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Implementasi Salus Populi Suprema Lex di Tengah Karut-Marut Kebijakan PPKM di Indonesia Aini Shalihah
Jurnal Justisia : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Perundang-undangan dan Pranata Sosial Vol 7, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Law Department, Sharia and Law Faculty.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/justisia.v7i1.12228

The Covid-19 pandemic has hit Indonesia since the beginning of 2020 until now which has shattered the joints of people's lives, including the economic and other sectors. This is certainly a challenge for the government to deal with the pace of Covid-19. So far, the government has issued various regulatory policies starting from the PSBB, New Normal, Micro PPKM, Emergency PPKM, PPKM Level 1-4, and most recently PPKM Nataru. Since PPKM was enacted, it was considered a solution for the government to be able to cope with the pandemic, with the aim of people's safety being the highest law. The government considers that PPKM is a form of salus populi suprema lex. This is why the government needs to issue policies related to PPKM regulations. With the hope that all elements of society can comply with these rules in order to reduce the number of active spreads. However, with the government always revising the rules related to PPKM policies, it invites problems. This is considered by the government to be less ready to formulate regulatory policies related to PPKM. Besides the government is considered immature in making policies regarding the existence of PPKM regulations, its implementation is still chaotic and far from the principle of salus populi suprema lex expected by the government. This then needs to be discussed further in relation to the application of the principle of salus populi suprema lex amidst the chaotic PPKM policies during the pandemic. This paper aims to find out related to the implementation of the principle of salus populi suprema lex which is claimed to be the most solutive solution during a pandemic through the PPKM policy issued by the government. This study uses a normative juridical approach and empirical juridical approach and analyzed using the descriptive analysis method. The results of this study indicate that in realizing the implementation of the Salus Populi Suprema Lex in dealing with the rate of Covid-19, apart from the government being responsible for protecting the people and the important role of the community, it is also a vital element in the success of policies and regulations issued by the central/regional government related to handling Covid-19 as well as PPKM.Keywords: Implementation; Salus populi suprema lex; Politic; PPKM;

Kompleksitas Penyelesaian Sengketa Kewenangan Konstitusional Lembaga Negara oleh Mahkamah Konstitusi Aini Shalihah; Ernawati Huroiroh
APHTN-HAN Vol 1 No 1 (2022): JAPHTN-HAN, January 2022
Publisher : Asosiasi Pengajar Hukum Tata Negara dan Hukum Administrasi Negara

Penyelesaian sengketa kewenangan lembaga negara yang kewenangannya dilimpahkan oleh Undang-Undang Dasar 1945 melalui Mahkamah Konstitusi, hal ini masih menyisakan tanda tanya serta problematika. Di dalam Undang-Undang Mahkamah Konstitusi sendiri masih mengandung multi-interpretasi mengenai frasa lembaga negara. Tidak dijelaskan secara spesifik mengenai lembaga-lembaga negara apa saja yang kemudian menjadi lingkup kewenangan Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam menyelesaikan sengketa kewenangan lembaga negara. Mengingat bahwa pembahasan lembaga negara di Indonesia itu amat luas, dalam artian tidak hanya ada 1 ataupun 2 lembaga negara saja. Tujuan dari penulisan ini ingin menganalisis tentang bagaimana kompleksitas penyelesaian sengketa kewenangan lembaga negara oleh Mahkamah Konstitusi. Metode yang dipakai ialah penelitian hukum normatif dengan mengambil pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual. Hasil pembahasan menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kompleksitas dalam penyelesaian sengketa kewenangan lembaga negara yaitu dari konsep lembaga-lembaga negara serta optimalisasi dari proses penyelesaiannya. Dalam hal ini, tampaknya undang-undang memberikan keleluasaan bagi hakim Mahkamah Konstitusi untuk menafsirkan apa dan siapa lembaga negara yang dapat bersengketa di Mahkamah Konstitusi. Sehingga melalui Peraturan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 08/PMK/2006 hakim Mahkamah Konstitusi memberikan penegasan antara subjectum litis dan objectum litis dalam sengketa kewenangan lembaga negara.

