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PERKEMBANGAN KASUS HIV DI KOTA SEMARANG : TINJAUAN KARAKTERISTIK DAN ASPEK LINGKUNGAN Lenci Aryani; Ratih Pramitasari
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia Volume 13. No. 1. Tahun 2018
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang

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Latar belakang: Kasus HIV saat ini menjadi masalah kesehatan terbesar di dunia. Penularan HIV dapat ditularkan berbagai cara. HIV Global UNAIDS 2012 mengemukakan bahwa kasus penderita HIV di dunia mencapai 34 juta orang. Metode: Jenis penelitian diskriptif dengan tujuan untuk mencatat, mendeskripsikan, menganalisis dan menginterprestasikan kondisi yang terjadi pada saat ini. Sampel penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder dari Dinas Kesehatan Kota Semarang Tahun 2018. Hasil: Kasus HIV terbanyak pada tahun 2017 mengalami peningkatan kasus HIV yaitu sebesar 523 penyakit dan tahun 2018 mengalami penurunan kasus sebesar 149 penyakit. Karakteristik responden pada jenis kelamin lebih tinggi penderita laki-laki sebesar 92 kasus pada laki-laki dan 57 kasus pada perempuan sedangkan pada kelompok risiko paling tinggi terdapat pada pelanggan pekerja seksual sebesar 31% dan paling sedikit terdapat pada kelompok pria pekerja seksual yaitu sebesar 1%. Tingkat penyebaran kasus di pelayanan kesehatan mengalami kenaikan dari tahun sebelumnya sebesar 0,1% yaitu sebesar 1,8% dan pada kelompok lingkungan berisiko rerata paling tinggi pada kelompok pelanggan perilaku seksual yaitu sebesar 90 kasus sedangkan rerata paling rendah pada kelompok pria pelaku seksual sebesar 1 kasusHIV positif.Kesimpulan: Penyebaran kasus HIV terbanyak terdapat pada kelompok pelanggan perilaku seksual yaitu rerata kasus sebesar 90 kasus. Kata kunci: HIV, Lingkungan, Semarang

PREVALENSI KASUS AIDS PADA PEKERJA DI KOTA SEMARANG - ANALSISI DATA SEKUNDER Ratih Pramitasari; Lenci Aryani
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia Volume 13. No. 1. Tahun 2018
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (226.468 KB)

Latar belakang: Kasus HIV/AIDS di Indonesia memiliki kecenderungan jumlahnya meningkat dari waktu ke waktu. Jumlah kasus positif HIV/AIDS sebagian besar terdapat pada kelompok usia kerja produktif yang akan berdampak negatif terhadap produktivitas perusahaan.Metode: Jenis penelitian diskriptif dengan tujuan untuk mendeskripsikan, mencatat, menganalisis dan menginterprestasikan kondisi yang sekarang terjadi. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder dari Dinas Kesehatan Kota Semarang Tahun 2018. Hasil: Kasus kematian karena AIDS pada warga Kota Semarang mencapai rasio 1:8 dibanding dengan jumlah penderitanya. Jumlah kasus AIDS tertinggi terjadi pada tahun 2012 dengan 104 kasus AIDS di Kota Semarang. Berdasarkan jenis pekerjaannya, kasus AIDS paling banyak diderita oleh karyawan dengan jumlah kasus 109 penderita. Jenis pekerjaan seperti tukang parkir, pemulung, pramugara, operatorkaraoke, seniman, dan petani/nelayan menempati posisi terendah. Kasus AIDS di Kota Semarang, paling banyak ditemukan pada kelompok umur 31-40 dengan jumlah penderita sebanyak 177 pasien.Kesimpulan: Penderita AIDS terus mengalami kenaikan sejak 2005 hingga tahun 2012, memasuki tahun 2013, hingga 2018 saat ini, penderita AIDS cenderung menurun dari tahun ke tahun. Kasus AIDS paling banyak diderita oleh pekerja dengan jenis pekerjaan karyawan. Kelompok umur 31-40 merupakan kelompok dengan jumlah penderita AIDS tertinggi dalam 12 tahun terakhir.Kata kunci: AIDS pada pekerja, AIDS, pekerja

