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Dasar Pertimbangan Hakim dalam Menjatuhkan Sanksi Pidana Terkait Pembelaan Terpaksa dalam Perkara Penganiayaan yang Menyebabkan Kematian Reyvita Salsabila; Chepi Ali Firman Zakaria
Bandung Conference Series: Law Studies Vol. 3 No. 1 (2023): Bandung Conference Series: Law Studies
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/bcsls.v3i1.5010

Abstract. In criminal law there are reasons for the abolition of punishment, one of which is justification. The justification reasons set out in Article 49 paragraph (1) are forced defense, tthat removes the element against the law and becomes the judge's consideration in making a decision at trial. This problem regarding forced defense was found in Decision Number 1225/Pid.B/2020/PN-Jkt.Sel.The purpose of this research was to proving that the basis for the judge's considerations regarding forced defense in cases of maltreatment that led to death in Decision Number 1225/Pid.B/2020/PN-Jkt.Sel is correct and to find out that the imposition of imprisonment for 4 years is proportional and in accordance with the purpose of sentencing. This study uses research methods juridical-normative, uses several approaches such as the statutory approach, and the case approach. The data used is sourced from primary data from legal sources, and secondary data obtained from books, journals, articles, internet data, and dictionaries.The results of this study concluded that: (1) The judge's consideration in case 1225/Pid.B/2020/PN-Jkt.Sel the defendant Riska was not quite right because the defendant's actions, namely as a forced defense aimed at protecting himself as referred to in Article 49 Criminal Code. The action is the actualization of the principle of subsidiarity, so the actions taken by the defendant were acts of self-defense because they were the last step to be taken. (2) In case 1225/Pid.B/2020/PN Jkt.Sel, the defendant Riska was proven guilty of maltreatment which resulted in death and the judge sentenced the defendant to 4 years in prison. In this case the decision has not been proportional and has not been in accordance with the purpose of sentencing. Abstrak. Dalam hukum pidana terdapat alasan peniadaan pidana yang salah satunya yakni alasan pembenar. Alasan pembenar yang diatur dalam Pasal 49 ayat (1) adalah pembelaan terpaksa (noodweer) yang dimana alasan tersebut merupakan suatu pembelaan yang menghapus elemen melawan hukum dan menjadi pertimbangan hakim dalam menjatuhkan putusan di persidangan. Permasalahan mengenai pembelaan terpaksa ini ditemukan pada Putusan Nomor 1225/Pid.B/2020/PN-Jkt.Sel. Penelitian ini berguna untuk membuktikan bahwa dasar pertimbangan hakim terkait pembelaan terpaksa dalam perkara penganiayaan yang menyebabkan kematian pada Putusan Nomor 1225/Pid.B/2020/PN-Jkt.Sel telah tepat dan guna mengetahui bahwa penjatuhan sanksi pidana penjara selama 4 (empat) tahun telah proporsional dan sesuai dengan tujuan pemidanaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis-normatif, dimana penulis menggunakan beberapa pendekatan seperti pendekatan perundang-undangan, dan pendekatan kasus. Data yang digunakan bersumber dari data premier yang disumber-sumber hukum, dan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari buku, jurnal, ariket, data internet, dan kamus. Hasil dari penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa: (1) Pertimbangan hakim pada perkara 1225/Pid.B/2020/PN-Jkt.Sel terdakwa Riska kurang tepat karena aksi terdakwa yakni sebagai pembelaan terpaksa yang ditujukan untuk melindungi dirinya sendiri sebagaimana yang dimaksud dalam pasal 49 KUHP. Aksi tersebut merupakan aktualisasi dari asas subsidiaritas, sehingga dapat dikatakan tindakan yang dilakukan terdakwa merupakan tindakan membela diri karena sebagai langkah yang terakhir untuk dilakukan. (2) Pada perkara 1225/Pid.B/2020/PN Jkt.Sel terdakwa Riska terbukti melakukan penganiayaan yang menyebabkan kematian dan terdakwa dijatuhi putusan penjara selama 4 tahun oleh hakim. Dalam hal ini putusan tersebut belum proposional dan belum sesuai dengan tujuan pemidanaan.