Implementasi Demokrasi Ekonomi Sejak Diberlakukannya Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2023 Penetapan Perppu Nomor 2 Tahun 2022 Tentang Cipta Kerja menjadi UU Aini Shalihah; Lian Fawahan
Jurist-Diction Vol. 6 No. 2 (2023): Volume 6 No. 2, April 2023
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jd.v6i2.42353

AbstractThis article aims to determine and analyze the legitimacy of actions the presence of Law Number 6 of 2023 concerning the Stipulation of Perppu Number 2 of 2022 concerning Job Creation cannot yet be said to be a solution to stabilize economic democracy in Indonesia. In terms of substance, the law contains several economic contents such as workers' wages and others. This is because there is still opposition from the public regarding this policy and the government, in the process of making the mechanism for this policy, is considered to have injured the Law on the Formation of Legislation, namely in terms of community participation. So then, the application or implementation of economic democracy in the field is still far from optimal. Because in this case the government often makes policies that do not involve public participation. So public participation in Law No. 6 of 2023 proves that economic democracy is currently still not resolved. Keywords: Democracy; Economy; Indonesia; Determination of Job Creation Perppu. AbstrakUndang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2023 tentang Penetapan Perppu Nomor 2 Tahun 2022 tentang Cipta Kerja masih belum bisa dikatakan sebagai solusi untuk menstabilkan demokrasi ekonomi di Indonesia. UU tersebut dalam hal substansi mengandung beberapa muatanmuatan ekonomi seperti halnya upah pekerja maupun yang lain. Hal ini disebabkan karena masih ada pertentangan dari masyarakat terkait kebijakan ini serta pemerintah dalam proses mekanisme pembuatan dari kebijakan ini dianggap menciderai UU Pembentukan Peraturan Perundang-undangan yakni dalam hal partisipasi masyarakat. Sehingga kemudian, penerapan ataupun pelaksanaan demokrasi ekonomi di lapangan masih jauh dari kata maksimal. Dikarenakan dalam hal ini pemerintah sering membuat kebijakan yang belum melibatkan partisipasi publik. Jadi public participation dalam UU No.6 Tahun 2023 membuktikan bahwa demokrasi ekonomi saat ini masih belum teratasi. Kata Kunci: Demokrasi; Ekonomi; Indonesia; Penetapan Perppu Cipta Kerja.

Konstitusionalitas Perubahan Postur APBN Melalui Perppu Ernawati Huroiroh; Aini Shalihah; Ahmad Rifki Mubarak; Imam Muslim
Sosio Yustisia: Jurnal Hukum dan Perubahan Sosial Vol. 1 No. 2 (2021): November
Publisher : Magister Hukum Tata Negara Pascasarjana UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya

Pandemi Covid-19 telah membawa dampak negatif diberbagai sektor kehidupan masyarakat. Hal ini menjadikan alasan bagi Presiden selaku kepala negara sekaligus kepala pemerintahan untuk melakukan upaya penyelamatan melalui perubahan kebijakan keuangan negara dengan mengeluarkan Peraturan Pemerintah Pengganti Undang-Undang (Perppu). Studi ini difokuskan untuk menguraikan alasan akademik dan landasan konstitusional perubahan postur Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Negara (APBN) oleh Presiden yang dilakukan melalui Perppu. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menjawab apakah konstitusi mengatur perubahan postur APBN melalui Perppu dapat dikatakan sebagai suatu tindakan hukum yang sesuai dengan konstitusi atau sebaliknya, serta bagaimana alasan yuridis didalamnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif dengan Pendekatan Perundang-Undangan (statuta approach) dan pendekatan konseptual (conceptual approach). Tulisan ini menyimpulkan bahwa perubahan postur APBN melalui Perppu merupakan suatu tindakan hukum yang sesuai dengan bunyi Pasal 22 ayat (1) Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945 dimana Perppu tersebut dapat dikeluarkan oleh Presiden dalam keadaan hal ihwal dan kegentingan yang memaksa seperti halnya dalam keadaan pandemi Covid-19 ini yang mengharuskan Presiden untuk mengeluarkan berbagai kebijakan termasuk perihal anggaran keuangan negara demi keselamatan rakyat dan negara.

