<![CDATA[IntroductionPersons with disabilities in Indonesia continue to experience structural barriers to employment, entrepreneurship, financial services, and economic independence. In North Sumatra, these interconnected challenges highlight the need for an inclusive economic empowerment model that integrates Islamic welfare principles, substantive capabilities, and institutional coordination.ObjectivesThis study aims to develop an inclusive economic empowerment model for persons with disabilities in North Sumatra by identifying priority problems, evaluating corresponding solutions, and determining strategic interventions through the integration of maqasid al-shariah, the Capability Approach, and the Analytic Network Process.MethodThis study employed an exploratory mixed-methods approach combining qualitative interviews with quantitative multicriteria decision analysis. Nine purposively selected informants, comprising three academics, three regulators, and three practitioners, provided assessments through pairwise-comparison questionnaires. The Analytic Network Process was used to synthesize priorities across spiritual, social, educational, economic, and family or intergenerational dimensions. Stakeholder agreement was evaluated using Kendall's coefficient of concordance.ResultsThe spiritual dimension received the highest reported problem priority (0.2112), followed by social (0.1901), educational (0.1828), economic (0.1461), and family or intergenerational considerations (0.1096). Major barriers included inaccessible religious facilities, restricted employment opportunities, inadequate vocational skills, financial instability, and weak institutional support. Sharia-compliant financing and productive zakat emerged as the leading strategic priority (0.3810), followed by human resource development (0.2263), entrepreneurship mentoring (0.1505), strategic partnerships (0.1143), and inclusive business digitalization (0.0546). Stakeholder agreement was higher for strategies (0.9111) than for problems and solutions (0.5111).ImplicationsThe findings provide a framework for integrating productive Islamic social finance with accessible vocational development, entrepreneurship assistance, and institutional collaboration. The resulting priorities can inform policy planning but do not establish intervention effectiveness.Originality/NoveltyThis study contributes a multidimensional, stakeholder-informed decision framework integrating maqasid al-shariah, Islamic welfare, the Capability Approach, and the Analytic Network Process to prioritize disability-inclusive economic empowerment interventions in North Sumatra.]]>
