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NALAR EPISTEMOLOGI AGAMA: Argumen Pluralisme Religius Epistemologis Abdul Karim Sorosh Wijaya, Aksin
Epistemé: Jurnal Pengembangan Ilmu Keislaman Vol 11, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : IAIN Tulungagung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21274/epis.2016.11.2.201-224

Abstract

Menurut Abdul Karim Sorosh, agama terdiri dari dua unsur: pengalaman seseorang bertemu dengan Yang Sakral dan kitab suci yang merupakan manifestasi dari pengalaman Yang Sakral itu. Tafsir terhadap agama diarahkan kepada dua unsur tersebut. Yang penting dicatat dalam konteks penafsiran bahwa di satu sisi, pengalaman keagamaan seorang nabi bervariasi dan kitab suci agama mengandung pesan beragam. Sedangkan di sisi lain, seorang mufassir agama melalui luar kerangka agama sehingga terselip asumsi-asumsi, harapan-harapan dan teori-teori ilmu pengetahuan sesuai dinamika hidup sang mufassir. Karena itu, tafsir terhadap agama yang disebut dengan istilah pemikiran keagamaan menurut Sorosh tidak hanya beragam, tetapi juga dinamis. Keragaman dan dinamika pemikiran keagamaan bisa dilihat dari banyaknya aliran pemikiran keagamaan yang berkembang di dunia, baik aliran keagamaan yang menjadi mainstream maupun non-mainstream. Contohnya, Sorosh melansir tiga kategori aliran pemikiran keagamaan yang berkembang saat ini: pertama, pemikiran keagamaan yang menekankan agama agar bermanfaat bagi manusia dalam menjalani hidupnya di dunia (maslahi). Kedua, pemikiran keagamaan yang menekankan agar agama bisa menjawab persoalan-persoalan epistemologis yang dihadapi manusia (ma’rifati). Ketiga, pemikiran keagamaan yang menekankan agar agama menjadi bagian dari pengalaman seseorang dalam bertemu dengan Tuhan (tajribati). Masing-masing aliran itu menurut Sorosh mempunyai variasi gerakan sendiri-sendiri, namun aliran keagamaan yang ketiga (tajribati) lebih bervariasi daripada dua aliran lainnya.According to Abdul Karim Sorosh, the religion consists of two components namely a person’s meeting experience to the Sacred and the holy books which is concreted from its Sacred experience. Interpretation of the religion is directed to these two elements. Meanwhile, prophets had varied religious experiences as well as religion’s holy books contain diverse messages. However, mufassir interprets religion through the outside framework of religion itself; as a result, assumptions, expectations and theories of science are which in accordance with the life of the mufassir start to emerge eventually. For that reason, the interpretation of religious according to Sorosh is not only diverse but also dynamic. The diversity and dynamics of religious thought can be seen from variability of sect developed around the world in the form of mainstream and non-mainstream. The example is that Sorosh divided three categories of religious thought sect nowdays. Firstly, it emphasizes that religion is beneficial for living in the world (maslahi). Secondly, it highlight that religion can solve epistemological problems faced by mankind (ma’rifati). Thirdly, it put emphasison the concept that religion as a part of one’s experience in meeting the Lord (tajribati). Each type of religious schools of thought proposed by Sorosh hasits own movement, however the movements for the third types (tajribati) is more various than the other two types.
Moderasi Beragama yang Kosmopolit (Mencegah Konflik dalam Masyarakat Sodong yang Harmoni) Rufi’ah, Rufi’ah; Wijaya, Aksin; Hasaniy, Nur Rif’ah
AL-MIKRAJ Jurnal Studi Islam dan Humaniora (E-ISSN 2745-4584) Vol 4 No 02 (2024): Al-Mikraj, Jurnal Studi Islam dan Humaniora
Publisher : Pascasarjana Institut Agama Islam Sunan Giri Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37680/almikraj.v5i01.6324

Abstract

This article focuses on the theme of inter-religious relations in Indonesia with interrelated sub-topics: the history of the struggle of thought in Islam, the concept of religious moderation, and looking at religious life in a hamlet that has been used as a hamlet of religious tolerance in Ponorogo, namely the hamlet of Sodong. The history of thought and religious moderation are used to discuss the above issues. The history of thought is intended to trace the struggle of thought in history, while religious moderation is used as an analytical tool and solution offering to prevent the emergence of potential conflicts in the Sodong Community, Ponorogo. Viewed from the perspective of the history of thought, religious moderation has actually been developing for a long time, namely since the early period of the presence of Islam, and its presence has always been a response to radical thoughts and attitudes in religion. The religious moderation that I think is appropriate to use in Indonesia is religious moderation that is dialogical with reality, because Islam basically has a theoretical, dialogical and practical character. With the basic character of Islam, we can see reality in an appreciative, critical and productive way. We can appreciate the phenomenon of tolerant religiosity, of course without reducing critical attitudes and new solutions in overcoming potential conflicts in the name of religion, such as in Sodong Ponorogo.
Nalar Islam Antroposentris (Mentransformasi Relasi Humanis Antarumat Beragama di Indonesia) Wijaya, Aksin; Anggraini, Yulia
AL-MIKRAJ Jurnal Studi Islam dan Humaniora (E-ISSN 2745-4584) Vol 5 No 2 (2025): Al-Mikraj, Jurnal Studi Islam dan Humaniora
Publisher : Pascasarjana Institut Agama Islam Sunan Giri Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37680/almikraj.v5i2.6869

