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PERBANDINGAN DAYA HAMBAT VARIASI EKSTRAK ETANOL BIJI PEPAYA(Carica papaya L.) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN Escherichia coli ESBL Vector Stephen Dewangga; Ardy Prian Nirwana; Laurencia Destivani Virliana Widjayanti
Jurnal Kesehatan Kusuma Husada Vol. 13 No. 2, Juli 2022
Publisher : Universitas Kusuma Husada Surakarta

Latar belakang: Extended-Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL) merupakan enzim yang diproduksi oleh bakteri gram negatif salah satunya adalah E coli. Dimana bakteri jenis ini mampu menghasilkan enzim betalaktamase yang dapat melawan jenis antibiotik beta laktam. Prevalensi terjadinya infeksi oleh bakteri penghasil ESBL sebesar 50,60%. Tujuan: penemuan bahan alami yang dapat menjadi alternatif baru untuk mengatasi masalah infeksi Escherichia coli ESBL. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian analitik eksperimental dengan melakukan uji aktivitas antibakteri untuk mengetahui adanya perbandingan daya hambat ekstrak etanol 70% dan etanol 96% biji pepaya (Carica papaya L) terhadap pertumbuhan Escherichia coli ESBL. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel biji Carica papaya L yang diambil pada buah pepaya matang, segar dan kemudian dikeringkan. Biji Carica papaya L diekstraksi menggunakan cara perkolasi dengan pelarut etanol 70% dan etanol 96% yang kemudian dibuat dalam konsentrasi 100.000 ppm, 200.000 ppm, 300.000 ppm, 400.000 ppm, dan 500.000 ppm. Aktivitas antibakteri menggunakan metode difusi cakram dengan media MHA. Hasil: Pada penelitian ini didapatkan hasil dengan uji Kruskal Walis dengan nilai sig sebesar <0,001 dan dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna pada daya hambat ekstrak etanol 70% dan etanol 96% biji pepaya (Carica papaya L) terhadap pertumbuhan Escherichia coli ESBL Background: Extended-Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL) is an enzyme produced by Gram-negative bacteria, one of which is E coli. This kind of bacteria is able to produce beta-lactamase enzymes that can fight against beta-lactam antibiotics. The prevalence of infection by ESBL-producing bacteria is 50.60%. Objective: To discover a natural ingredient that can be a new alternative to overcome the Escherichia coli ESBL infection. Method: This study was an experimental analytical research that tested antibacterial activity to determine the comparison of inhibition of ethanol 70% extract and ethanol 96% extract of papaya seeds (Carica papaya L) on the growth of Escherichia coli ESBL. This study used samples of Carica papaya L seeds taken from ripe and fresh papaya, that was then dried. Carica papaya L seeds were extracted using percolation method with ethanol 70% and ethanol 96% solvent which were then made in concentrations of 100,000 ppm, 200,000 ppm, 300,000 ppm, 400,000 ppm, and 500,000 ppm. Antibacterial activity used disc diffusion method with MHA media. Results: The result of this study showed that sig value of Kruskal Walis test was <0.001. Thus, it can be concluded that there is a significant difference in the inhibition of ethanol 70% extract and ethanol 96% extract of papaya seeds (Carica papaya L) on the growth of Escherichia coli ESBL.

Sensitivity Test of Staphylococcus Aureus and Staphylococcus Epidermidis in Women Taking Routine Beauty Care of Clinics to Various Antibiotics Yusianti Sliviani; Ardy Prian Nirwana
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol 4 No 4 (2022): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Acne is a skin problem that is often experienced by teenagers. Acne treatment is mostly taken in beauty clinics. One of the causes of acne is bacteria, namely Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. The use of antibiotics is often given by beauty clinics to treat acne problems. The irrational use of antibiotics and in a long term as well as within improper dose can cause resistance to bacteria. The purpose of this study is to determine the sensitivity of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis to various antibiotics. The research was conducted in Bacteriology Laboratory of STIKES Nasional from January – December 2021.The study was conducted descriptively from January to December 2021. The population taken by quota sampling in this study was women having treatment at beauty clinics. The sensibility test was carried out by using the Kirby Bower method. S. aureus and S. epidermidis were found in 8 samples from 20 samples examined. Sensibility test showed 25% of S. aureus was sensitive to clindamycin 75% sensitive to Penicilin, 75% sensitive to Tetraciklin, 50% sensitive to Eritromicin, 75% sensitive to Cefoxitin, 100% sensitive to Ciproflosaxin and Gentamicin. Whilst 100% of S. epidermidis was resistant to clindamycin and erythromycin, 100% sensitive to Penicilin, Tetraciklin, Cefoxitin, Ciproflosaxin, Gentamicin. The conclusion of this study is that S. epidermidis has been resistant to erythromycin and clindamycin, whilst the highest resistance of S. aureus is to clindamycin.

