable and Clean Energy, 8. Decent work and Economic Growth, 9. Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure, 10. Reduced inequalities, 11. Sustainable cities and communities, 12. Responsible consumption and production, 13. Climate Action, 14. Life below Water, 15. Life on Land, 16. Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions, 17. Partnership for the Goals, 17. Sustainable Development Goals Integration. In this article, we propose and highlight the rapid loss of biodiversity and dangerously changing climate are some indicators of this crisis.

Kompetisi antara Ekotipe Echinochloa crus-galli pada Beberapa Tingkat Populasi dengan Padi Sawah (Competition of Echinochloa crus-galli Ecotypes at Several Populations Against Lowland Rice) Guntoro, Dwi; Chozin, Muhamad Achmad; Santosa, Edi; Tjitrosemito, Soekisman; Burhan, Abdul Harris
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 37 No. 3 (2009): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Echinochloa crus-galli is a major weed in paddy field that reduces rice yield. The objective of the research was to study the effect of E. crus-galli ecotypes and populations on rice growth and production. The research was conducted in a green house using split plot design with three replications. The main plot consisted of three E. crus-galli ecotypes i.e ecotype from Karawang, Cikampek, and Sukabumi. E. crus-galli population as sub plot consisted of 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 E. crus-galli per pot. The results showed that ecotype of E. crus-galli affected plant height, number of tiller, and panicle density. The competitivenes against rice of E. crus-galli ecotype Cikampek was higher than that of ecotype Sukabumi and Karawang. Population E. crus-galli affected rice growth and production. Population of E. crus-galli 4/pot decreased spikelets weight about 48.0% and filled spikelets weight about 46.2%. Interaction of ecotype and population of E. crus-galli did not affect rice growth and production. Key words: competition, ecotype, E. crus-galli, population, weed.

Studi Pemberian Kalsium untuk Mengatasi Getah Kuning pada Buah Manggis (Garcinia mangostana L.) Dorly, ,; Wulandari, Indah; Poerwanto, Roedhy; Efendi, Darda; Tjitrosemito, Soekisman
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 39 No. 1 (2011): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Gamboge is the main problem in mangosteen agribusiness because it is one of the major factors lowering fruit quality. Calcium is one of the important elements that strengthening cell wall; it is which was binding with the pectin as a middle lamella component. The objectives of the research were to study the effect of calcium application on the presence of gamboge spots, physical, and chemical properties of mangosteen fruit. Trial was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications in two consecutive years. The calcium source was dolomite, applied in four different dosages, i.e. 0, 18, 24, and 34 ton ha-1 for the fi rst year and 0, 12.5, 15, and 17.5 ton ha-1 for the second year. The results showed that calcium application raised soil pH and calcium content of the soil, exocarp and mangosteen leaves. Dolomite applications using 18 and 24 ton ha-1 in the fi rst year and 17.5 ton ha-1 in the second year were effective to reduce gamboge spots on the outer part of fruit, however they were not effective to reduce gamboge in aril. Dolomite applications did not increase transversal diameter, fruit weight, total soluble solids, total titratable acids, and ratio of total soluble solids with total titratable acids of the fruits.

Kandungan, Resorpsi N dan P serta Specifi c Leaf Area Daun Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) pada Cekaman Kekeringan Prihastanti, Erma; Tjitrosemito, Soekisman; Sopandie, Didy; Qayim, Ibnul; Leuschner, Christoph
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 39 No. 1 (2011): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Plant nutrient absorptions depend on their environment and plants’ stage of development. Beside from soil, nutrient absorption also proceed through resorption in leaves. The resorption efficiency varies based on types of habitat. Drought stress also influences the efficiency of nutrient resorption, growth rate, and plant development. The purpose of this research was to study the change of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) content and leaf resorption value of N and P, and specific leaf area of 6-years old cacao grown under drought stress. Research was carried out in a cacao plantation with 7-years old Gliricidia sepium Jacq. as shading trees. The results showed that drought stress with Troughfall Displacement Experiment (TDE) system did not affect the content and resorption level of N and P of cacao leaves. However, N resorption of cacao leaves tended to increase while P resorption decreased. Cacao plants experienced drought stress have the ability to resorp leaf N for 46.64-50.63%, leaf P for 47.98-58.40%, whereas, the control plants had the leaf N resorption of 45.05-52.97%, and leaf P resorption of 36.64-44.10%. Drought stress for 13 months on 6-years old cacao did not affect specifi c leaf area.