Perbandingan Constitutional Theory Dalam Doktrin Para Ahli Sebagai Bentuk Landasan Kelembagaan Negara Aini Shalihah; Fahrizal Nur Mahalli; Ahmadi
Sosio Yustisia: Jurnal Hukum dan Perubahan Sosial Vol. 3 No. 1 (2023): May
Publisher : Magister Hukum Tata Negara Pascasarjana UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15642/sosyus.v3i1.360

The constitution is basically a set of rules that regulate and shape the organs of government and their authorities, as well as the foundations of the state. The constitution functions in maintaining the stability and continuity of political and legal structures as well as the basic principles that serve as guidelines and are formulated in written form. This paper will analyze the comparison of constitutional theory in the doctrine of experts as a form of state institutional basis. With a comparative study between each character, the results of this paper aim to add to the body of knowledge about the world's constitutional theory. Broadly speaking, the constitution is the basic law which is then used as a guide in the administration of a country and there are also two kinds of constitutions, namely written constitutions and also unwritten constitutions. Regarding this matter, the author will analyze how the concept of constitution and state institutions from C.F. Strong, K.C. Wheare, Henc vam Maarseveen as well as from Pancasila law state thinkers (Indonesia) such as Jimly Asshiddiqie and Bagir Manan. This paper uses normative legal research methods using a comparative approach and a conceptual approach. The results of the discussion show that C.F.Strong's concept of state institutions states that the general attributes that must be owned by a modern constitutional state must have branches of legislative, executive and judicial powers. Then K.C. Wheare and Henc van Maarseveen stated that the constitution forms the main institutions of government, such as the legislature, executive and judiciary, while the determination of the composition and method of appointing these institutions is often left to ordinary law. Then, the concept of the Indonesian constitution that state institutions that have been contained in the Indonesian constitution have actually been the result of transformations from world doctrines such as the concepts of C.F.Strong, K.C.Wheare, and Henc van Maarseveen and several other figures. Although, not in its entirety, the theories that have been put forward have become reference material in forming a state institutional structure that is in accordance with the circumstances and form of the state.

Arah Politik Hukum dalam Pembangunan Sistem Hukum Nasional Menurut Undang-Undang RPJPN 2005-2025 shalihah, aini; Abd Muni
As-Shahifah : Journal of Constitutional Law and Governance Vol. 3 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah Univeritas Islam Madura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19105/asshahifah.v3i2.11094

Every country has a political law that acts as a basic policy for state administrators to determine the direction and content of the law to be formed. State administrators in carrying out their duties and responsibilities certainly have a legal political system like Indonesia which adheres to a democratic system. This is what then needs to be studied more deeply regarding the direction of Indonesian legal politics and this will not be separated from the historical context of how the direction of national legal policy is. Not only that, this paper will also examine how the implementation of the legal political direction is made in making a policy. The method used in this paper is normative and empirical juridical. The results of the research show that the direction of legal politics in the development of the Indonesian legal system is contained in the 2005-2025 RPJPN Law. Meanwhile, in practice, there are still several legal products issued that are not in line with the 2005-2025 RPJPN Law, such as the revision of the KPK Law (UU No. 9 of 2019), the Minerba Law and also the Job Creation Law. From some of these legal products, it can be said that the direction of legal politics in terms of implementation is still not optimal. Because the policies carried out by the government have not been able to achieve the expected democracy.

Kontekstualisasi Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945 Dalam Perspektif Islam Shalihah, Aini; Khoyyinah
Journal of Law and Administrative Science Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024): JLAS : Journal of Law and Administrative Science (April)
Publisher : Universitas Teknologi Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33478/jlas.v2i1.19

Constitutional amendments in Muslim-majority countries, including Indonesia, often face political challenges, constitutional conflicts, and harmonisation between sharia principles and democratic values and civil liberties. This process reflects the complex socio-political dynamics of achieving a balance between tradition and modernity. This research aims to understand these challenges from an Islamic perspective, identify factors that influenced the amendment process, and explore the integration of Islamic principles with democratic values within a reformist constitutional framework. Using a qualitative approach and analysing relevant documents and literature studies, as well as conducting interviews with legal, political and religious experts, this research highlights the political tensions and conflicts related to human rights, governance structures, minority rights and religion. Despite challenges, there are opportunities to mediate sharia principles with democracy through constructive dialogue and compromise. The research also offers strategies to support constitutional reforms that take into account public welfare and democratic principles. Keywords:Constitution, Contextualization, Islam.