Effectiveness of Jambi Forest Honey and Klanceng Honey in Inhibiting Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia ESBL Ardy Prian Nirwana; Yusianti Silviani
Jurnal Surya Medika (JSM) Vol. 8 No. 3 (2022): Jurnal Surya Medika (JSM)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services Universitas Muhammadiyah Palangkaraya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33084/jsm.v8i3.3317

Bacterial resistance to antibiotics is a global problem that occurs around the world, both in hospitals and in communities. Antibiotic resistance can affect therapeutic outcomes, therapeutic costs, the spread of disease, and length of illness. The purpose of this study is to find out the potential of Jambi forest honey and Klanceng Honey in inhibiting the growth of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia. This study used experimental laboratory using posttest with control approach, conducted at the STIKES Nasional Bacteriology laboratory. The results showed that Jambi forest honey and Klanceng honey had better potential to inhibit the growth of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia than cefotaxime and ceftriaxone, but less than ceftazidime. On the other hand, honey samples had weaker inhibition potential against positive control (ciprofloxacin for K pneumoniae and chloramphenicol for E coli).

Uji Aktivitas Larvasida Ekstrak Herba Pegagan (Centella asiatica (L.) Urb) terhadap Mortalitas Larva Aedes aegypti L. Widya Kartika; Novena Yety Lindawati; Ardy Prian Nirwana
Jurnal Farmasetis Vol 11 No 3 (2022): Jurnal Farmasetis: November 2022
Publisher : LPPM Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Kendal

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (302.464 KB)

Nyamuk Aedes aegypti ialah vektor penyebab penyakit DBD (Demam Berdarah Dengue). Tumbuhan pegagan (Centella asiatica (L.) Urb) bersifat toksik terhadap Aedes aegypti. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat mengenai aktivitas larvasida ekstrak herba Pegagan terhadap mortalitas larva Aedes aegypti dengan nilai Lethal Concentration (LC)50, dan nilai Lethal Time (LT)50. Desain penelitian bersifat eksperimental dengan larva nyamuk Aedes aegypti instar III. Teknik yang dilakukan untuk pengambilan sampel adalah purposive sampling. Penelitian dengan uji pendahuluan pada konsentrasi 500 ppm, 1000 ppm, 1500 ppm dan 2000 ppm. Uji lanjutan dengan konsentrasi 250 ppm, 500 ppm, 750 ppm, 1000 ppm, kontrol positif (Abate 1 ppm), dan kontrol negatif (aquadest) dengan 5 kali pengulangan. Konsentrasi kematian tertinggi pada 1000 ppm diamati pada 2 jam, 4 jam, 6 jam, 12 jam, dan 24 jam. Setiap kelompok terdiri dari 25 ekor larva. Pengujian aktivitas ekstrak herba Pegagan dilakukan menggunakan metode Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) dan dilanjutkan dengan Metode Analitik. Hasil uji toksisitas ekstrak herba Pegagan terhadap larva Aedes aegypti instar III bersifat toksik dengan nilai LC50 sebesar 550 ppm, pada nilai LT50 yaitu pada konsentrasi tersebut mampu membunuh 50% populasi larva dalam waktu 7 jam.