Abstract

Understanding of religion is influenced by the paradigm used by each person. So far, there are three paradigms that have developed among Indonesian Muslim intellectuals in particular, namely the theocentric Islamic paradigm, the theoanthropocentric Islamic paradigm and the anthropocentric Islamic paradigm. Each paradigm is based on a different method of reasoning with reference to the fundamental question, whether religion is a divine taklif or a human right. With the aim of critically analyzing the three paradigms and offering a new paradigm in understanding religion, this paper utilizes Abdul Karim Soros's taklif and human rights theory and the maqasyidi interpretation theory to analyze the verses of the Qur'an. The method of critical appreciation thinking is used to compile the framework of this paper. The results of the study show that Islam through its holy book is a holy book that is oriented towards the interests and welfare of humans, both in the world and in the hereafter. However, this welfare must remain bound by the holy book, although it does not mean completely rejecting the welfare that is born from humans as long as it does not conflict with the maqasyid of the holy book.
Moderasi Beragama yang Kosmopolit (Mencegah Konflik dalam Masyarakat Sodong yang Harmoni) Rufi’ah, Rufi’ah; Wijaya, Aksin; Hasaniy, Nur Rif’ah
AL-MIKRAJ Jurnal Studi Islam dan Humaniora Vol. 4 No. 02 (2024): Al-Mikraj, Jurnal Studi Islam dan Humaniora
Publisher : Pascasarjana Institut Agama Islam Sunan Giri Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37680/almikraj.v5i01.6324

Abstract

This article focuses on the theme of inter-religious relations in Indonesia with interrelated sub-topics: the history of the struggle of thought in Islam, the concept of religious moderation, and looking at religious life in a hamlet that has been used as a hamlet of religious tolerance in Ponorogo, namely the hamlet of Sodong. The history of thought and religious moderation are used to discuss the above issues. The history of thought is intended to trace the struggle of thought in history, while religious moderation is used as an analytical tool and solution offering to prevent the emergence of potential conflicts in the Sodong Community, Ponorogo. Viewed from the perspective of the history of thought, religious moderation has actually been developing for a long time, namely since the early period of the presence of Islam, and its presence has always been a response to radical thoughts and attitudes in religion. The religious moderation that I think is appropriate to use in Indonesia is religious moderation that is dialogical with reality, because Islam basically has a theoretical, dialogical and practical character. With the basic character of Islam, we can see reality in an appreciative, critical and productive way. We can appreciate the phenomenon of tolerant religiosity, of course without reducing critical attitudes and new solutions in overcoming potential conflicts in the name of religion, such as in Sodong Ponorogo.
Nalar Islam Antroposentris (Mentransformasi Relasi Humanis Antarumat Beragama di Indonesia) Wijaya, Aksin; Anggraini, Yulia
AL-MIKRAJ Jurnal Studi Islam dan Humaniora Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): Al-Mikraj, Jurnal Studi Islam dan Humaniora
Publisher : Pascasarjana Institut Agama Islam Sunan Giri Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37680/almikraj.v5i2.6869

Abstract

Understanding of religion is influenced by the paradigm used by each person. So far, there are three paradigms that have developed among Indonesian Muslim intellectuals in particular, namely the theocentric Islamic paradigm, the theoanthropocentric Islamic paradigm and the anthropocentric Islamic paradigm. Each paradigm is based on a different method of reasoning with reference to the fundamental question, whether religion is a divine taklif or a human right. With the aim of critically analyzing the three paradigms and offering a new paradigm in understanding religion, this paper utilizes Abdul Karim Soros's taklif and human rights theory and the maqasyidi interpretation theory to analyze the verses of the Qur'an. The method of critical appreciation thinking is used to compile the framework of this paper. The results of the study show that Islam through its holy book is a holy book that is oriented towards the interests and welfare of humans, both in the world and in the hereafter. However, this welfare must remain bound by the holy book, although it does not mean completely rejecting the welfare that is born from humans as long as it does not conflict with the maqasyid of the holy book.