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BATU kENDAN DAN MANUSIA PRASEJARAH DI TEPIAN DANAU BANDUNG PURBA Yondri, Lutfi
Naditira Widya Vol 4, No 1 (2010): April 2010
Publisher : Balai Arkeologi Kalimantan Selatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24832/nw.v4i1.129

Based on archaeological data discovered on the bank of Danau Bandung purba, it can be inferred that human occupation had occurred during the Palaeolithic until Palaeometalic stage. Apparently until today, this area has become primadona for dwelling site. In regard to the idealistic attribute for setting on the bank of Danau Bandung Purba was stone tools made of batu kendan or obsidian which is assumed originated from the site. This Article discusses the relationship between human occupation on the Danau Bandung Purba and the available stone tool resources.

DESAIN MUSEUM IN-SITU SEBAGAI MEDIA KONSERVASI SITUS ARKEOLOGI (Studi Kasus: Situs Arkeologi Gunung Padang Cianjur) Fireza, Doni; Nadia, Adli; Yondri, Lutfi
Jurnal Arsitektur ARCADE Vol 5 No 1 (2021): Jurnal Arsitektur ARCADE Maret 2021
Publisher : Prodi Arsitektur UNIVERSITAS KEBANGSAAN

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Abstract: The Gunung Padang archaeological site in Cianjur, West Java is currently experiencing a challenge when this site is opened to the public where can also be researched and visited at once as one of the source economic benefits to local people. This paper discusses how the typology of the presentation model of archeological sites will become the basis of the concept of museum design as a solution for conservation and the continuity of the research on the Gunung Padang site. The discussion includes; (1) investigating site characteristics and sense of place by providing information about archeological relations with the architectural context; (2) choosing a site presentation typology model that links contemporary characters, historical functions, and future planning and management; (3) analyze planning factors such as location, context, and use; (4) synergizing the previous stages of site design as a combination of space and place of landscape in the archeological order. The result is the museum design as an educational tourist spot with a main orientation on conservation and archaeological research on the Gunung Padang site.Abstrak: Situs arkeologi Gunung Padang di Cianjur, Jawa Barat saat ini mengalami tantangan ketika situs ini dibuka untuk umum di mana harus dapat diteliti dan dikunjungi sekaligus sebagai sumber keuntungan ekonomi untuk masyarakat sekitar. Makalah ini membahas bagaimana tipologi model penyajian situs arkeologi akan menjadi dasar konsep desain museum sebagai solusi untuk konservasi dan kelanjutan penelitian di situs Gunung Padang. Diskusi meliputi; (1) menyelidiki karakteristik situs dan sense of place dengan memberikan informasi tentang hubungan arkeologis dengan konteks arsitektur; (2) memilih model tipologi presentasi situs yang menghubungkan karakter kontemporer, fungsi historis, dan perencanaan dan manajemen masa depan; (3) menganalisis faktor-faktor perencanaan seperti lokasi, konteks, dan penggunaan; (4) mensinergikan tahap-tahap desain situs sebelumnya sebagai kombinasi ruang dan tempat lanskap dalam tatanan arkeologis. Hasil penelitian adalah desain museum sebagai tempat wisata pendidikan dengan orientasi utama pada konservasi dan penelitian arkeologi di situs Gunung Padang.

Bibliographic Study Of Pawon Man Forensic Odontology Research At Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia Wulandari, Felia Resha; Yondri, Lutfi; Suhardjo; Mardhian, Deby Fajar; Susilawati, Sri; Oscandar, Fahmi
PURBAWIDYA Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025): Vol 14 (1) Juni 2025
Publisher : Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional (BRIN)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/purbawidya.2025.8073

Discovery of Pawon Man provide valuable insights into the region's history. Despite various studies conducted, there is a notable lack of comprehensive identification and systematic review of Pawon Man's teeth. This study aims to map the development of research on Pawon Man in the field of forensic odontology, which contributes to the understanding of human history in West Java. The method used is descriptive analysis, examining technology applied in research by analysing relevant references from 2012 to 2024. 3D Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) was the method used in 16 studies due to its non-destructive and high accuracy. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) provided in-depth insights into dental calculus, revealing information about ancient health and dietary practices. In a review of 33 articles, the study also highlighted age estimation as a crucial aspect of biological profiling. Despite extensive research, there are still variables that require further investigation, including accuracy in age estimation and contributing factors to the absence of dental caries. Interdisciplinary collaboration is essential to address these issues and enrich the understanding of Pawon Man. Future studies should prioritise interdisciplinary approaches and the use of advanced technology.