Penghentian Penuntutan Tindak Pidana Ringan melalui Penerapan Restorative Justice Dihubungkan dengan Tujuan Pemidanaan Namira Gupita Rakasiwi Aria; Chepi Ali Firman Zakaria
Bandung Conference Series: Law Studies Vol. 3 No. 1 (2023): Bandung Conference Series: Law Studies
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/bcsls.v3i1.5043

Abstract. Prison sanctions are excellent for law enforcement officials and problems in law enforcement in West Java, as a result of which the state budget swells for prisoners and the overcapacity of prison residents in the West Java region is a problem that needs to be addressed, this is in order to reconstruct new thinking in order to realize the goal of a more humanist punishment. The author examines the termination of prosecution of minor crimes through the application of restorative justice linked to the purpose of punishment with the aim of knowing and analyzing considerations for the application of restorative justice in minor crimes based on criminal law and to find out and analyze the juridical implications of restorative justice in Attorney General Regulation Number 15 of 2020 concerning Termination of Prosecution Based on Restorative Justice in the West Java High Prosecutor's Office. To achieve the above objectives, the author conducts descriptive research, which is to analyze and describe systematically, factually, and accurately the provisions related to Juridical implications regarding the termination of prosecution of minor criminal acts through the application of restorative justice. The type of research used is normative juridical using a statute approach. Data are obtained through the study of documents and analyzed using qualitative normative methods. Based on the results of the study, it is known that the consideration of stopping the prosecution of minor criminal cases in the West Java High Prosecutor's Office is a legal breakthrough in an effort to resolve criminal cases effectively based on the principles of balance, sense of justice, the principle of benefits and creating social welfare, The public prosecutor has the authority to stop prosecutions for the benefit of the victim and other protected legal interests in order to avoid negative stigma, avoidance of reprisals, response and harmony of society, and decency and public order by taking into account the principle of salus populi suprema lex which is meaningful "people's safety is the highest law" so the application of Restorative Justice is one of the appropriate solutions to reduce the capacity of prisoners from prisons in West Java. And the juridical implications of stopping the prosecution of minor criminal cases based on restorative justice show that the implementation mechanism has fulfilled the objectives of protecting human rights, the West Java High Prosecutor's Office And the juridical implications of stopping the prosecution of minor criminal cases based on restorative justice show that the implementation mechanism has fulfilled the objectives of protecting human rights, the West Java High Prosecutor's Office with its application puts forward the concept of restorative houses as a place for the peace process as well as a means of socialization to provide legal understanding to the community, Prosecutors have a strategic position and role in the law enforcement process within the framework of an integrated criminal justice system as a master of process or dominus litis whose one function is to screen a criminal case and determine whether or not a criminal case should be forwarded to the judiciary taking into account the purpose of the law. The paradigm of successful criminal law enforcement is no longer oriented as a means of retaliation, but rather the restoration of justice that does not focus on punishment. Abstrak. Sanksi pidana penjara menjadi primadona bagi aparat penegak hukum dan problematika dalam penegakan hukum (law enforcement) di Jawa Barat, akibatnya anggaran negara membengkak untuk narapidana dan over kapasitas penghuni lembaga pemasyarakatan di wilayah Jawa Barat menjadi permasalahan yang perlu ditanggulangi, hal ini dalam rangka merekonstruksi pemikiran baru guna mewujudkan tujuan pemidanaan yang lebih bersifat humanis. Penulis meneliti penghentian penuntutan tindak pidana ringan melalui penerapan restorative justice dihubungkan dengan tujuan pemidanaan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pertimbangan penerapan restorative justice dalam tindak pidana ringan berdasarkan hukum pidana serta untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis Implikasi yuridis restorative justice dalam Peraturan Jaksa Agung Nomor 15 Tahun 2020 tentang Penghentian Penuntutan Berdasarkan Keadilan Restoratif di Kejaksaan Tinggi Jawa Barat. Untuk mencapai tujuan di atas, penulis melakukan penelitian deskriptif, yaitu menganalisis dan menggambarkan secara sistematis, faktual, dan akurat ketentuan yang terkait Implikasi yuridis mengenai penghentian penuntutan tindak pidana ringan melalui penerapan keadilan restoratif. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach). Data diperoleh melalui studi dokumen dan dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode normatif kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diketahui bahwa pertimbangan penghentian penuntutan perkara tindak pidana ringan di Kejaksaan Tinggi Jawa Barat merupakan terobosan hukum dalam upaya penyelesaian perkara pidana yang efektif berlandaskan asas keseimbangan, rasa keadilan, asas manfaat dan menciptakan kesejahteraan sosial, penuntut umum berwenang menghentikan penuntutan demi kepentingan korban dan kepentingan hukum lain yang dilindungi demi menghindari stigma negatif, penghindaran pembalasan, respon dan keharmonisan masyarakat, serta kesusilaan dan ketertiban umum dengan memperhatikan asas salus populi suprema lex yang bermakna “keselamatan rakyat merupakan hukum tertinggi” maka penerapan Restorative Justice merupakan salah satu solusi yang tepat guna mengurangi jumlah kapasitas narapidana dari Lapas di Jawa Barat. Dan Implikasi yuridis penghentian penuntutan perkara tindak pidana ringan berdasarkan keadilan restoratif menunjukan bahwa mekanisme pelaksanaannya telah memenuhi tujuan perlindungan Hak Asasi Manusia, Kejaksaan Tinggi Jawa Barat dengan penerapannya mengedepankan konsep rumah restoratif sebagai tempat proses perdamaian sekaligus sarana sosialisasi untuk memberikan pemahaman hukum kepada masyarakat, Jaksa memiliki posisi dan peran strategis dalam proses penegakan hukum dalam bingkai sistem peradilan pidana terpadu sebagai master of process atau dominus litis yang salah satu fungsinya menyaring sebuah perkara pidana dan menentukan perlu tidaknya sebuah perkara pidana diteruskan kepersidangan dengan mempertimbangkan tujuan hukum. Paradigma keberhasilan penegakan hukum pidana tidak lagi berorientasi sebagai sarana pembalasan, melainkan pemulihan keadilan yang tidak menitik beratkan pada penghukuman.