Sensitivity Test of Staphylococcus Aureus and Staphylococcus Epidermidis in Women Taking Routine Beauty Care of Clinics to Various Antibiotics Yusianti Sliviani; Ardy Prian Nirwana
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol 4 No 4 (2022): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Acne is a skin problem that is often experienced by teenagers. Acne treatment is mostly taken in beauty clinics. One of the causes of acne is bacteria, namely Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. The use of antibiotics is often given by beauty clinics to treat acne problems. The irrational use of antibiotics and in a long term as well as within improper dose can cause resistance to bacteria. The purpose of this study is to determine the sensitivity of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis to various antibiotics. The research was conducted in Bacteriology Laboratory of STIKES Nasional from January – December 2021.The study was conducted descriptively from January to December 2021. The population taken by quota sampling in this study was women having treatment at beauty clinics. The sensibility test was carried out by using the Kirby Bower method. S. aureus and S. epidermidis were found in 8 samples from 20 samples examined. Sensibility test showed 25% of S. aureus was sensitive to clindamycin 75% sensitive to Penicilin, 75% sensitive to Tetraciklin, 50% sensitive to Eritromicin, 75% sensitive to Cefoxitin, 100% sensitive to Ciproflosaxin and Gentamicin. Whilst 100% of S. epidermidis was resistant to clindamycin and erythromycin, 100% sensitive to Penicilin, Tetraciklin, Cefoxitin, Ciproflosaxin, Gentamicin. The conclusion of this study is that S. epidermidis has been resistant to erythromycin and clindamycin, whilst the highest resistance of S. aureus is to clindamycin.

Sputum Sample Quality and Delay of TCM Examination and Microscopic Results from Tuberculosis Suspect Patient Yusianti Silviani; Ardy Prian Nirwana; Didik Wahyudi
Jurnal Media Analis Kesehatan Vol 14 No 2 (2023): JURNAL MEDIA ANALIS KESEHATAN
Publisher : Potekkes Kemenkes Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32382/jmak.v14i2.319

Tuberculosis (TB) is a disease with a mortality rate equivalent to 11 deaths/hour caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Technological developments have been able to detect TB with the GeneXpert® MTB/RIF TCM (Rapid Molecular Test) examination. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of sputum sample quality and examination delays on TCM and microscopic results in patients suspected of having tuberculosis. The research design used in this study used experimental analytics with a cross-sectional approach. The sample in this study was 40 samples taken using quota sampling. Samples were examined using Microscopic and TCM methods. In the microscopic method, 3 treatment delays are carried out, namely immediately, 5 hours and 24 hours. The results showed that all samples experienced a decrease in the number of BTA + but a decrease in grade did not occur in all samples. The decrease in consistency began to appear at a delay of 5 hours. A decrease in BTA microscopic grading often occurs when the delay is from 5 hours to 24 hours. From the results of the Friedman test, a value of α= 0.000 (< 0.05) was obtained so that it can be concluded that there is no difference in the results of microscopic examination with TCM, but there is an influence of sputum quality on BTA results (+) and there is an influence of delay time on microscopic examination of BTA.

UJI RESISTENSI BAKTERI BASIL GRAM NEGATIF PADA SPUTUM PENDERITA PNEUMONIA TERHADAP ANTIBIOTIK LEVOFLOXACIN DAN CEFOTAXIM DI RSUP DR. SOERADJI TIRTONEGORO KLATEN Ardy Prian Nirwana; Jatu Parmawati
Klinikal Sains : Jurnal Analis Kesehatan Vol. 12 No. 1 (2024): Juni
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Abdurrab

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36341/klinikal_sains.v12i1.3779

Pneumonia is a common infection at all ages. It is the leading cause of death among all age groups with 4 million deaths (7% of the world's total mortality) (CDC, 2015). WHO in its 2017 report stated that more than 808,00 children under the age of 5 died from pneumonia. The purpose of this study was to determine the results of the sensitivity test of gram-negative bacilli bacteria in sputum samples of patients with pneumonia against Levofloxacin and Cefotaxime antibiotics at Dr. Soeradji Tirtonegoro Klaten General Hospital. This type of research is descriptive with purposive sampling technique. The population of this study were all sputum samples that were examined for culture at the Microbiology Laboratory of dr Soeradji Tirtonegoro Hospital. There were 26 samples with Acinetobacter baumannii as much as 32%, Klebsiella pneumoniae as much as 29%, Pseudomonas aeruginosa as much as 26%, Enterobacter cloacae as much as 10%, and Kluyvera ascorbata as much as 3%. Antibiotic resistance test against gram negative rod bacteria found 30% of bacteria resistant to levofloxacin antibiotics and 63% resistant to cefotaxime antibiotics.