Difference of the size of average crown width first molar and second molar mandible of the Pawon Man with modern man Senjaya, Taufik; Oscandar, Fahmi; Yondri, Lutfi
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 24, No 3 (2012): November 2012
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol24no3.26841

Introduction: Pawon Man is prehistoric human who was expected life about 9525-5660 BC and have lived in a Cave Pawon located in Mountain Masigit Village, District Cipatat, Bandung Regency. The purpose of this research to analyzed the difference size of average crown width first molar and second molar mandible Pawon Man with Modern Man. Methods: The research used a descriptive method, so that from 4 archives radiograph Pawon man, can be obtained 14 samples radiographs Cone Beam Computed Tomography first tooth molars and second molars mandible. The research conducted on Ez Implant-3D program using a digital ruler, measurement results then recorded in tabular form, then statistically analyzed using independent two-sample t test. Results: The average size of widht crown first tooth molars and second molars mandible were larger for Pawon Man teeth than Modern Man. Conclusion: The average size of widht crown first tooth molars and second molars mandible were larger for Pawon Man teeth, because Pawon Man eating hard food and rough textured with simple food processing, with transition of culture has changed the dietary and food technology, so the shape of the big teeth are no longer needed.

Age estimation of ancient skeletons based on the molar teeth attrition Ramadhani, Triane Ayu; Sarilita, Erli; Malinda, Yuti; Yondri, Lutfi; Cunningham, Craig A; Oscandar, Fahmi
Odonto : Dental Journal Vol 12, No 2 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30659/odj.12.2.222-230

Background: Two ancient skeletons (Subang Men) were excavated at the Subanglarang site, Subang Regency, West Java, Indonesia. The partial jaw containing set of teeth from the two skeletons was examined to determine the level of dental attrition present which was then used to estimate age at death.Objective: The aim of this study was therefore to determine the pattern of attrition on the molar teeth and use this to estimate the age at death of the Subang Men.Methods: The pattern of attrition in each cusp of the first molar (M1) and second molar (M2) was examined clinically and then compared with the Average Stage of Attrition (ASA) method. Estimated age was then estimated using formula that are outlined in the Average Stage of Attrition (ASA) method.Results: The results showed that the level of attrition that occurred in the M1 and M2 teeth of the two ancient man was significant. The estimated age at death calculated based on the attrition pattern of molar teeth for skeleton 1 was 38.9 and skeleton 2 was 61.9-64.6.Conclusion: Dental attrition which is caused by physiologic and pathologic teeth friction is related to age. Therefore, age estimation can be determined based on the attrition pattern that occurs in the teeth.

Age estimation of ancient skeletons based on the molar teeth attrition Ramadhani, Triane Ayu; Sarilita, Erli; Malinda, Yuti; Yondri, Lutfi; Cunningham, Craig A; Oscandar, Fahmi
Odonto : Dental Journal Vol 12, No 2 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30659/odj.12.2.222-230

Background: Two ancient skeletons (Subang Men) were excavated at the Subanglarang site, Subang Regency, West Java, Indonesia. The partial jaw containing set of teeth from the two skeletons was examined to determine the level of dental attrition present which was then used to estimate age at death.Objective: The aim of this study was therefore to determine the pattern of attrition on the molar teeth and use this to estimate the age at death of the Subang Men.Methods: The pattern of attrition in each cusp of the first molar (M1) and second molar (M2) was examined clinically and then compared with the Average Stage of Attrition (ASA) method. Estimated age was then estimated using formula that are outlined in the Average Stage of Attrition (ASA) method.Results: The results showed that the level of attrition that occurred in the M1 and M2 teeth of the two ancient man was significant. The estimated age at death calculated based on the attrition pattern of molar teeth for skeleton 1 was 38.9 and skeleton 2 was 61.9-64.6.Conclusion: Dental attrition which is caused by physiologic and pathologic teeth friction is related to age. Therefore, age estimation can be determined based on the attrition pattern that occurs in the teeth.