Hubungan Kadar Merkuri (Hg) dengan Profil Darah Pekerja Pertambangan Emas Tradisional di Desa Jendi Kecamatan Selogiri Kabupaten Wonogiri Lenci Aryani; Onny Setiani; Nurjazuli Nurjazuli
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 12, No 2 (2013): Oktober 2013
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.12.2.144 - 148

Background: mercury is neurotoxic substance which can produce some health effect, depends on impact ofduration of exposure and quantity mercury used. Gold miner had a high risk of continously impact which maycause many health disorder, one of them is blood profile interference.The purpose of this reasearch was to know the relationship between mercury concentration in blood with bloodprofile of traditional mining gold worker in Jendi village, Selogiri Sub District, Wonogiri District.Methods: The study design was an analytic observational research. Research subject were whole of workers whowere working in mining gold. Variables in this research were mercury (Hg) in blood and blood profile. Datacollection using interview, observation, and measurement technique. Data would be analyzed using Kendal’s Taucorrelation.Result: The results showed that the average of Hg in blood was 7,819 ppb. It was over toxic level (eˆ 5,8 ppb) andaverage blood profile consist of haemoglobin, erythrocyte, leukocyte, platelet, hematocrit, MCV, MCH, andMCHC were 14,771 gr/dl; 4,9536 jt/mmk; 7,5679 rb/mmk; 334,26 rb/mmk; 43,833%, 88,6333 fl; 29,8833 pg;33,6976. Bivariate analysis showed the significant relationship between mercury (Hg) in blood with bloodprofile (amount of leukocyte) p-value 0,017 and rho 0,257.Conclusion: The conclusion of the research was Hg rates in blood had a toxic limit standard so it can change theblood profile (decreased amount of leukocyte). It was recommended for gold miner to used a personal protectiveequipment like mask, lowering smoking habbit, checked-up, and make lots of green area at mining gold.Keywords : mercury in blood, blood profile, mining gold worker

Pengolahan Air Sungai Gambut Dengan Metode Filtrasi Hartini, Eko; Erawati, Erni; Aryani, Lenci
VISIKES: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol. 22 No. 2 (2023): VISIKES
Publisher : Dian Nuswantoro Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33633/visikes.v22i2Supp.8855

The people of Teluk Pulai Village use the water of the Red River, which is peat water, as a source of clean water. Not all residents use the water because it is brown to reddish in color. The results of the water test show that the turbidity parameter is 37 NTU, the iron (Fe) content is 4.57 mg/L, and the manganese (Mn) content is 2.39 mg/L; therefore, it is necessary to treat the water so that it is suitable as clean water and raw water for drinking water. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of media thickness and contact time on reducing turbidity, pH, temperature, Fe content, and Mn content in river water by filtration. The research design was an experiment with a pretest-posttest design with one control group and six replications. The independent variables were media thickness of 20 and 40 cm and contact time of 5 and 10 minutes, while the dependent variables were turbidity, pH, temperature, Fe content, and Mn content. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively based on Permenkes No. 32 of 2017. The results of the initial measurement of turbidity, Fe, and Mn levels before each treatment were above the quality standard according to Permenkes No. 32 of 2017. After processing using the filtration method, the results were in accordance with the quality standards, namely turbidity < 1 to 4 NTU, pH 6.5–6.9, temperature 25.8–26.4 oC, Fe content 0.024-0.126 mg/L, and Mn content 0.31–1.78. Although maximum effectiveness is achieved with a thickness of 40 cm and a contact time of 10 minutes, it is economically advisable for the community to treat river water using zeolite and activated sand filtration media with a thickness of 20 cm and a contact time of 5 minutes.

Pemahaman Vaksin Covid-19 Pada Mahasiswa Lulusan Pertama Barunawati Semarang Aryani, Lenci
Jurnal Abdimas Jatibara Vol 1, No 1 (2022): Jatibara Vol.1 No.1, Agustus 2022
Publisher : STIKES Yayasan RS.Dr.Soetomo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29241/jaj.v1i1.1111

The Covid-19 vaccination provides immunity to society as a whole. This is very vulnerable in school children who have face-to-face activities in class, the immune level of students and teachers must be maximized. Objectives: this service is to provide a level of understanding of vaccination activities for school students. Methods: Carried out by giving a pre-test to junior high school students related to the covid-19 vaccination, followed by the delivery of material and after that a post-test is given to determine understanding related to the material provided. Results: The pre-test showed that the average knowledge of students was 12.67%. Then there was an increase in students' knowledge of vaccination by 14.13%. Conclusioins: there is an increase in students' knowledge of the use of vaccination in the school environment