Bebasnya Tuntutan Pencabutan Hak Politik dalam Kasus Tindak Pidana Korupsi Dihubungkan dengan Tujuan Pemidanaan Bintang Raihan Sulaeman; Chepi Ali Firman Zakaria
Bandung Conference Series: Law Studies Vol. 3 No. 1 (2023): Bandung Conference Series: Law Studies
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/bcsls.v3i1.5056

Abstract. Corruption is a crime that is very detrimental to the nation and state and can damage the morale of the nation so that corruption is grouped into extraordinary crime which requires extra action in eradicating it, so that one of the state's efforts in eradicating corruption is by imposing the maximum possible principal punishment and addition in the form of revocation of political rights. In this case, there are several questions regarding what the judge considers in making a decision in the form of revocation of political rights and what are the obstacles to law enforcement. At this writing the author uses normative juridical research methods which are carried out by examining primary and secondary legal materials. The results of the study show that the verdict does not explicitly state the existence of the revocation of political rights and should in the judge's consideration be able to see a similar case that occurred where the case against the defendant the Minister of Social Affairs Juliari Batubara was sentenced to an additional penalty for revocation of political rights, and obstacles to law enforcement for criminal acts of corruption in demands for the revocation of political rights in the official cluster is a discrepancy with the Constitutional Court Regulations which have stipulated a waiting period of 5 (five) years for convicts who carry out their decisions, which the accused should then undergo a fair or just punishment for what he has done for the delict he has committed Abstrak. Korupsi adalah suati tindak pidana yang sangat merugikan bangsa dan negara serta dapat merusak moral bangsa sehingga korupsi dikelompokan menjadi extra ordinarycrime yang membutuhkan tindakan extra pula dalam pemberantasannya, sehingga salah satu upaya negara dalam hal memberantas tindak pidana korupsi yaitu dengan menjatuhkan hukuman pokok semaksimal mungkin dan hukuman tambahan berupa pencabutan hak politik. Dalam hal ini terdapat beberapa pertanyaan mengenai apakah yang menjadi pertimbangan hakim dalam menjatuhkan putusan berupa pencabutan hak politik serta bagaimana hambatan penegak hukumnya. Pada penulisan ini penulis menggunakan metode penelitian normative yuridis yang dilakukan dengan meneliti bahan hukum primer dan sekunder. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa amar putusan tidak dengan tegas menyebutkan adanya penjatuhan pencabutan hak politik serta seharusnya dalam pertimbangan hakim dapat melihat kasus serupa yang terjadi dimana kasus yang menerpa terdakwa Menteri Soasial Juliari Batubara dijatuhi hukuman tambahan akan pencabutan hak politik, dan hambatan penegakan hukum tindak pidana korupsi dalam tuntutan pencabutan hak politik dalam klaster pejabat ialah ketidaksesuaian dengan Peraturan Mahkamah Konstitusi yang sudah menetapkan rentang waktu tunggu 5 (lima) tahun kepada terpidana yang melaksanakan putusannya yang kemudian dengan seharusnya terdakwa menjalani hukuman setimpal atau adil dengan apa yang diperbuatkanya atas delict yang pernah dilakukannya.