Rekonstruksi Lingkungan Prasejarah Situs Gua Pawon, Jawa Barat Berdasarkan Kajian Identifikasi Gigi Hewan Namira, Adinda Tasya; Permana, R. Cecep Eka; Yondri, Lutfi
KALPATARU Vol. 31 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/kpt.2022.2886

Excavations at the Pawon Cave Site in 2019 and 2021 from boxes T2U1, T2S1, T3U1, T3S1, and T4S1 led to the discovery of 976 specimens of animal teeth that could be used to reconstruct the past of the Pawon’s Cave Site environment. To determine the level of animal taxa to the location of the teeth, taxonomic and anatomical analyses were carried out, while environmental reconstruction was carried out through environmental analysis based on the distribution of faunal functional groups by Julien Louys (2012). The research method consists of six steps, namely formulation, implementation, data collection, data processing, analysis, and interpretation. As a result, 120 individual animals from 13 different families were found at the Pawon Cave site with the dominance of the Cercopithecidae family in each four units of analysis. However, it is also necessary to the contribution of protein produced, so that large animals (megafauna), such as the Families Suidae, Bovidae, and Cervidae, have more potential to become main game animals for consumption, while the Families Cercopithecidae and Hystricidae become a complement to a variety of foods consumed. In addition, jewelry from shark teeth and canine teeth of Carnivora, Cercopithecidae and Suidae were also found with traces of modification in the form of perforation of the roots of the teeth and sharpening of the dental crowns. Thus, the human inhabitants of Pawon Cave are hunters who can utilize all the potential of animals from terrestrial, arboreal and aquatic habitats around the Pawon’s Cave Site.

Radio Identification Methods for Archaeological Human Teeth Remains: A Scoping Review Oscandar, Fahmi; Surya, Dia Adinda; Yondri, Lutfi
KALPATARU Vol. 31 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/kpt.2022.2889

Identification of archaeological human teeth findings using a non-destructive method such as a radiograph is limited. Various methods have been used for archaeological human teeth findings, including 2D and 3D radiographs. This study examines the extent to which it is used, its advantages, and its limitations using the scoping review method. The search for articles referred to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analyses (PRISMA-ScR) was conducted through PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect, published from 2012-2022. Articles were screened and assessed for eligibility. The initial search found 249 articles. After evaluating the eligibility criteria, 15 articles were selected. Studies addressing the criteria and other aspects were identified. Based on a study conducted on articles that met the criteria, it was concluded that the radio identification method has been utilized for various identification and that the most frequently used radio identification method is cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

AGE ESTIMATION OF PAWON MEN THROUGH TEETH IDENTIFICATION USING JOHANSON METHOD THROUGH CBCT 3D RADIOGRAPH Elizabeth; Yondri, Lutfi; Pramanik, Farina; Rusminah, Nunung
AMERTA Vol. 36 No. 1 (2018)
Publisher : Penerbit BRIN (BRIN Publishing)

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Abstrak. Estimasi Usia Manusia Pawon melalui Identifikasi Gigi dengan Metode Johanson pada Radiograf CBCT 3D. Manusia Pawon merupakan manusia prasejarah yang ditemukan di Gua Pawon. Di dalamnya, terdapat sisa tulang yang telah rapuh dan gigi yang masih tertanam pada tulang alveolar meskipun telah tertimbun tanah ribuan tahun lamanya. Gigi tersebut kemudian dijadikan sebagai alat identifikasi primer dalam penelitian forensik odontologi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui estimasi usia Manusia Pawon melalui identifikasi gigi menggunakan metode Johanson pada radiograf CBCT 3D. Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan adalah deskriptif. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Sampel sebanyak 21 gigi yang tertanam pada tulang alveolar dan tidak terdapat pada garis fraktur. Pengukuran estimasi usia dengan metode Johanson dilakukan dengan perangkat lunak Ez-Implant menggunakan teknik non-invasif CBCT 3D. Hasil penelitian pada Rangka I (R.I) menghasilkan estimasi usia dengan kisaran antara 32,00-33,92 tahun, Rangka III (R.III) dengan estimasi usia 32,94-36,28 tahun, Rangka IV (R.IV) dengan estimasi usia 34,42 tahun, dan Rangka V (R.V) dengan estimasi usia 27,36-31,35 tahun. Simpulan penelitian menunjukkan estimasi usia Manusia Pawon dengan metode Johanson pada radiograf CBCT 3D berkisar antara 27,36-36,28 tahun. Kata Kunci: Manusia Pawon, Estimasi usia, Metode Johanson, Radiografi CBCT 3D, Perangkat lunak ez-implant Abstract. Pawon men are prehistoric humans who lived in Pawon cave. The skeletons found in the cave consist of remains of brittle bones and teeth which are still attached to alveolar bone even though it had been buried in soil since thousands of years ago. The teeth are then used as primary identification in forensic odontology research. This research’s aim is to compare the existing age estimation of Pawon men with more recent method, namely Johanson method through CBCT 3D Radiograph. Previously, the age estimation was only based on visual observation of posterior molars’ attrition by Brothwell method. This research is a descriptive study using purposive sampling. The samples are 21 teeth that are intact and attached to the alveolar bone without any fracture line. The age estimation with Johanson method using Ez-Implant software is non-invasive age measurement by Cone Beam Computed Tomography 3D radiograph. The results showed that the age of the first Pawon man is 32-33.92 years old, the third Pawon man is 32.935-36.275 years old, the fourth Pawon man is 34.42 years old, and the fifth Pawon man is 27.36-31.35 years old. The second Pawon man is not included in sampling criteria. The measurement using Johanson method through CBCT 3D is more specific and detailed in yielding the age estimation compared to the Brothwell method. Keywords: Pawon men, Age estimation, Johanson method, CBCT 3D radiograph, Ez-implant software