Implikasi Faktor Individu Terhadap Stigma Sosial Tuberkulosis di Kelurahan Tanjung Mas Semarang aryani, lenci
Jurnal Manajemen Kesehatan Yayasan RS.Dr. Soetomo Vol 7, No 1 (2021): JMK Yayasan RS.Dr.Soetomo, Pertama 2021
Publisher : STIKES Yayasan RS.Dr.Soetomo

Stigma dapat memperparah penyakit tuberkulosis paru sehingga dapat menyebabkan keterlambatan pengobatan dan berdampak negatif terhadap kelangsungan berobat penderita. Berkaitan dengan hal tersebut maka perlu diketahui bagaimanakah peran faktor internal dan eksternal masyarakat terhadap stigma sosial pada penyakit tuberkulosis di wilayah Kelurahan Tanjung Mas Semarang. Populasi terjangkau penelitian ini adalah masyarakat di Kelurahan Tanjung Mas Semarang dengan sampel sebesar 219 responden. Hasil penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan bahwa umur yang lebih muda lebih rentan terhadap stigma (p=0,011). Status pernikahan akan memperkecil stigma karena lebih adanya perhatian dari keluarga dan anak-anak mereka. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan status pernikahan berhubungan dengan stigma (p-value=0,011). Informasi tuberkulosis menunjukkan tidak adanya hubungan dengan keterkaitan seseorang pernah ataupun tidak pernah mendapatkan stigma dengan nilai (p=0,233). Nilai stigma yang tinggi sangat berbanding terbalik dengan nilai informasi tinggi yang diterima. Stigma tuberkulosis pada analisis multivariat menunjukkan tingkat kemaknaan p<0,25 yaitu variabel umur dan status pernikahan berdasarkan keterkaitan kandidat yang masuk dalam uji regresi logistik menunjukkan pada stigma tuberkulosis ≥32 adalah sebesar 60% sedangkan 40% disumbang oleh faktor lain. Status pernikahan terutama pada kategori tidak pernah menikah sangat berpengaruh lebih besar dengan stigma tuberkulosis contohnya di negara India dan negara Malawi. Stigma terkait tuberkulosis tetap menjadi tantangan dalam pencegahan dan pengendalian penyakit tuberkulosis. Pengurangan stigma baik di keluarga maupun masyarakat dengan meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat tentang pengaruh tuberkulosis perlu ditinggatkan agar penemuan penderita dapat meningkat karena menurunnya stigma negatif di masyarakat.

Optimasi Model Extreme Gradient Boosting Dalam Upaya Penentuan Tingkat Risiko Pada Ibu Hamil Berbasis Bayesian Optimization (BOXGB) Kusuma, Edi Jaya; Nurmandhani, Ririn; Aryani, Lenci; Pantiawati, Ika; Shidik, Guruh Fajar
Jurnal Teknologi Informasi dan Ilmu Komputer Vol 12 No 1: Februari 2025
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Komputer, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25126/jtiik.20251219001