Pertimbangan Hakim dalam Menjatuhkan Putusan Terhadap Eksploitasi Seksual Komersial Anak Dihubungkan dengan Asas Keadilan Alfiyanti Lestari Alyayudinda; Chepi Ali Firman Zakaria
Bandung Conference Series: Law Studies Vol. 3 No. 1 (2023): Bandung Conference Series: Law Studies
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/bcsls.v3i1.5063

Abstract. Law is used as a social control tool that can determine or regulate the behavior of society so as not to deviate from the rule of law. Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children is a new type of crime that is receiving attention in the world today, one of which is prostituted children defined as the use of girls and/or boys in sexual activities paid in cash or in kind. Law enforcers and the government have tried to deal with the crime of Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children through the rule of law and its enforcement, such as judges who are required to be skilled in applying the law and dare to take progressive actions to realize justice. The rise of child prostitution cases which ultimately need to be studied more comprehensively, such as what happened in Tangerang, as stated in the Tangerang District Court Decision Number 1145/Pid.Sus/2021/PN.Tng and the appeal decision of the Banten High Court Number 7/Pid.Sus/2022/PT.Btn, can be said to be correct and not wrong in applying the law as stipulated in Article 193 Paragraph (1) of Criminal Code Procedure. However, when compared to the Padang District Court Decision Number 354/Pid.Sus/2018/PN.Pdg, the two decisions above in their considerations have ignored the legal principle of Lex Specialis Derogat Legi Generalis, so that justice in the judge's decision has not been oriented towards legal justice, moral justice, and social justice. Abstrak. Hukum dijadikan sebagai alat kontrol sosial (social control) yang dapat menetapkan atau mengatur tingkah laku masyarakat agar tidak menyimpang dari aturan hukum. Eksploitasi Seksual Komersial Anak (ESKA) merupakan suatu jenis kejahatan model baru yang sedang mendapat perhatian didunia saat ini, salah satunya prostitusi atau pelacuran anak didefinisikan sebagai pemakaian anak perempuan dan/atau anak laki-laki dalam kegiatan seksual yang dibayar dengan uang tunai atau dalam bentuk barang. Penegak hukum dan Pemerintah telah berupaya menangangani kejahatan Eksploitasi Seksual Komersial Anak melalui aturan hukum serta penegakannya, seperti Hakim yang dituntut terampil dalam menerapkan undang-undang dan berani melakukan tindakan progresif untuk mewujudkan keadilan. Masih maraknya kasus prostitusi anak yang pada akhirnya perlu dikaji lebih komperhensif seperti halnya yang terjadi di Tangerang, sebagaimana tercantum dalam putusan Pengadilan Negeri Tangerang Nomor 1145/Pid.Sus/2021/PN.Tng dan putusan banding Pengadilan Tinggi Banten Nomor 7/Pid.Sus/2022/PT.Btn, dapat dikatakan sudah tepat dan tidak salah dalam menerapkan hukum sebagaimana ketentuan hukum dalam Pasal 193 Ayat (1) Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Acara Pidana. Namun, apabila dibandingkan dengan putusan Pengadilan Negeri Padang Nomor 354/Pid.Sus/2018/PN.Pdg bahwa kedua putusan diatas dalam pertimbangannya telah mengabaikan asas hukum Lex Specialis Derogat Legi Generalis, sehingga keadilan dalam putusan hakim belum berorientasi pada pada keadilan hukum, keadilan moral, dan keadilan sosial.