PERBEDAAN HASIL PEMERIKSAAN TUBERCULOSIS PASIEN DM DAN NON DM MENGGUNAKAN SKALA IUATLD DI UPTD PUSKESMAS CITANGKIL KOTA CILEGON Dwi Oktaviyaningsih; Ardy Prian Nirwana
Klinikal Sains : Jurnal Analis Kesehatan Vol. 13 No. 1 (2025): Juni
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Abdurrab

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36341/klinikalsains.v13i1.4760

Diabetes mellitus is a disease that is very dominant as a comorbid disease of pulmonary TB. People with DM have a weakened immune system so they are three times more likely to get active TB. TB patients who have been diagnosed with DM have a high risk of mortality during TB treatment and a risk of relapse after completing treatment. The aim of this study was to determine the difference in tuberculosis examination results in DM and non-DM patients using the IUATLD Scale. The research method was descriptive with a cross sectional approach with a sample size of 30 respondents divided into two, 15 respondents in the TB-DM group and 15 respondents in the TB Non-DM group. The sampling technique used was quota sampling. The data analysis techniques used are bivariate analysis. The results of univariate analysis showed that the majority of TB-DM sufferers were detected as positive for 3+ (46.7%) and the majority of non-DM TB sufferers were detected as positive for 1+ (53.3%). The results of bivariate analysis showed that statistically there was no difference in the results of tuberculosis examinations in TB-DM and non-DM TB patients using the IUATLD scale at the Citangkil Health Center, Cilegon City (p value: 0.301).

DETEKSI GEN OXA-51 DAN OXA 58 PENANDA RESISTENSI KARBEPENEM PADA ISOLAT Acinetobacter baumannii DAN UJI KEPEKAANNYA TERHADAP ANTIBIOTIK MEROPENEM DAN IMIPENEM Ardy Prian Nirwana; Vector Stephen Dewangga; Erika Wulandari
Klinikal Sains : Jurnal Analis Kesehatan Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025): Desember
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Abdurrab

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Acinetobacter baumannii (Carbapenem Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii CRAB) is a bacterium that is resistant to almost all antibiotics and is difficult to eliminate from the environment. Some CRABs can carry genes that allow bacteria to make carbapenemase enzymes that destroy carbapenem antibiotics. These carbapenemase genes can move between bacteria, increasing the possibility of spreading resistance to various drugs. Commonly detected genes are the oxacillinase group such as OXA-23, ΟΧΑ-24/40, ΟΧΑ-51 and OXA-58. A small portion of CP-CRAB has a mobile gene that encodes carbapenemase which is often found in other gram-negative bacteria, such as Enterobacterales. This study aims to detect whether the OXA-51 and OXA-58 genes are detected in Acinetobacter baumannii isolates, which are genes encoding molecular indicators of resistance to the carbapenem group. The study design was an observational analytical study with a cross-sectional approach. The target population was all Acinetobacter baumannii cultures. From the research results, the sensitivity test showed that all samples were resistant to meropenem and imipenem antibiotics, while the DNA isolation process that had been carried out needed to be optimized to obtain the right isolation procedure in order to obtain clear DNA band visualization results and visualization of the OXA-51 gene showed optimal results, while detection of the OXA-58 gene still needed optimization to be more sensitive and specific. The output of the research for publication has cannot been done yet because the research will be continued to the next stage.

IDENTIFIKASI BAKTERI GRAM NEGATIF BATANG DAN GRAM POSITIF COCCUS PADA POTONGAN KUKU PEDAGANG AYAM POTONG DAN PEDAGANG DAGING SAPI DI PASAR GEDE HARDJONAGORO SURAKARTA Ardy Prian Nirwana; Dinda Widyastuti; Febriana Valent Dika Putri; Nova Erlyta Puspitaningrum
Klinikal Sains : Jurnal Analis Kesehatan Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025): Desember
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Abdurrab

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Contamination of pathogenic bacteria in animal-based food products is a major cause of foodborne illnesses. This study aims to identify the presence of Gram- negative rods and Gram-positive cocci on fingernail clippings of poultry and beef traders at Pasar Gede Hardjonagoro, Surakarta. This descriptive observational study involved 20 samples, consisting of 10 poultry traders and 10 beef traders. Laboratory analysis included Gram staining, selective media isolation, and biochemical tests. The results showed that 18 out of 20 samples contained Gram- negative rods, while 2 samples contained Gram-positive cocci. The presence of these bacteria is strongly associated with poor personal hygiene practices, such as not washing hands with soap, not trimming nails regularly, and not using gloves while handling raw meat. These findings highlight the need for improved hygiene education and better sanitation measures in traditional markets to prevent the spread of foodborne pathogens

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