Kehamilan pada ibu hamil memiliki beragam risiko selama prosesnya seperti preeklampsia, diabetes dan hipertensi gestational. Seiring dengan perkembangan teknologi dan pemanfaatan data, implementasi machine learning dalam pengembangan early diagnosis system untuk tingkat risiko kehamilan telah banyak dilakukan. Namun kendala dalam penerapan machine learning adalah sulitnya menemukan konfigurasi parameter yang tepat agar model machine learning mampu memberikan akurasi prediksi yang mumpuni. Pada penelitian ini diusulkan metode optimasi berbasis Bayesian untuk mengoptimalisasikan hyper-parameter dari model Decision Tree (DT) dan Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGB). Kedua model teroptimasi tersebut dilatih dan diuji dengan menggunakan data risiko kehamilan yang diperoleh dari hasil pengukuran medis pada ibu hamil. Dari hasil evaluasi diketahui terdapat pengaruh jumlah iterasi pada Bayesian Optimization (BO). Implementasi BO pada model Decision Tree (BODT) menunjukkan adanya sedikit peningkatan nilai performa dibandingan dengan penelitian sebelumnya. Sementara itu, capaian performa tertinggi diperoleh oleh kombinasi model XGB dan Bayesian (BOXGB) dimana capaian nilai akurasi pada model BOXGB yaitu 87% diikuti dengan nilai rata-rata presisi, recall, dan F1-score masing-masing sebesar 88%, 87%, dan 88%. Secara keseluruhan implementasi Bayesian Optimization mampu memberikan setelan hyper-parameter yang dapat meningkatkan kemampuan model machine learning khususnya dalam memprediksi tingkat risiko kehamilan pada ibu hamil berdasarkan data pengukuran klinis. Abstract During pregnancy process there are various risks such as preeclampsia, gestational diabetes and gestational hypertension. Along with the developments in technology as well as data science, the implementation of machine learning in early diagnosis system for pregnancy risk levels prediction has been widely carried out. However, there is a challenge in implementing machine learning, which is find the suitable yet effective parameter configuration in training machine learning model to provides better prediction accuracy. This research proposes a Bayesian-based Optimization (BO) method to tune up the hyper-parameters of Decision Tree (DT) and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGB) models. These two optimized models were trained and tested using maternal risk dataset obtained from the clinical-based measurement on pregnant woman. From the evaluation result, it can be found that the number of iterations has high influence on the BO performance. The implementation of BO toward DT model has slight increase in performance result compared to the previous research. Meanwhile, the highest performance result achieved by the combination of BO and XGB (BOXGB) model where the proposed model reaches 87% of accuracy, followed by average value of precision, recall, and F1-score of 88%, 87%, and 88%, respectively. Overall, the implementation of BO is able to direct the hyper-parameter configuration which improves the machine learning performance especially in predicting maternal risk level based on clinical-based measurement data.

ANALISIS SPASIAL KASUS TUBERKULOSIS DI KELURAHAN MUKTIHARJO KIDUL TAHUN 2021-2023 Maulani, Nuraulia; Lenci aryani; Wulandari, Fitria; Hartini, Eko
VISIKES Vol. 24 No. 1 (2025): VISIKES
Publisher : Dian Nuswantoro Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60074/visikes.v24i1.12078

Tuberculosis is one of the ten main diseases that cause death throughout the world. In 2021 there were 51 cases recorded, there was a significant decrease in 2022 to 30 cases, and until October 2023, there were 26 cases of Tuberculosis recorded in Muktiharjo Kidul Village. This research aims to carry out spatial analysis and statistical tests on Tuberculosis cases based on population risk factors and housing conditions in Muktiharjo Kidul Village during the 2021- 2023 period. This research approach is descriptive quantitative using a spatial analysis model and relying on secondary data. Case mapping was carried out using the Geographic Information System (GIS) application. The results of this research are presented through mapping the distribution of Tuberculosis cases using GIS technology. The conclusion of the research shows that the distribution of Tuberculosis cases tends to be concentrated in areas with moderate population density, while the homes of Tuberculosis sufferers have room temperatures that do not meet standards.

Pelatihan Kader Kesehatan dalam Penemuan Kasus Pasien Tuberkulosis Sensitif Obat di Wilayah Puskesmas Bandarharjo Semarang Aryani, Lenci; Isworo, Slamet; Triyono, Agus; Handayani, Sri
Jurnal Abdimas Jatibara Vol 4, No 1 (2025): Jatibara Vol.4 No.1 Agustus 2025
Publisher : STIKES Yayasan RS.Dr.Soetomo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29241/jaj.v4i1.2303

Health cadres play a crucial role in detecting various health cases in the community, including tuberculosis. Tuberculosis is among the most highly transmitted diseases in Semarang City, requiring a consistent approach to case management. Health cadres serve as the frontline in identifying and supporting the treatment of tuberculosis cases. Therefore, this community engagement activity involved training health cadres on tuberculosis, covering topics such as transmission, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and the side effects of TB medication. The training lasted for three hours and was conducted in the teleconference room of the Faculty of Health Science at Universitas Dian Nuswantoro. A pretest was administered to assess the cadres baseline knowledge, with a score of 67 answering correctly. After the training (post-test), correct responses increased to score 75,46. These results indicate that the training improved the cadres knowledge, which is essential for supporting tuberculosis prevention efforts and reducing the incidence of new cases in the community.

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