Penegakan Hukum Perdagangan Orang (Human Trafficking) Dihubungkan dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 21 Tahun 2007 Tentang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Perdagangan Orang Adam Rizky Febriansyah; Chepi Ali Firman Zakaria
Bandung Conference Series: Law Studies Vol. 3 No. 1 (2023): Bandung Conference Series: Law Studies
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/bcsls.v3i1.5107

Abstract. In this era of globalization, the development of crime (crime) is increasingly widespread and new types of crimes are emerging, one of which is trafficking in persons. This study aims to find out how to enforce the law on trafficking in persons and how to apply criminal sanctions for victims of trafficking in persons in accordance with Law No. 21 of 2007 where this case of trafficking in persons has been going on for a long time and also with new modes that people rarely encounter. This is very detrimental to both human rights and dignity, which we should and should respect to the highest degree of such rights and dignity. This research uses an approach method, this research uses a normative juridical approach. Normative juridical research is a problem approach by reviewing the laws and regulations. The application of sanctions to the criminal act of trafficking in persons in which the act is a special crime the provisions regarding the prohibition have been regulated in the Criminal Code, Article 297.298, and in its later development it has been regulated in Law no. 21 of 2007, and violated Law No. 26 of 2000 concerning human rights violations because the act was a violation of humanity. Legal protection for victims of human trafficking is increasingly gaining its position with the ratification of Law no. 21 of 2007 in Articles 43 to 53, the provisions for the protection of victims are carried out based on Law no. 13 of 2006 which regulates the rights of victims of the crime of trafficking in persons. Trafficking in persons is a behavior that deviates from the norms that exist in a social system because trafficking in persons includes a series of complex problems and sensitive issues. The pattern or mode used in trafficking in persons begins with manipulative stages, promising potential victims with high salary without being told the type of risk of the job. Abstrak. Di era globalisasi ini, perkembangan kejahatan (tindak pidana) semakin marak dan bermunculan jenis-jenis kejahatan baru salah satunya adalah perdagangan orang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana penegakan hukum perdagangan orang dan bagaimana penerapan sanksi pidana bagi korban perdagangan orang sesuai dengan Undang-Undang no 21 Tahun 2007 dimana kasus perdagangan orang ini sudah berlangsung lama dan juga dengan modus-modus baru yang jarang sekali masyarakat jumpai juga banyak sekali merugikan baik hak maupun martabat manusia yang seharusnya dan sepatutnya kita hargai setinggi-tinggi nya hak dan martabat tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pendekatan, penelitian ini menggunakan metode pendekatan yuridis normatif. Penelitian yuridis normatif adalah pendekatan masalah dengan melakukan tinjauan terhadap peraturan perundang-undangannya. Penerapan sanksi pada tindak pidana perdagangan orang yang dimana bahwa perbuatan tersebut termasuk tindak pidana khusus ketentuan mengenai larangan tersebut sudah diatur dalam KUHP, Pasal 297,298, dan dalam perkembanganya kemudian sudah diatur dalam UU No. 21 Tahun 2007, dan melanggar UU No.26 Tahun 2000 Tentang pelangaran HAM karena perbuatan tersebut termasuk pelanggaran terhadap kemanusiaan. Perlindungan hukum bagi korban perdangan orang pun semakin mendapatkan posisinya dengan disahkannya UU No. 21 Tahun 2007 dalam Pasal 43 sampai Pasal 53, ketentuan perlidungan pada korban tersebut dilaksanakan berdasarkan UU No. 13 Tahun 2006 yang di dalamnya mengatur hak-hak korban tindak pidana perdagangan orang. Perdagangan orang adalah suatu perilaku yang menyimpang dari norma-norma yang ada dalam suatu system sosial karena perdagangan orang mencakup serangkaian masalah yang kompleks dan isu isu sensitive, Pola atau modus yang dipergunakan dalam perdagangan orang di awali dengan tahap-tahap manipulatif, menjajikan calon korban dengan gaji yang tinggi tanpa diberitahukan jenis resikon nya.

Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Anak Korban Pelecehan Seksual dalam Perspektif Keadilan Restoratif Chepi Ali Firman Zakaria; Ade Mahmud; Aji Mulyana
Jurnal Penelitian Hukum De Jure Vol 23, No 1 (2023): March Edition
Publisher : Law and Human Rights Policy Strategy Agency, Ministry of Law and Human Rights of The Repub

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30641/dejure.2023.V23.59-70

Sexual violence against child is a global problem today. Although international instruments have been ratified, they do not guarantee the realization of the rights of child victims. One reason is that not all countries’ legal systems support victims. The principles of redress for victims of child sexual violence are set out in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child. The Convention recognizes the principle of non-discrimination, the best interests of the child, child survival and development, and values Child opinions. The problem you encountered is related to 1) your security system. 2). Reintegration, psychosocial support, treatment and recovery, protection and support in court proceedings. A model of restorative justice that protects the rights of victims of child sexual violence can use the victim-offender mediation model. This model provides an opportunity for communities to come together and find solutions together when offenders are willing to admit their mistakes and take responsibility according to the needs of the victim’s child. The implications of this research are hoped to make a real contribution to the nation by providing better protection for children who are victims of sexual violence and reducing the trauma they experience.

TINJAUAN HUKUM DAN ETIKA TERHADAP PENANGGUHAN PELAYANAN ESSENSIAL DI RUMAH SAKIT Putu Sarjana; Chepi Ali Firman Zakaria; Tono Hadi Susiarno
Jurnal MHKI Vol 2 No 02 (2022): Oktober
Publisher : Masyarakat Hukum Kesehatan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53337/jhki.v2i02.84

The suspension of essential healthcare services during the COVID-19 pandemic has raised ethical and legal considerations. This article provides a review of the legal and ethical aspects that should be considered when deciding to delay healthcare services deemed non-urgent. The legal aspect to consider is the patient's right to adequate healthcare and the right to receive clear and accurate information about their health condition, as well as the right to choose medical treatments. Delaying essential services can be done to control the spread of the virus and protect patients and healthcare workers, but must be done carefully and in accordance with ethical principles. Hospitals must consider factors such as patient needs, hospital capacity, and resource availability before delaying essential services. It is also important for hospitals to communicate clearly and accurately with patients about the decision to delay essential services and provide safe alternatives for care or treatment delays. When suspending essential services, hospitals must consider the legal and ethical aspects to ensure that patient rights are respected and that adequate healthcare services remain available.