THE PERFORMANCE OF SOYBEAN (c.v. Americana) ESTABLISHED BY ZERO TILLAGE TECHNIQUE IN IMPERATA FIELD CONTROLLED BY HERBICIDES TJITROSEMITO, SOEKISMAN
BIOTROPIA No. 2 (1989)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

AÂ fieldÂ experimentÂ wasÂ conductedÂ toÂ investigateÂ the performanceÂ ofÂ soybeanÂ (c.v.Â Americana)Â when established with zero tillage technique on Imperata dominated area. Four different techniques of alang-alang controlÂ i.e.Â imazapyrÂ (20Â kgÂ ai/ha),Â glyphosateÂ (25Â kgÂ ai/ha),Â glufosinateÂ (3.0Â kgÂ ai/ha)Â andÂ manual cultivation were arranged factorially with time of plantings i.e. 1,2 and 3 months after treatments. TheÂ alang-alangÂ damagesÂ variedÂ withÂ herbicidesÂ andÂ times,Â imazapyrÂ (20Â kgÂ ai/ha) showed slow appearance of damage at 3 months after application it was only 69%, while that of glufosinate was already down to 48% due to regrowth. No phytotoxicity was recorded, but the yield was low.

INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT OF CHROMOLAENA ODORATA EMPHASIZING THE CLASSICAL BIOLOGICAL CONTROL TJITROSEMITO, SOEKISMAN
BIOTROPIA No. 11 (1998)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.1998.0.11.140

Chromolaena odorata, Siam weed, a very important weed of Java Island (Indonesia) is native to Central and South America. In the laboratory it showed rapid growth (1.15 g/g/week) in the first 8 weeks of its growth. The biomass was mainly as leaves (LAR : 317.50 cm'/g total weight). It slowed down in the following month as the biomass was utilized for stem and branch formation. This behavior supported the growth of C. odorata into a very dense stand. It flowered, fruited during the dry season, and senesced following maturation of seeds from inflorescence branches. These branches dried out, but soon the stem resumed aggressive growth following the wet season. Leaf biomass was affected by the size of the stem in its early phase of regrowth, but later on it was more affected by the number of branches. The introduction of Pareuchaetes pseudoinsulata to Indonesia, was successful only in North Sumatera. In Java it has not been reported to establish succesfully. The introduction of another biological control agent, Procecidochares conneca to Indonesia was shown to be specific and upon release in West Java it established immediately. It spread exponentially in the first 6 months of its release. Field monitoring continues to evaluate the impact of the agents. Other biocontrol agents (Actmole anteas and Conotrachelus) wilt be introduced to Indonesia in 1997 through ACIAR Project on the Biological Control of Chromolaena odorata in Indonesia and Papua New Guinea. Keywords: Indonesia / North Sumatra / West Java / Biological control / Chromolaena odorata i Pareuchaetes pseudoinsulata I Procecidochares conneca.

Co-Authors , Dorly , Triadiati Abdul Harris Burhan AHMAD BEY Christoph Leuschner Didy Sopandie Dorly Dorly Dwi Guntoro Edi Guhardja Edi Santosa Efendi, Darda Erma Prihastanti Garsetiarsih, Garsetiarsih IBNUL QAYIM Indah Wulandari Irianto, Ragil JULIARNI JULIARNI M A Chozin NIZAR NASRULLAH Roedhy Poerwanto Subiyakto, Atok Sudarsono Sulistijorini Susmianto, Adi Titiek Setyawati ZAINAL ALIM MASUD

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