THE ORIGINS OF THE OBSIDIAN ARTIFACTS FROM GUA PAWON, DAGO AND BUKIT KARSAMANIK IN BANDUNG, INDONESIA Chia, Stephen; Yondri, Lutfi; Simanjuntak, Truman
AMERTA Vol. 25 No. 1 (2007)
Publisher : Penerbit BRIN (BRIN Publishing)

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Abstrak. Tulisan ini membahas hasil studi tentang sumber bahan baku artefak obsidian yang ditemukan di Gua Pawon, Dago, dan Bukit Karsamanik, Bandung. Analisis dilakukan terhadap sejumlah artefak obsidian, temuan ekskavasi di Gua Pawon dan temuan permukaan di Situs Dago dan Bukit Karsamanik. Untuk perbandingan dilakukan juga analisis terhadap obsidian dari Gunung Kendan di Nagrek dan Kampung Rejeng di Garut, dua lokasi sumber obsidian di Jawa Barat. Analisis dilakukan dengan cara "scanning electron microscope", menggunakan "energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer" di Universitas Sains Malaysia, Penang dan "electron microprobe" di Universitas Malaya, Kuala Lumpur. Analisis multielemen dan perhitungan statistic dilakukan terhadap data yang diperoleh dari artefak dan bahan. Hasil studi memperlihatkan artefak obsidian dari Gua Pawon menggunakan bahan dari Gunung Kendan dan Kampung Rejeng, sementara artefak Dago dan Bukit Karsamanik belum diketahui sumbernya. Analisis terhadap bahan dari sumber-sumber lain sangat diperlukan untuk menentukan variabilitas di dalam dan di antarasumber-sumber yang berbeda. Untuk sementara, hasil studi memperlihatkan manusia prasejarah Gua Pawon mengeksploitasi dan menggunakan sumber-sumber obsidian yang sama selama beberapa ribu tahun. Kata kunci: analisis obsidian, gua pawon, dago, karsamanik, scanning electron microscope, x-ray spectrometer. Abstract. This paper presents the results of a study to determine whether the obsidian artifacts found in Gua Pawon, Dago and Bukit Karsamanik in Bandung came from the well-known sources of Gunung Kendan in Nagreg, Kampung Rejeng in Garut or elsewhere. Obsidian artifacts for this study were obtained from earlier archaeological excavations at Gua Pawon and from chance finds at the sites of Dago and Bukit Karsamanik in Bandung. Samples of obsidian were also collected from the known obsidian sources in Gunung Kendan in Nagreg and Kampung Rejeng in Garut for comparative purposes. Analyses of these samples were done on a scanning electron microscope using the energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer at the University of Science Malaysia, Penang and the electron microprobe at the University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur. Multi-element analysis was undertaken, and statistical procedures were performed on data obtained from the artifacts and the sources. The results of the study thus far suggested that the obsidian artifacts from Gua Pawon were made using obsidian obtained from both Gunung Kendan and Kampung Rejeng sources while those from Dago and Bukit Karsamanik have yet to be determined. More samples from all the known obsidian sources are needed to determine the variability within and between all the different sources. Temporally, the study also revealed that prehistoric humans at Gua Pawon exploited or used the same obsidian resources over several thousands of years. Keywords: pawon cave, dago, karsamanik, scanning electron microscope, x-ray spectrometer.

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