Reevaluation and Reorientation of the Philosophy of Retributive Justice to Restorative Justice in Imposing Criminal Sanctions Padlilah Padlilah; Dey Ravena; Chepi Ali Firman Zakaria; Aji Mulyana
Journal La Sociale Vol. 4 No. 2 (2023): Journal La Sociale
Publisher : Borong Newinera Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37899/journal-la-sociale.v4i2.786

In the last few decades, there has been a paradigm shift in the provision of criminal sanctions from retributive justice to restorative justice. Retributive justice assumes that criminal punishment must be based on the concept of revenge and retribution for the mistakes made by the perpetrator, while restorative justice emphasizes recovery for the victim and repairing the damaged relationship between the perpetrator and the victim. This study discusses the re-evaluation and reorientation of the philosophy of retributive justice to restorative justice in imposing criminal sanctions, as well as the purpose of punishment itself. This article presents the history and basic concepts of both types of justice, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of each approach. In addition, this research also discusses the application of restorative justice in sentencing practices and how this approach can help improve the relationship between perpetrators and victims, as well as prevent crimes from occurring in the future. By examining and considering both approaches, this research can help improve the existing penal system to achieve goals that are more effective and fairer for all parties involved in the sentencing process.

Settlement of Traffic Offences: A Shift in the Presumption of Innocence and the Impact on Legal Justice Beny Harkat; Nandang Sambas; Chepi Ali Firman Zakaria
Journal La Sociale Vol. 5 No. 3 (2024): Journal La Sociale
Publisher : Borong Newinera Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37899/journal-la-sociale.v5i3.1175

Traffic offences are a serious issue in Indonesia, creating complex challenges for the justice system and social costs. Although Law No. 22/2009 has defined the rules, the high number of accidents and offences indicates the ineffectiveness of law enforcement. This study aims to investigate the impact of traffic offences on legal justice, the effectiveness of sanctions, and the shifting presumption of innocence in Indonesia. The research methodology included both quantitative and qualitative approaches, involving analyses of accident data and interviews with authorities. The results showed a high number of offences, a lack of effectiveness of Law No. 22 of 2009, and the phenomenon of "peace in place." The implementation of ETLE cameras became an alternative, despite internet access constraints. Perma No. 12/2016 changed the judicial process, moving from a presumption of innocence to a presumption of guilt. This shift provides uniform sanctions without considering individual circumstances. The limitation of violators' rights in ticket hearings violates the principle of justice. The implementation of e-ticket technology shows advantages, but the dependence on the internet and the potential for misuse are obstacles. The shift to the presumption of innocence in the Perma raises doubts about the fairness of the justice system. Improving fairness requires a re-evaluation of the application of sanctions, technological improvements, and a deeper understanding of the rights of offenders. These recommendations are expected to improve the justice system related to traffic offences in Indonesia.

TINJAUAN HUKUM DAN ETIKA TERHADAP PENANGGUHAN PELAYANAN ESSENSIAL DI RUMAH SAKIT Putu Sarjana; Chepi Ali Firman Zakaria; Tono Hadi Susiarno
Jurnal MHKI Vol 2 No 02 (2022): Oktober
Publisher : Masyarakat Hukum Kesehatan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53337/jhki.v2i02.84

The suspension of essential healthcare services during the COVID-19 pandemic has raised ethical and legal considerations. This article provides a review of the legal and ethical aspects that should be considered when deciding to delay healthcare services deemed non-urgent. The legal aspect to consider is the patient's right to adequate healthcare and the right to receive clear and accurate information about their health condition, as well as the right to choose medical treatments. Delaying essential services can be done to control the spread of the virus and protect patients and healthcare workers, but must be done carefully and in accordance with ethical principles. Hospitals must consider factors such as patient needs, hospital capacity, and resource availability before delaying essential services. It is also important for hospitals to communicate clearly and accurately with patients about the decision to delay essential services and provide safe alternatives for care or treatment delays. When suspending essential services, hospitals must consider the legal and ethical aspects to ensure that patient rights are respected and that adequate healthcare services remain available.

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