The Optimization of Bawaslu’s Role in the 2024 Simultaneous Elections: Optimalisasi Peran Bawaslu dalam Pemilu Serentak 2024 Shalihah, Aini; Huroiroh, Ernawati
Jurnal Konstitusi Vol. 21 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Constitutional Court of the Republic of Indonesia, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31078/jk2139

Election Supervisory Body (Bawaslu) plays a vital role in ensuring that elections in Indonesia are conducted in compliance with legal regulations. The complexity of implementing simultaneous elections is a challenge for Bawaslu as one of the core institutions in the 2024 simultaneous election process, requiring strict adherence to the provisions set forth in Law No. 7 of 2017 on Elections. This study examines how Bawaslu can optimize its oversight role in the 2024 simultaneous elections and explores its authority in managing this electoral process. Using a normative juridical approach, the study finds that Bawaslu has effectively strengthened its capacity to fulfill its duties and functions in line with its founding objectives. Bawaslu’s optimization efforts include issuing updated Bawaslu Regulations (Perbawaslu) and implementing refined operational mechanisms, which aim to ensure a smooth electoral process that aligns with constitutional mandates.

REKONSTRUKSI HUBUNGAN NEGARA DAN WARGA NEGARA DALAM HISTORISASI KONSTITUSI THAILAND Shalihah, Aini; Lukman Hakim; Sujudi, Muhammad
Journal of Law and Administrative Science Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): JLAS : Journal of Law and Administrative Science (April)
Publisher : Universitas Teknologi Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33478/jlas.v3i1.31

Thailand is a country with a majority Buddhist population. Buddhist life has colored almost all aspects of life in Thailand, both in government (kingdom), system, education curriculum, law and so on. However, there are also several other religions practiced by some Thai people including Islam, Christianity, Hinduism, Confucianism and Singh. In percentage, the Muslim population in the Land of the White Elephant is only around 5.5% of the total citizens who are predominantly Buddhist. Looking at the percentage, almost all Malay Muslims live in Pattani Province. This quantitative fact has marginalized them socially and politically and made them a minority ethnic group in Thailand. The purpose of this writing is to analyze the reconstruction of the relationship between the state and citizens in the historicization of the Thai constitution. The method used is the normative legal method using a legislative approach and a conceptual approach. The results of the study show that during modern history, Thailand has continued to strengthen democratic institutions to ensure that the voices of all people are heard and respected. In recent years, grassroots community groups and independent organizations have appeared to play a more active role. This has led Thailand to a participatory democracy that encourages all levels of society to be more actively involved in shaping the national agenda. Thai democracy continues to experience ups and downs. A number of political crises have occurred, triggered by differences in views and ideologies among groups in Thai society in guarding the integrity of the nation in the 21st century. Keywords: Historicization, Thai Constitution, Reconstruction, State & Citizen Relations

Dinamika Perdebatan “Syariat Islam” Dalam Historisasi Piagam Jakarta (Jakarta Charter) Aini Shalihah; fahri Hozaini
As-Shahifah : Journal of Constitutional Law and Governance Vol. 2 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah Univeritas Islam Madura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19105/asshahifah.v2i1.6949

In the Indonesian context, we find the principle of Belief in One God, which is contained in the preamble to the 1945 Constitution. And the Jakarta Charter is part of the body of the constitution which has now been transformed into Pancasila. The dynamics of the Jakarta Charter still leaves a long-standing difference by photographing the 7 words "...with the obligation to carry out Islamic law for its adherents". This paper will examine the dynamics of the debate on "Islamic law" in the historicization of the Jakarta charter. The method used is normative law with a statutory, conceptual and historical approach. The result of this paper is that such national legal norms such as the Jakarta Charter are generally applicable to all citizens without exception. Therefore, the name or designation for such a national legal norm does not need to be mentioned or associated with the name of the norm of a particular religion which can lead to misunderstandings which can actually cause difficulties in efforts to enforce the legal norms in reality. Its official designation suffices as Indonesian National Law which is now based on Pancasila.

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