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All Journal Journal of Applied Chemical Science Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Jurnal Saintek Lahan Kering Molekul: Jurnal Ilmiah Kimia Jurnal Ilmiah Berkala: Sains dan Terapan Kimia Chemistry Notes
Hermania Em Wogo
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Computer Science & IT Energy Environmental Science Public Health

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Journal : Journal of Applied Chemical Science

 1 
The Acid-Activated Sand Potentially Ameliorates Water Calcium Content Hermania Em Wogo; Yoseph J. Hema; Suwari
Journal of Applied Chemical Science Volume 2, No. 1 , 2013
Publisher : Journal of Applied Chemical Science

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Abstract

The sand activation using three types of acids namely HNO3 0.1 M, H2SO4 1 M, and H3PO4 14 M have been done. The acid-activated sand was used as adsorbent of calcium ions (Ca2+) contained in hard water. The study was firstly determined the chemical contents of the sand using Energy Dispersive Xray Fluorescence instrument and followed by determination of the sand surface area using methylene blue and it’s surface acidity by titration. The experiment conducted with absence of the acid was carried out as an control. The results showed that the sand contained 47.95 % of SiO2 and 18.79% of Fe2O3. The highest surface area was found at the sample activated by H3PO4 14 M (27.73 m2/g). The surface area activated by H2SO4 1 M and HNO3 0.1 M were 26.56 and 25.59 m2/g, respectively. Highest surface acidity was found at the sample activated by H3PO4 14 M (299.60 µmol/gram), while those treated with H2SO4 1 M and HNO3 0.1M were 277.70 and 204.80 µmol/gram, respectively. That was, however, the sample without acid activation had surface acidity of 113.60 µmol/gram. Furthermore, the sand activated by H3PO4 14 M maximally absorbed 892.86 μmol Ca/g sand and those activated by H2SO4 1 M and HNO3 0.1M maximally absorbed 847.46 and 684.93 μmol Ca/g sand, respectively; whereas the sand without activation maximally absorbed 510.20 μmol Ca/g sand. Those results indicate that higher surface area higher surface acidity and higher capability of the calcium ion absorptions. Therefore, the acids-activated sand potentially reduces calcium ions content of hard water.
The Antibacterial Activities of the Extracts Isolated from the Aruda Leaf (Ruta angustifolia) Digested in Polar, Semipolar, and Nonpolar Solvents Windy Taebenu; Febri O. Nitbani; Hermania E. Wogo
Journal of Applied Chemical Science Volume 2, No. 1 , 2013
Publisher : Journal of Applied Chemical Science

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A research has been done to know content of metabolit sekunder and antibacterial activity of polar, semipolar and nonpolar extract aruda leaf (Ruta angustifolia). Aruda leaf extract obtained with method of maceration, while antibacterial activity test carried out by the method of dilution and diffusion agar method against Escherichia coli (gram negative) and Staphylococcus aureus (gram positive). Metabolit sekunder of content implied in aruda leaf (Ceiba pentandra) that is triterpenoid, flavonoid, saponin, polifenol, tanin and alkaloid. The result of research with dilution method that methanol extract have rate value pursue minimum (KHM) equal 20% for the bacterium Escherichia coli of and not have rate value pursue minimum (KHM) for the Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Ethyl acetate extract have rate value pursue minimum (KHM) equal to 10% of Escherichia Coli and not have of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, while petroleum ether extract have not rate value pursue minimum (KHM) for the Escherichia Coli bacteria and for the Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The results showed that the diffusion method with methanol extract have inhibition diameter of bacteria Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus is 1,97 mm and 1,8 mm. Ethyl acetate extract average inhibition diameter is 2,33 mm in the Escherichia coli bacteria and the Staphylococcus aureus bacteria is 1.93 mm while the petroleum ether extract average inhibiton diameter 1,6 mm in Staphylococcus aureus bacteria and of inhibition diameter against the Escherichia Coli bacteria is 1,73 mm.
Co-Authors Agnes Simamora Antonius R.B. Ola Beti, Milce Y. Bibiana D. Tawa BILAUT, IDALIA Bokay, Ernawati A. Chong Dat Pham Cunha, Theo Da Dodi Darmakusuma Dodi Darmakusuma, Dodi Gauru, Imanuel Janrigo K Mere Juliana Ofi Segu Julinda Bendalina Dengga Henuk Lapailaka, Titus Lede, Mega O. L. Ledoh, Sherlly M. F. Lerrick, Reinner Ishaq Lince Mukkun Lulan, Theodore Y. K. Luther Kadang Magdalena A. Mir Mali, Ferdianus Martha C.W Ndoen Mersiana Bria Mosa Ndoen, Martha C. W. Nitbani, Febri O. Ola, Pius D. Peter Proksch Pius Dore Ola Pius Dore Ola Putra J.P Tjipta Sabu, Marselina Sherlly Ledoh Siti Arianti S.A Suwari Tjitda, Putra Jiwamurwa Pama Windy Taebenu Yoseph J. Hema